뗚36뻭뗚2웚헣붭듳톧톧놨(죋컄짧믡뿆톧냦),쓪3퓂JournalofZhejiangUniversity(HumanitiesandSocialSciences)ꆡ훷쳢퇐뺿:퇝뮯쮼쿫퓚웳튵돉뎤퇐뺿훐뗄퓋폃믹폚짺첬캻뗄웳튵퇝뮯믺샭첽컶잮ꆡ믔1,헅듳쇁2(11헣붭듳톧돇쫐톧풺,헣붭몼훝310015;21헣붭듳톧맜샭톧풺,헣붭몼훝310027)[햪ꆡ튪]웳튵짺첬캻쫇튻훖믹폚웳튵폫뮷뺳뮥뚯뗄뿍맛듦퓚,쯼쏨쫶쇋웳튵폫뮷뺳뮥뚯쯹탎돉뗄튻훖릲듦뻹뫢ힴ첬ꆣ웳튵퇝뮯뗄쪵훊쫇뒦폚뮷뺳훐뗄웳튵듓튻훖ힴ첬쿲쇭튻훖ힴ첬뗄뇤뮯,헢훖ힴ첬뗄뇤뮯쫇평웳튵폫뮷뺳횮볤뗄뮥뚯뛸닺짺뗄ꆣ웳튵뗄퇝뮯맽돌폫웳튵짺첬캻뗄탎돉맽돌듦퓚ퟅ튻훂탔,헢솽룶맽돌듓늻춬뷇뛈뛔웳튵폫뮷뺳뗄맘쾵뷸탐쇋뷢쫍,뿉틔쮵쫇춬튻쫂컯뗄솽룶랽쏦ꆣ퓋폃짺첬캻럖컶뿲볜뛔웳튵퇝뮯뷸탐퇐뺿,쫗쿈탨튪톰헒돶웳튵뫍짺첬캻뮷뺳뗄릹돉튪쯘,좻뫳붨솢쿠펦뗄욥엤쒣탍,ퟮ뫳룹뻝욥엤쒣탍뷸탐웳튵럖컶,늢평듋뛔웳튵퇝뮯뷸탐뷢쫍ꆣ[맘볼듊]웳튵짺첬캻;웳튵퇝뮯;퇝뮯믺샭[훐춼럖샠뫅]G64ꆡꆡ[컄쿗뇪횾싫]Aꆡꆡ[컄헂뇠뫅]1008942X(2006)02002007웳튵퇝뮯벰웤믺샭퇐뺿쫇뷼쓪살웳튵샭싛퇐뺿훐튻룶탂뗄랢햹랽쿲,룃퇐뺿잿뗷웳튵폫뮷뺳뗄뮥뚯뻹뫢,틲듋룼볓웵뫏떱뷱뿬쯙뇤뮯뮷뺳훐웳튵랢햹뗄샭싛폫쪵볹쯟쟳ꆣ웳튵짺첬캻샭싛맘힢웳튵폫뮷뺳뗄맘쾵뇤뮯,웤퇐뺿쓚죝폫웳튵퇝뮯퇐뺿뻟폐뷏잿뗄뮥늹맘쾵ꆣ놾컄헽쫇믹폚웳튵짺첬캻뗄쫓뷇뛔웳튵퇝뮯믺샭뗄튻훖돵늽첽쯷ꆣ튻ꆢ웳튵짺첬캻룅쓮짺첬캻샭싛뗄믹놾쮼쿫폐솽뗣:뗚튻,짺첬캻샭싛퇐뺿짺컯훖좺퓚짺첬쾵춳훐뗄뿕볤캻훃ꆢ릦쓜뫍ퟷ폃;뗚뛾,짺첬캻샭싛랴펳쇋짺첬쾵춳뗄뿍맛듦퓚,쯼쫇짺첬쾵춳뷡릹훐뗄튻훖훈탲뫍낲업ꆣ쿖듺웳튵짺첬캻샭싛죏캪,웳튵놾짭뻟폐튻뚨뗄만폐쫴탔[1],헢훖쫴탔쫇웳튵뗄튻훖뿍맛탔훊,쫇평뿍맛뮷뺳쾵춳헻뫏뛸돉ꆣ헢킩탔훊훷튪뇭쿖캪웳튵쓚늿짺첬뷡릹ꆢ풴쳘헷ꆢ닺욷탔훊ꆢ짺닺쓜솦ꆢ뿍뮧뛔쿳뗈ꆣ웳튵뗄만폐쫴탔쫇뿍맛뗄ꆢ쿠뛔컈뚨뗄,쫇웳튵뗄놾훊ꆣ춬쪱,웳튵쯹뒦뗄뮷뺳튲뻟폐튻킩쏷쿔뗄풴뿕볤튪쯘쳘헷,죧탨쟳ꆢ죋솦풴ꆢ짺닺풴ꆢ벼쫵ힴ첬ꆢ훆뛈뗈ꆣ웳튵듦퓚폚뮷뺳횮훐,솽헟뻍늻뿉뇜쏢뗘듦퓚뮥뚯맘쾵,평듋튲뻍닺짺쇋튻훖맘쾵ힴ첬,헢훖맘쾵ힴ첬놻돆ퟷ웳튵뗄짺첬캻ꆣ볲떥뗘붲,웳튵짺첬캻쫇튻훖믹폚뮷뺳풴뿕볤쳘탔뫍웳튵만폐탔훊뮥뚯뗄뿍맛맘쾵뚨캻,쫇웳튵폫뮷뺳뮥뚯욥엤(쫊펦)뫳쯹뒦뗄뿍맛ힴ첬(볻춼1)ꆣ웳튵짺첬캻뇭듯쇋웳튵폫뮷뺳횮볤쯹탎돉뗄튻훖릲듦뻹뫢ힴ첬,쯼훷튪냼몬솽랽쏦쫴탔:튻쫇뫪맛짺첬뮷뺳퓚짺첬캻닣쏦뗄퇓짬폫째춸,쫇뮷뺳뗄훕뛋,탎돉짺첬캻뮷뺳(폖돆킡짺뺳);뛾쫇웳튵쿲췢ퟷ폃뗄웰뗣,쫇웳튵탐캪퇓짬뗄[쫕룥죕웚]20050627[놾뾯췸횷ꆤ퓚쿟퓓횾] 1994-2008 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
뗚2웚잮믔,헅듳쇁:믹폚짺첬캻뗄웳튵퇝뮯믺샭첽컶21횱뷓ퟷ폃컯,쫇웳튵폫뮷뺳뮥뚯뗄랢짺뎡쯹ꆣ춼1ꆡ웳튵ꆢ웳튵짺첬캻ꆢ짺첬뮷뺳맘쾵쪾틢춼듓뫪맛닣쏦뾴,짺첬캻쫇웳튵뢴뫏짺첬쾵춳뮷뺳뗄훐볤닣ꆣ웳튵쯹뒦뗄헻룶짺첬뮷뺳릹돉튻룶웳튵뢴뫏짺첬쾵춳ꋙ,헢룶뢴뫏짺첬쾵춳뿉틔샭뷢캪죽룶맘쾵좦뗄벯뫏(볻춼2)ꆣ웤뫋탄좦쫇웳튵,릹돉룃뢴뫏쾵춳뗄짺첬뫋;뗚뛾좦쫇웳튵믮뚯뗄횱뷓뮷뺳,벴짺첬캻,뿉돆캪웳튵짺첬믹뒡좦;뗚죽좦쫇냼삨웳튵훖좺퓚쓚뗄웳튵짺첬쾵춳,뿉돆웤캪짺첬뿢ꆣ짺첬캻냼몬폚웳튵짺첬뿢횮훐,쫇짺첬뿢뗄튻룶릹돉떥풪ꆣ춼2ꆡ웳튵뢴뫏짺첬쾵춳뷡릹쪾틢춼듓훐맛닣쏦뾴,짺첬캻쫇웳튵짺첬뮷뺳훐뗄뿍맛듦퓚,쫇웳튵뿍맛폫뮷뺳뿍맛뗄붻믣뗣(볻춼1)ꆣ뿉틔냑짺첬캻뾴ퟷ쫇웳튵짺첬췸싧훐뗄튻룶룶뷚뗣(볻춼3)ꆣ튻랽쏦,웳튵짺첬쾵춳훐평폚맘쾵췸싧뗄붻닦뇘좻닺짺훚뛠뗄뷚뗣,뷚뗣쫇웳튵짺첬췸싧뗄튻훖릹돉탎쪽,뷚뗣쫇뿍맛뗄;쇭튻랽쏦,웳튵쳮돤췸싧훐뗄뷚뗣,틔쪵쿖퓚짺첬쾵춳훐듦퓚뗄쒿뗄,웳튵뗄듦퓚뿉틔잿뮯쒳킩뷚뗣뗄듦퓚,웳튵뗄쿻쪧튲뿉틔죵뮯(짵훁쒨즱)쒳킩뷚뗣뗄듦퓚ꆣ듓탔훊짏뾴,쿖쪵훐웳튵쳮돤뗄뷚뗣쫇쪵뷚뗣,퓝쪱쎻폐웳튵쳮돤뗄뷚뗣캪탩뷚뗣ꆣ춼3ꆡ웳튵짺첬췸싧벰뷚뗣(짺첬캻)쪾틢춼듓캢맛닣쏦뾴,짺첬캻쫇뮷뺳뛔웳튵뗄횱뷓췢냼,쫇쎿룶웳튵짺듦랢햹쯹틀삵뗄킡뮷뺳,쯼늻뷶쫇폫웳튵뷓죀뗄뮷뺳훕뛋닣,춬쪱폖쫇웳튵튻쟐췢퇓탐캪뗄돶랢뗣ꆣ듓뿕볤캻훃짏뾴,헢훖킡뮷뺳쫇웳튵쯹뒦뗄짺첬듳뮷뺳(짺첬뿢)훐폫웳튵뷴쏜뷓뒥뗄쓇늿럖,쯼쫇뮷뺳훐횱뷓펰쿬웳튵뗄틲쯘,쯼횱뷓ퟷ폃폚웳튵,늢돐쫜웳튵횱뷓뗄뮥뚯랴삡,쫇웳튵믮뚯폫뮷뺳뮥뚯뗄횱뷓쫜솦뫍랴ퟷ폃컯ꆣꋙ1984쓪,컒맺훸쏻짺첬톧볒십쫀뾥ꆢ췵죧쯉쳡돶쇋뢴뫏짧믡짺첬쾵춳뗄룅쓮,듓뛸붫짺첬캻뗄퇐뺿듓튻냣뗄짺컯훖좺쾵춳췆퇝훁죋릤짺첬쾵춳뗄ꆰ짺첬캻ꆱ쇬폲,뿉닎볻십쫀뾥ꆢ췵죧쯉ꆶ짧믡ꆪ뺭볃ꆪퟔ좻뢴뫏짺첬쾵춳ꆷ,퓘ꆶ짺첬톧놨ꆷ1984쓪뗚1웚,뗚19튳ꆣ놾컄뷨본쇋웤훐뗄맛뗣ꆣ' 1994-2008 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
22헣붭듳톧톧놨(죋컄짧믡뿆톧냦)뗚36뻭뛾ꆢ믹폚짺첬캻뗄웳튵퇝뮯퇐뺿웳튵뗄퇝뮯듓살뚼폫뮷뺳폐맘ꆣ웳튵퇝뮯샭싛죏캪,웳튵퇝뮯뗄쪵훊쫇뒦퓚뮷뺳훐뗄웳튵듓튻훖ힴ첬쿲쇭튻훖ힴ첬뗄뇤뮯,뛸웳튵퇝뮯뗄맽돌뻍쫇웳튵퓚뮷뺳훐뗄ꆰ뇤틬ꆪ볬퇩ꆪ놣쇴폫뒫퇜ꆱ뗄맽돌,믲헟쮵쫇뮷뺳뛔웳튵뗄ꆰퟔ좻톡퓱ꆱ맽돌[2]ꆣ튲뻍쫇쮵,웳튵퇝뮯쫇평폚웳튵폫뮷뺳뗄뮥뚯뛸닺짺,웳튵놾짭뇤뮯폫탐캪뗄룄뇤틔벰뮷뺳쿠펦뗄ꆰ쳴쳞ꆱ랴펦탎돉쇋웳튵쪵볊짏뗄퇝뮯ힴ첬ꆣ웳튵퓚폫뮷뺳뗄뗷헻훐,늻뷶쪵쿖쇋ퟔ짭뗄뚨캻뇤뮯,튲뇭쿖돶쇋튻훖퇝뮯뗄탎첬ꆣ틲듋,웳튵뗄퇝뮯맽돌폫웳튵짺첬캻뗄탎돉맽돌쫇튻훂뗄ꆣ웳튵폫뮷뺳뫃뇈쫇냥뗄솽뛋,솽헟뗄뮥뚯뻍쫇늻뛏뷸탐뗄냥폎쾷ꆣ웳튵놾짭믲탐캪뗄룄뇤,믲헟뮷뺳뗄뇤뮯,뻹믡틽웰냥뗄늻컈퓋뚯,솽헟춨맽늻뛏뗘뮥뚯뷇솦,톰쟳ퟅ튻훖릲듦뗄욽뫢,헢뻍탎돉쇋퇝뮯뗄맽돌ꆣ뛸웳튵짺첬캻뻍쿱헢룶냥뗄횧뗣,웳튵폫뮷뺳뗄욽뫢늩?,튲쫇횧뗣캻훃뗄냚뚯뫍컈뚨맽돌,듓뛸탎돉쇋짺첬캻뗄뇤뮯맽돌ꆣ뿉볻,헢솽훖맽돌쏨쫶뗄쓚죝퓚놾훊짏쫇튻훂뗄,쫇듓늻춬뷇뛈뛔춬튻쫂컯뗄맛달뫍뷢쫍,튲뿉틔쮵쫇춬튻쓚몭뗄솽룶늻춬뇭쿖탎쪽ꆣ떫쫇,튻룶쫂컯뗄솽룶랽쏦튲믡돊쿖돶튻뚨뗄닮뇰:퇝뮯뗄쮼슷쫇틔쪱볤탲쇐캪얦듸뛔웳튵폫뮷뺳뗄뮥뚯럖뇰뷸탐럖컶,늢ퟮ훕틔틲맻톭뮷뗄탎쪽냑솽헟뗄탐캪솪쾵웰살;뛸짺첬캻뗄퇐뺿퓲쫇쫔춼냑웳튵폫뮷뺳횮볤뗄뮥뚯쓉죫튻룶뿕볤뿲볜훐뷸탐뾼달,퓚튻룶쒣탍쓚맛달솽헟쿠뮥펰쿬벰랢햹뗄맦싉,벴짺첬캻퇐뺿냑웳튵뗄릹돉튪쯘폫뮷뺳훐뗄맘볼튪쯘퓚짺첬캻뿲볜쓚뷸탐욥엤,럖컶쯼쏇횮볤뗄욥엤뇤뮯쟩뿶,늢틔듋퇐뺿웳튵폫뮷뺳뗄뮥뚯맦싉ꆣ퓋폃짺첬캻뿲볜뛔웳튵퇝뮯뷸탐퇐뺿,쫗쿈탨튪톰헒돶웳튵뫍짺첬캻뮷뺳뗄릹돉튪쯘,좻뫳붨솢쿠펦뗄짺첬캻욥엤쒣탍,ퟮ뫳룹뻝욥엤쒣탍뷸탐웳튵탐캪럖컶,듓훐첽톰돶웤퇝뮯뗄쳘뗣뫍맦싉ꆣ죽ꆢ웳튵벰웳튵짺첬캻뮷뺳릹돉쯤좻떱잰톧쫵뷧맘폚웳튵뗄릹돉훚쮵럗,짐캴탎돉튻훖릲쪶,떫폐튻뗣틑뺭훰붥쟥컺웰살,벴웳튵뿉틔뾴ퟷ튻훖샠짺쏼쳥,웤릹돉뇘좻냼삨컯훊믹뒡폫뺫짱뺳뷧솽룶랽쏦(볻춼4)ꆣ웳튵뗄컯훊믹뒡쫇틔풴캪훷튪쳘헷뗄웳튵쪵쳥랽쏦뗄쓚죝,웤쳘뗣쫇폐탎ꆢ쪵볊,뇭쿖돶튻훖쿔탔뗄ힴ첬;웳튵뗄뺫짱뺳뷧쫇틔웳튵컄뮯캪훷튪쳘헷뗄웳튵쮼쿫랽쏦뗄쓚죝,웤쳘뗣쫇컞탎ꆢ탩훃,돊쿖돶틾탔뗄쳘훊ꆣ춼4ꆡ웳튵릹돉쪾틢춼폐맘웳튵짺첬뮷뺳뗄릹돉,튻냣죏캪믹놾짏평뗘샭캻훃ꆢ풴탨쟳ꆢ벼쫵ꆢ훆뛈ꆢ램맦ꆢ헾훎ꆢ맋뿍쳘헷ꆢ뺺헹ힴ뿶뗈틲쯘뻶뚨[3]ꆣPoter(1980)쳡돶뗄웳튵뺺헹컥솦쒣탍,룅삨쇋웳튵뺺헹뮷뺳평춬탐웳튵ꆢ릩랽ꆢ싲랽ꆢ쳦듺욷뎧짌ꆢ뮥늹욷뎧짌ꆢ잱퓚뷸죫헟뗈튪쯘릹돉ꆣ솺볎뗈[4]냑웳튵짺첬뮷뺳럖캪죽샠:벴뺭볃짺첬ꆢ짧믡짺첬ꆢퟔ좻짺첬,뗈뗈ꆣퟛ뫏틔짏뮷뺳튪쯘벰짺첬뮷뺳릹돉맛뗣,뿉틔뾴떽,뮷뺳훐폫웳튵횱뷓뷓뒥뗄뛔쿳훷튪냼삨튪쯘풴ꆢ뿍뮧ꆢ탅쾢ꆢ웤쯻샻틦쿠맘헟ꆢ짧믡맦' 1994-2008 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
뗚2웚잮믔,헅듳쇁:믹폚짺첬캻뗄웳튵퇝뮯믺샭첽컶23훆뗈,헢킩웳튵뗄횱뷓췢냼뮷뺳튪쯘믹놾뿉맩캪쯄샠:벴탨쟳ꆢ풴ꆢ벼쫵뫍훆뛈,쯼쏇릹돉쇋웳튵짺첬캻뮷뺳틲ퟓꆣ퓚듋믹뒡짏,뿉틔붨솢웳튵짺첬캻뮷뺳쒣탍,죧춼5쯹쪾:춼5ꆡ웳튵짺첬캻뮷뺳틲ퟓ쒣탍웤훐,풴뫍탨쟳캪웳튵쳡릩쇋짺듦뗄췁죀,쯼쏇ퟷ캪샻떼틲ퟓ틽떼ퟅ웳튵랢햹뗄랽쿲;벼쫵뫍훆뛈쫇웳튵퓋뚯맽돌뗄듟뮯볁,쯼쏇쿱웳튵ퟔퟩ횯쇷돌훐뗄뗷뷚랧쏅,뿘훆뫍맽싋ퟅ쇷맽웳튵뗄컯훊쇷뫍탅쾢쇷뗄쇷솿,틔듋살듙뷸뫍쿞훆웳튵뗄랢햹;쇭췢,뮹듦퓚ퟅ튻킩쓑틔풤닢뗄늻뿉뾹솦틲ퟓ,헢킩늻좷뚨틲ퟓ냼삨ퟔ좻뫍짧믡뗈뛠랽쏦틲쯘,쯤좻쯼쏇랢짺뗄룅싊뫜킡,떫뛔웳튵짺첬쾵춳뗄럧쿕튲늻뿉뫶쫓,쯼쏇뻍쿱튻쎶킨뚤,믡춻죧웤살뗘듲웆웳튵뗄ퟔퟩ횯욽뫢,퓬돉쏰뻸탔퓖쓑ꆣ틔짏헢킩틲ퟓ릲춬ퟷ폃,탎돉쇋웳튵뗄짺첬캻뮷뺳ꆣ쯄ꆢ짺첬캻욥엤쒣탍룹뻝웳튵뗄탔훊틔벰짺첬캻뗄릹돉쳘뗣,뿉틔릹붨짺첬캻욥엤쒣탍,틔뾼달웳튵퓚짺첬캻쾵춳훐뗄퇝뮯맦싉ꆣ욥엤쾵춳평쇹룶믹놾튪쯘릹돉:벴(쓚늿)풴ꆢ컄뮯ꆢ(췢늿)풴ꆢ탨쟳ꆢ벼쫵ꆢ훆뛈ꆣ쯼쏇횮볤탎돉쇋솽룶닣듎뗄솢쳥뮥뚯췸싧,뻟쳥탎첬뿉폃춼6뗄ퟪ쪯쒣탍살햹쿖:춼6ꆡ웳튵짺첬캻욥엤ퟪ쪯(췸싧)쒣탍A.뮷뺳탨쟳ꆪ웳튵쮼쿫(컄뮯)뗄뮥뚯ꆣ싺ퟣ탨쟳쫇웳튵뗄믹놾릦쓜,튲쫇쯹폐웳튵믮뚯뗄웰뗣ꆣ룃맽돌쫇웳튵쮼캬믮뚯뗄뾪쪼,웳튵춨맽뛔뮷뺳탨쟳뗄에뛏폫죏쪶,캪뫳탸뗄룷훖탐캪폫믮뚯쳡릩랽쿲뫍틀뻝ꆣ퓚헢튻맽돌훐,쫗쿈쫇랢쿖맋뿍탨쟳,냼삨맋뿍쳘헷ꆢ욫뫃뗈;웤듎튪뇦뇰맋뿍탨쟳뗄뿕볤뫍쪱볤,좻뫳룹뻝탨쟳ힴ뿶ퟶ돶맦뮮,틔횸떼뫳튻늽뗄탐뚯ꆣ웳튵뗄헢튻맽돌뮥뚯,랴펳쇋웳튵뛔뮷뺳뗄쫊펦릦쓜,쳥쿖쇋웳튵펦뛔탨쟳뇤뮯뗄쓜솦ꆣ' 1994-2008 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
24헣붭듳톧톧놨(죋컄짧믡뿆톧냦)뗚36뻭B.웳튵쮼쿫(컄뮯)ꆪ뮷뺳풴뗄뮥뚯ꆣ룃맽돌쫇짏튻맽돌(A)뗄퇓탸,튲쫇쿂튻맽돌(C)뗄ힼ놸뷗뛎ꆣ퓚룃맽돌훐,쫗쿈쫇뛔싺ퟣ탨쟳쯹탨풴뗄쯑톰폫에뇰,냼삨뛔벼쫵뫍훆뛈쳵볾뗄쯑톰폫움맀;웤듎쫇뛔풴뗈쳵볾뗄뫢솿;ퟮ뫳쫇헢킩쳵볾뗄믱좡뫍뒴퓬랽낸뗄톡퓱ꆣ웳튵퓚헢튻맽돌뗄뮥뚯,랴펳쇋웳튵퓚뮷뺳훐쯑톰풴뗄릦쓜,쳥쿖쇋웳튵뗄햽싔퇛맢뫍뒴탂쓜솦ꆣC.뮷뺳풴ꆪ웳튵쓚늿풴뗄뮥뚯ꆣ헢쫇웳튵뫍뮷뺳횮볤뗄풴뮯맽돌,룃맽돌쫇웳튵짺닺탐캪뗄뾪쪼,냼삨풴ퟩ횯폫뒴퓬ꆢ릩펦솴ꆢ췢늿풴뮯캪쓚늿풴ꆢ돉놾뿘훆ꆢ뫳쟚ퟩ횯뗈뷗뛎ꆣ웳튵헢튻맽돌뗄뮥뚯,랴펳쇋웳튵퓚뮷뺳훐뗄믱좡릦쓜,쳥쿖쇋웳튵컯훊풴뮯뗄쓜솦ꆣD.웳튵쓚늿풴ꆪ뮷뺳탨쟳뗄뮥뚯ꆣ헢쫇웳튵뗄볛횵뮯맽돌,냼삨뚨볛ꆢ펪쿺ꆢ쿺쫛ꆢ퓋ꆢ쫛뫳뗈뷗뛎ꆣ헢튻맽돌뗄뮥뚯,랴펳쇋웳튵퓚뮷뺳훐뗄퓋펪릦쓜,쳥쿖쇋웳튵볛횵뫍쓜솿뮻뗄쓜솦ꆣE.웳튵쓚늿풴ꆪ쮼쿫(컄뮯)뗄뮥뚯ꆣ헢쫇웳튵ퟔ짭뗄쓚뮯폫돉뎤맽돌,춨맽컯훊폫뺫짱뗄뮥쿠듙뷸폫뷡뫏,틔듙뷸웳튵쓜솦뗄폐킧랢믓ꆢ웳튵컄뮯뗄짺돉ꆢ릲춬볛횵맛뗄엠폽,듓뛸쪵쿖웳튵뗄짺듦폫랢햹ꆣ떱좻,죧맻웳튵퓚짏쏦잰쯄룶맽돌훐컞램쪵쿖쓜솿뫍컯훊뗄뺻쇷죫,헢훖ퟩ횯쓚짺첬맽돌랴맽살튲뿉쓜떼훂웳튵뗄캮쯵믲쮥실ꆣ헢튻웳튵쓚뮯맽돌뗄뮥뚯,랴펳쇋웳튵ퟔ짭뗄짺뎤릦쓜,쳥쿖쇋웳튵ퟔ짭쳡짽뫍삩헅뗄쓜솦ꆣ췸싧맘쾵뗄뗚튻닣듎쫇평(쓚늿)풴ꆢ컄뮯ꆢ(췢늿)풴ꆢ탨쟳쯄룶틲쯘뮥뚯릹돉뗄컥뛔쎬뛜퓋뚯,쯼쏇횱뷓햹쿖쇋웳튵뗄짺듦ힴ첬,튲쳥쿖쇋웳튵짺듦랢햹뗄컥룶믹놾릦쓜,쏨믦돶쇋웳튵퇝뮯뗄맽돌탎첬,웤뮥뚯뷡맻쿔뛸틗볻늢뿉뷸탐횱뷓뗄뫢솿,틲듋뿉돆횮캪쿔탔뮥뚯ꆣ듓믮뚯탔훊살럖,AꆢB맽돌훷튪쫇웳튵뗄쮼캬믮뚯맽돌,AꆢB쿠뮥쿎뷓;CꆢD맽돌훷튪쫇웳튵뗄컯훊뮯믮뚯맽돌,CꆢD쿠뮥뫴펦;E쫇웳튵뗄쓚뮯맽돌,쯼쫇튻룶냼삨쮼캬믮뚯뫍컯훊뮯믮뚯퓚쓚뗄ퟛ뫏맽돌ꆣ듓웳튵믮뚯릹돉맽돌살뾴,A맽돌쫇웳튵쮼캬믮뚯쇬폲뗄싟벭웰뗣;C맽돌쫇웳튵컯훊뮯믮뚯뗄싟벭웰뗣ꆣC쫇D뗄잰쳡뫍믹뒡,A쫇B뗄횸떼뫍랽쿲ꆣ췸싧맘쾵뗄뗚뛾닣듎쫇평뗚튻닣듎뗄컥뛔쎬뛜퓋뚯폫벼쫵ꆢ훆뛈틲ퟓ릹돉뗄룼캪뢴퓓뗄뮥뚯맘쾵ꆣ헢튻닣듎뗄뮥뚯랴펳쇋웳튵뗃틔짺듦랢햹뗄짮닣듎풭틲,쯼뛔짏튻닣듎뮥뚯뗄퓋탐슷쿟뫍뮥뚯돌뛈웰떽쇋잿쇒뗄뗷뷚뫍듟뮯ퟷ폃,캪웳튵뗄돖탸랢햹쳡릩쇋풴풴늻뛏뗄뚯솦믲돥믷ꆣ평폚뒦폚뗗닣,헢튻닣듎뗄뮥뚯뷡맻늻쓜횱뷓뇭쿖돶살,뫢솿뷏캪삧쓑,쯤좻뿉틔춨맽뗚튻닣듎뮥뚯뗄킧맻볤뷓뷸탐볬퇩,떫뻟폐쪱볤뗄훍뫳탔ꆣ헢튻닣뮥뚯쫇틾퓚뇭쏦횮뫳뗄믮뚯,뿉돆횮캪뗗닣뮥뚯ꆣ솽룶닣듎뗄췸싧맘쾵뮥뚯,냼몬ퟅ웳튵폫뮷뺳횮볤뗄훷맛뫍뿍맛솽훖믮뚯맽돌,쳥쿖쇋웳튵뗄ퟔ좻뫍짧믡뗄쮫훘쫴탔ꆣ뛸퓚솽룶닣듎뗄췸싧맘쾵뮥뚯쿂,웳튵튲쪵쿖쇋쓚췢욥엤쿂뗄뚯첬퇝뮯,틲듋,웳튵퇝뮯뗄쪵훊튲뿉틔쏨쫶캪퓚뗗닣뮥뚯풼쫸쿂뗄컥뛔쿔탔쎬뛜뗄퓋뚯맽돌ꆣ컥ꆢ믹폚짺첬캻욥엤쒣탍뗄웳튵퇝뮯뷢쫍평짺첬캻욥엤쒣탍뿉틔뾴떽,웳튵퇝뮯럖캪솽룶닣듎:컥뛔쎬뛜뗄쿔탔뮥뚯맽돌,틔벰뗗닣뮥뚯뗄맽돌ꆣ쯼쏇릹돉쇋웳튵퇝뮯뗄좫늿쓚죝ꆣ뗚튻닣듎뮥뚯햹쿖쇋웳튵죽룶닣쏦뗄퇝뮯뇭쿖탎쪽:웳튵쓚늿캢맛닣쏦ꆢ웳튵닣쏦ꆢ뮷뺳닣쏦뗄퇝뮯ꆣ웳튵쓚늿캢맛닣쏦뗄퇝뮯훷튪횸웳튵쓚늿룼킡짺첬쾵춳뗄퓋뚯ꆣ웳튵쓚늿튲쫇튻룶뢴퓓뗄짺첬쾵춳,돆횮캪웳튵쓚짺첬뮷뺳[5],쯼쏇쫇뛔웳튵쓚늿풴뫍웳튵쮼쿫쯹짦벰쓚몭뗄룼쾸뮯럖뷢,헢킩럖뷢튪쯘냼삨풱릤ꆢ뷡릹ꆢ짨놸ꆢ맦헂훆뛈ꆢ탅쾢ꆢ샭쓮뗈,헢킩튪쯘튲듦퓚ퟅ퇝뮯뗄쳘탔,릹돉쇋쇭튻럹랱퓓뗄짺첬춼뺰ꆣ뛔헢킩캢맛퇝뮯퓋뚯뗄퇐뺿뿉틔햹쿖웳튵쓚늿풴틔벰웳튵쮼쿫룼쾸캢퓋뚯뗄맦싉,뷒쪾웳튵믹틲탎돉ꆢ뇤틬ꆢ뢴훆뗄풭틲폫믺샭ꆣ헢튻닣쏦뗄퇝뮯퇐뺿쿖뷱틑뺭탎돉탭뛠튵뗄쇬폲,죧웳튵맟샽샭싛ꆢ웳튵컄뮯퇐뺿ꆢ웳튵횪쪶맛ꆢ웳튵쓜솦맛ꆢ웳튵풴맛뗈,쯼' 1994-2008 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
뗚2웚잮믔,헅듳쇁:믹폚짺첬캻뗄웳튵퇝뮯믺샭첽컶25쏇듓늻춬뗄뷇뛈뛔웳튵퇝뮯쓚늿믺샭뷸탐쇋닻쫶ꆣ웳튵닣쏦뗄퇝뮯훷튪횸웳튵ퟔ짭랢햹맽돌,뻟쳥뇭쿖캪짺첬캻욥엤쒣탍훐E맽돌ꆪꆪꆪ웳튵쓚늿풴ꆪ쮼쿫(컄뮯)뗄뮥뚯ꆣ헢쫇웳튵뗄ퟔퟩ횯맽돌,냼삨컯훊믽샛ꆢ쮼쿫랢폽뗈쓚죝ꆣ웳튵ퟔퟩ횯맽돌쫇랢짺퓚웳튵벰웤쓚늿뗄짺첬퇝뮯믮뚯,웳튵닣쏦퇝뮯쫇쾵춳쓚늿늻춬캢맛ퟓ쾵춳볤뮥캪틲맻ꆢ쿠뮥ퟷ폃ꆢ쿠뮥쿬펦뗄뷡맻ꆣ룃닣쏦뗄퇝뮯퇐뺿훷튪뷒쪾웳튵짺쏼맽돌뗄랢햹믺샭,뷢쫍쇋캪쪲쎴믡돶쿖웳튵짺쏼쿖쿳ꆢ웳튵짺쏼훜웚틔벰웳튵돉뎤뗈컊쳢ꆣ뮷뺳닣쏦뗄퇝뮯훷튪횸웳튵폫뮷뺳뗄ꆰퟔ좻톡퓱ꆱ뮥뚯맽돌,뻟쳥뇭쿖캪짺첬캻욥엤쒣탍훐AꆢBꆢCꆢD쯄뛔맘쾵뗄욥엤퓋뚯맽돌ꆣ퓋뚯맽돌훐,튻랽쏦웳튵뛔뮷뺳늻뛏뗘뷸탐ퟅ췢퇓쒦닁뫍탐캪죅뚯,쇭튻랽쏦뮷뺳뛔웳튵탐캪뷸탐ퟅ돖탸뗄랴펦폫랴삡,탎돉쇋짺첬쾵춳훐컈뚨폫쪧컈뗄톭뮷퓋뚯쿖쿳ꆣ헢킩맽돌뷒쪾쇋뮷뺳뛔웳튵ퟔ좻톡퓱뗄풭틲ꆢ톡퓱뷸돌틔벰톡퓱뷡맻뗄컊쳢ꆣ톡퓱평짺첬캻욥엤쪧뫢뾪쪼,톡퓱맽돌뻟쳥뇭쿖캪AꆢBꆢCꆢD쯄뛔쎬뛜맘쾵뗄욥엤늩?,ퟮ뫳뿉틔듯돉컈뚨ힴ첬뗄욥엤뗃틔놣쇴,랴횮퓲믡놻쳔청,탂뗄욥엤릹돉쇋짺첬캻탂뗄ힴ첬ꆣ뗗닣뮥뚯늻횱뷓뇭쿖캪웳튵퇝뮯뗄탎첬,쯼룼뛠쪱뫲쫇ퟷ캪튻훖듟뮯뫍뿘훆튪쯘닎폫떽웳튵죽룶닣쏦뗄퇝뮯떱훐ꆣퟜ쳥살붲,짺첬캻욥엤쒣탍훐뗄뗗닣뮥뚯쫇웳튵퇝뮯뗄풼쫸뫍듟뮯솦솿,쯼뛔웳튵뫍뮷뺳뻹폐짮뿌뗄펰쿬,웤펰쿬믺샭뷒쪾쇋웳튵뗃틔늻뛏퇝뮯뗄짮닣듎풭틲ꆣ쯤좻맘폚뗗닣뮥뚯뗄믺샭뫍맦싉퇐뺿놻쓉죫짺첬캻욥엤뗄뿲볜훐,떫쪵볊짏쯼쫴폚룼짮죫룼튵뗄믹뒡샭싛퇐뺿쇬폲,죧벼쫵뒴탂ꆢ훆뛈뇤잨뗈,틲듋늻쓜퓚짺첬캻욥엤쒣탍뗄떥튻뿲볜훐뗃떽췪좫닻쫍ꆣ틔짏듓웳튵ꆪ짺첬캻뮷뺳뮥뚯뗄뷇뛈,뛔웳튵퇝뮯믺샭뷸탐쇋돵늽뗄첽쯷폫럖컶ꆣ웳튵퇝뮯쫇튻룶뢴퓓뗄맽돌,듓짺첬캻욥엤뗄쫓뷇뛔웤쓚죝뷸탐럖뷢,뿉틔쪹컒쏇힡웳튵퇝뮯뗄쪵훊,좷뚨웳튵퇝뮯맽돌뗄쪵쳥뫍췢퇓,쪹웤룼틗샭뷢뫍죫쫖퇐뺿,듓뛸냑쿠뛔돩쿳뗄웳튵퇝뮯퇐뺿뻟쳥떽쇋뛔웳튵짺첬캻훐벸뛔맘볼뮥뚯맘쾵뗄퇐뺿ꆣ춬쪱,퓋폃짺첬캻뿲볜퓚웳튵폫뮷뺳뗄뢴퓓맘쾵훐샭돶튻룶싶싧,늢틔듋캪쟐죫뗣뷸탐짮죫뗄ꆢ럖닣듎뗄퇐뺿,뿉캪죕틦랢햹뗄웳튵퇝뮯샭싛쳡릩튻훖탂뗄퇐뺿쫓뷇,뛔럡뢻뫍췪짆웳튵퇝뮯샭싛웰떽믽벫뗄ퟷ폃ꆣ뷼쓪살,폐맘웳튵짺첬캻뗄퇐뺿퓚맺쓚튲폐훰붥짏짽뗄쫆춷,웤쓚죝훷튪벯훐퓚룅쓮ꆢ샠뇈ꆢ릹돉ꆢ움닢뗈랽쏦ꆣ죧낲ꆢ듯쟬샻[6]뛔웳튵짺첬캻뗄쓚몭벰웤뛔웳튵랢햹뗄펰쿬뷸탐쇋첽쳖,탭랼ꆢ샮붨뮪[7]뛔웳튵짺첬캻뗄ퟷ폃풭샭뫍쿠맘쒣탍뷸탐쇋럖컶폫닻쫶,췲싗살[8]퓲쳡돶쇋듓웳튵쓚늿뛔웤짺첬캻쓜솦뷸탐움맀뗄랽램,뗈뗈ꆣ헢킩뻹쫇냑짺첬캻샭싛틽죫웳튵퇐뺿쇬폲뗄폐틦뎢쫔ꆣ떱좻펦룃횸돶뗄쫇,듓짺첬캻뗄뷇뛈뛔웳튵퇝뮯믺샭뷸탐퇐뺿,놾컄횻쫇튻룶돵늽뗄첽쯷,폐맘쿫램짐늻돉쫬ꆣ평폚퇐뺿룕룕웰늽,컒쏇쿖뷗뛎뮹횻쓜뻍웳튵짺첬캻폫웳튵퇝뮯뗄맘쾵쳡돶뿲볜탔뗄볻뷢,폐맘솽헟뮥뚯맘쾵뗄룼짮죫뗄첽쳖퓲폐듽폚뷸튻늽뗄퇐뺿뫍퇏뷷뗄쪵횤볬퇩ꆣ[닎ꆡ뾼ꆡ컄ꆡ쿗][1]HANNANMT,GLENNRC,L#SZLδ[J].SociologicalTheory,2003,21(4):309341.[2]WILLIAMPB,[J].StrategicManagementJournal,1996,17:519.[3]G#BORP,[J].AmericanJournalofSociology,1999,104(4):11321154.[4]솺볎,룰헱훒,랶붨욽.웳튵짺첬폫웳튵랢햹[J].맜샭뿆톧톧놨,2002,(2):3040.[5]:implicationsforanevolutionaryperspectiveonstrategy[J].StrategicManagementJournal,1996,17:193214[6]낲,듯쟬샻.웳튵짺첬캻벰웤쓜뚯탔톡퓱퇐뺿[J].뚫쓏듳톧톧놨(헜톧짧믡뿆톧냦),2005,7(1):6266.' 1994-2008 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
26헣붭듳톧톧놨(죋컄짧믡뿆톧냦)뗚36뻭[7]탭랼,샮붨뮪.웳튵짺첬캻풭샭벰쒣탍퇐뺿[J].훐맺죭뿆톧,2005,(5):130139.[8]췲싗살.웳튵짺첬캻벰웤움볛랽램퇐뺿[J].훐맺죭뿆톧,2004(1):,ZHANGDa2liang(11CityCollege,ZhejiangUniversity,Hangzhou310015,China;21CollegeofManagement,ZhejiangUniversity,Hangzhou310027,China)Abstract:,-ecologicinteractionattheecologicallevelwhichistheterminalofenvironment,,thefirstthingistofindtheirelements,thentoconstructthematchingmodel,andthentoanalyzeorganizationbehaviors,,:demand,resources,:internalresources,culture,externalresources,demand,,andthethreeevolutionforms:organizationinternalmicrolevel,organizationlevel,,,weneedtofindthebusinessorganizationanditsnicheenvironmentelements,buildorganizationnichematchmodel,analyzeorganizationbehavioraccordingly,:organizationniche;organizationevolution;evolutionmechanics' 1994-2008 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
