캬웕톶 뗚第?3?3뻭~在뗚第?5웚期?뫬红췢外폫与벤激맢光工릤돌程??2?0?0?4쓪年?1?0퓂月??V?o?l?. ?3?3?N?oꎮ. ?5? ?I?n?f?r?a?r?e?d? ?a?n?d? ?L?a?s?e?r? ?E?n?g?i?n?e?e?r?i?n????ꎮ?????g 춼图쿱像뛠多킡小늨波폲域쪸矢솿量솿量뮯化策닟略싔?역彭宁쓾高1?.ꆣ2ꎬ퇮杨?杰뷜?1?(?ꎮ1짏.몣上붻海춨交듳通톧大学춼图쿱像뒦处샭理폫与쒣模쪽式쪶识뇰别研퇐究뺿所쯹，ꎬ짏上몣海??2?0?0?0?3?0ꎻ;? ?2.ꎮ뫓河쓏南뿆科벼技듳大톧学电뗧子ퟓ与폫信탅息쾢学톧院풺，ꎬ뫓河쓏南洛싥阳퇴?4?7?1?0?3?9?) 햪摘?튪要:ꎺ쳡提돶出튻一훖种믹基폚于뛠多킡小늨波뇤变뮻换뷡结뫏合쪸矢솿莹솿莹뮯化뗄的춼图쿱像뇠编싫码쯣算法램?(?M?D?W?T?十?VQ?)?oꆣ쫗首쿈先뛔对图춼?쿱像뷸进탐行多뛠小킡波늨分럖解뷢，ꎬ좻然뫳后뛔对룟高욵频系쾵쫽数用폃改룄뷸进后뫳的뗄?L?B?G쯣算램法탎形돉成뗄的码싫书쫩뷸进行탐?V?Q뇠编싫码。ꆣ算쯣法램充돤分럖利샻?폃用쇋了多뛠小킡늨波域폲不늻同춬分럖辨뇦率싊层닣间볤各룷方랽向쿲于ퟓ罔춼像쿱的뗄相쿠似쯆性탔，ꎬ뷶仅对뛔最ퟮ高룟分럖辨뇦率싊层닣进뷸行탐码싫书쫩地뗘址횷索쯷引틽，ꎬ뗍低벶级?럖分뇦辨싊率닣层뗄的系쾵쫽数내按헕照一튻定뚨的뗄组ퟩ织횯形탎式쪽直횱接뷓套쳗用폃最ퟮ高룟分럖辨뇦率싊层닣的뗄地뗘址횷索쯷引틽信탅息쾢ꆣo뛔对比뇈实쪵퇩验的뗄结뷡果맻验퇩?횤证了쇋룃该算쯣法램퓚在쳡提高룟阁춼쿱像的뗄훘贯建붨훊质솿量以틔벰及퓚在붵降뗍低캻位싫码率싊方랽面쏦均뻹比뇈뒫传统춳的뗄单떥小킡泼늨阁춼像쿱编뇠码싫算쯣法램有폐一튻定뚨?뗄的提쳡高룟。ꆣ?关맘键볼词듊:ꎺ多뛠小킡波늨变뇤换뮻;ꎻ?쪸矢莹솿莹솿化뮯;ꎻ?多뛠럖分뇦辨率싊码싫书쫩?훐中图춼럖分类샠号뫅ꎺ:?TP?3?9?1?컄文쿗献标뇪识쪶叫싫ꎺ:?A?컄文헂章编뇠号뫅ꎺ:?1?0?0?7ꆪω?2?2?7?6(??20?0?4?)?0?5?-ꆪ0?5?2?0?-ꆪ?04???V?e?c?t?o?r ??????????????????????????????????????????????????quantization scheme in image multiwavelet domain ?????????ꆪ?????ꆫꎮ?????????1 PENG , YANG lie(?1?.ꎮ I?n?引?i?r?ur?e??o?f? ?Im??ag?e?? ?Pr?oc?e?s?s?i?ng?? a?n?d? ?P?a?r?re?r?n?? R?e?c??o?g?ni?ri?o?n.ꎬ S?h?a?n?g?h?a?i? J?i?ao?r?o?n?g? ??Un?i?ve?r?s?i?r?y.ꎬ S??h?an?g?h?a?i? 2??0?0?03?0?.ꎮ ?Ch?i?n?a?; 2?.ꎮ ?I?n?盯?i??r?ur?e??o?f? ??El?e?c?r?r?o?n?i?c? ?a?n?d?? ???????????ꎬ??????????????????????????????????????????ꎬ??????????????ꎬ??????Informarion. Henan Universiry of Science and Technology. Luoyang 47I1l39. China) A?b??s?tr?a?c??t:ꎺ A?n? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????image coding scheme based on multiwavelet transform and vector quantization is ????????ꎮ???????ꎬ?????????????????????????????????????????????ꎬ???????????????????????????proposed. Firstly, image is decomposed by multiwavelet transform, and then the high frequency ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????coefficients are coded by use of the codebook made by the improved LBG algorithm.ꎮ丁?h?e??s?c?h?e?m?e?? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????ꆪ?????????????????????????????????fully uses the comparability of d fferent resolution sub-images n the mult wavelet doma n.ꎮ C?o?e?f?f?i?›ꆪ????????????????????????????????????ꆪ???????????????????????????????ꎬ??????????????????????????????cients n the highest resolution su b-image are indexed with codebook, and coefficients n the lower ?????????????ꆪ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????resolution sub-image use these index information directly under some certain organization.ꎮ C?o?m?›ꆪ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????ꎬ???????????????????????????????ꆪ?paring to the trad tional coding method based on single wavelet, the scheme can improve the qual›????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????ity of reconstruction image and reduce the bite rate at the same time.ꎮ ??????????ꎺ?????????????????????ꎻ????????????????????ꎻ??????????????????????????Key words: Multiwavelet transform; Vector quantization; Multiresolution codebook i헽E붻交탔性좷确놣保쇋了쓜能솿嚣뗄的늻不分럖散즢，ꎬ쪹使뗃得变뇤换뮻城폲能쓜量솿集벯中훐;ꎻ?宙间。??寻|틽?쒿?光맢滑뮬性탔可뿉以틔减복小킡商룟욵频듸带춨通掳싋揽늨各룷个룶子ퟓ带듸的뗄频욵间볤相쿠关맘?干룉扰죅;ꎻ뷴紧횧支탔性놣保횤证了쇋싋滤波늨器웷的뗄有폐限쿞响쿬应펦，ꎬ뇣便于폚工릤程돌应펦?多뛠小킡披늨变뇤换뮻与폫单떥小킡披늨变뇤换뮻相쿠比뇈有폐诸훮多뛠优폅势쫆。ꆣ其웤?用폃;ꎻ뛸阳뛔对돆称탔性놣保횤证쇋了쿟钱탔性相쿠位캻，ꎬ쪹使得뗃重훘建붨结뷡果맻符럻合뫏人죋?收쫕稿룥日죕朔웚:ꎺ2?0?0?3?-튻1?1?-?01? ; ꎻ修탞订뚩臼죕朔웚:ꎺ2?0?0?3?一ꆪ1?2?丽튻1?5??作ퟷ者헟简볲介뷩:ꎺ彭역宁쓾窝\?1?9?7?3?-)튻?.ꎬ男쓐，ꎬ쇉辽宁쓾沈짲阳퇴人죋·ꎬ讲붲!쪦邸ꎬ，늩博쪿士짺生ꎬ퇐，研뺿究랽方쿲向캪为춼朋쿱像뒦处샭理、ꆢ볆计쯣算믺机视쫓觉뻵放벰模쒣式쪽识쪶别뇰。ꆣ?
캬웕톶 뗚第?5웚期?역彭쓾宁，~뗈李ꎺ:춼阁쿱像뛠多킡小늨波폲域矢쪸f솿:솿量뮯化닟策싔略??5?2?1? 퇛Dl쫓!뻵视쾵觉춳系统쳘特탔性ꎬ춬，同쪱时폖又쪹使뗃得탅倍뫅号뗄的뇟边뷧界易틗于폚处뒦理샭。ꆣ?평由?G?H?M뛠多킡小늨被的뗄尺돟J뛈î몯函쫽数뷢解컶析特쳘性탔可뿉知횪:ꎺ?~I ?(?1?)퓚在?ퟜ总횮之ꎬ，뛠多킡小늨被쏖弥늹补쇋了틔以췹往떥单킡小늨液훐中늻不듦存퓚在뿉可同춬쪱时?쯹所폐有헻黯쫽数뗣点上짏뻹均为캪?0ꎬ?，仇?(?0?ꎬ，횻只퓚在?1짏上폐有럇非쇣零횵值。ꆣ쯹所?싺满ퟣ足짏上쫶述탔性쓜能뗄的킡小늨被믹基뗄的좱触몶憾ꆣ。뛠多킡小늨被뇤变뮻换쫇是폃用矢쪸솿最?틔以짏上쪽式뿉可킴写为캪ꎺ1?싋滤늨被웷器组ퟩ来살处뒦理샭矢쪸最솿倍탅号뫅。ꆣ矢쪸撞솿撞싋、늨被웷器ퟩ组퓚在좥去돽除쪸矢솿靡?????????????ꎬ??11叫:仇(1)C~，"-1 횮之볤间쿠相关맘性탔的뗄同춬时쪱，ꎬ놣保돖持쇋了쪸矢솿最内쓚部늿的뗄相쿠关맘性탔，ꎬ쯹所틔以탅倍?ꆾ?j[?2?n?+ ?1?J 튻=?化?(?3ꎯ/?2)??屹?ꎬ俨?ꆣl?十?~I?O?/ꎯ?2?k??Lꎬ?，?十?仇?(?3ꎯ/?2?)?c?ꎬ?L뫅号뛠多킡小늨被뇤变뮻换뫳后뗄的쾵系쫽数룼更볓加쫊适뫏合폃用쪸矢솿量솿量뮯化的뗄랽方陆램뷸进????(4) 탐行뇠编싫码，ꎬ헢这퓚在춼图쿱像톹压쯵缩훐中폐有ퟅ着훘蓝튪耍뗄的볛价횵值ꆣ。놾本컄文提쳡出돶?퓙乎每룹根뻝据?化ꆣ?(??t뗄)뛔的돆对탔称性ꎬퟮ，훕最뿉终뷢可解뗃得돵初쪼始쾵系쫽数?cf?ꆭddꎬ，?c?j叶1ꎺ:?튻一훖种퓚在춼图쿱像뛠多킡小늨披폲域훐中뷸进탐行쪸矢솿量솿最뮯化뗄的랽方램法。ꆣ뛔对比뇈实쪵??rc ?~ꎬ?咐?=?(~2(??1)??!?[2??n?十?1?J튻…?~2ꆣ?O?/ꎯ2?)?f?[?2?n??十?2J?튻?퇩瞌뇭表쏷明了쇋诙룃랽方法램优폅于폚传뒫统춳的뗄单떥小킡披늨图춼像쿱编뇠码싫方랽法램。ꆣ??J仇??(?3ꎯ/?2?)?![??2?nJ?)?ꎯ/?仇?(?1?)?仇??0?/ꎯ2?)??(?5?) ?뛠킡늨뇤뮻?|。一튻?江些土lJ1 多小谧变幌iι一一瓦百了一헢这퇹样，ꎬ뻍就췪完돉成쇋了뛔对풭原쪼始쫽数뻝据뗄的풤预싋拙늨破ꆣ。쿂下丽쏦即벴可뿉用폃??1ꎮ.?1 뛠多킡小늨波简볲介뷩??G?H?M뛠多킡小늨被将붫?c?L，?c?Lꎬ?ퟷ作캪为돵初쪼始쪸矢솿量뷸进行탐多뛠小킡搅늨分럖?뫍和떥单小킡늨披变뇤换뮻类샠似쯆，ꎬ뛠多킡小늨波뇤变뮻换튲也쫇是붨建솢立在퓚뛠多分럖?뷢解，ꎬ훘重붨建뫳后내按릫公쪽式?(?3)?평由?cL，?cꎺLꎬ?쟳求出돶?f[?n?J?벴即可뿉。ꆣ?뇦辨率싊分럖析컶?(?MR?A?)?믹基础뒡上짏的뗄。ꆣ不늻间춬的뗄是쫇，ꎬ떥单킡小披늨只횻有폐?튻一个룶尺돟度뛈函몯数쫽和뫍一튻个룶小킡波늨函몯数쫽，ꎬ뛸而뛠多킡小늨披폐有多뛠룶个尺돟度뛈??2? 춼圈쿱像多뛠킡小늨城폲域的뗄矢쪸量솿量솿化뮯算쯣法램?몯函쫽数뫍和뛠多룶个킡小늨被몯函쫽数ꆣ。튻一룶个훘重튪要뗄的뛠多킡小波늨就뻍是쫇用폃分럖?탎形插닥횵值的뗄랽方法램构릹建붨的뗄?G?H?M뛠多小킡被늨[?lJ?ꆣ。쯼它包냼括삨两솽个룶?춼图쿱像뛠多킡小늨被폲域쪸矢솿量솿最뮯化뇠编싫码的뗄关맘键볼在퓚于폚生짺成돉튻?돟尺度뛈函몯数쫽仇?(ꆣt?)??ꎬ，?仇?(t?)?和뫍솽两个룶킡小被늨函몯数쫽?Wlꆣ?(?t)? ,ꎬW?Z? ?(?t)?。ꆣ?룶个能쓜够릻뺫精쾸细뿌刻뮭画쪸矢솿最볤间쿠相쯆似돌程뛈度的뗄码싫书쫩和뫍设짨计볆一튻种훖?쯹所对뛔应펦的뗄二뛾尺돟度뛈方랽程돌为캪:ꎺ?뫏合盟샭的뗄形탎式쪽用폃来살组ퟩ织횯小킡披늨系쾵数쫽，ꎬ벴即튻→룶个쓜能돤充分럖利샻用폃多뛠?ꆺ??튻r?~l (t)ꎻ ?l 튻??????ꆣ???튻??킡小늨披뇤变뮻换쳘特뗣点뗄的쪸矢솿量ퟩ组횯织닟策싔略。ꆣ쿂下而쏦将붫讨쳖论싛码싫书쫩的뗄?φ(t)口I.口H。φ(2t)+ H1φ(2t…1) L~z (t) J 짺生成돉算쯣法램和뫍多뛠分럖辨뇦率싊码싫书쫩的뗄概룅念쓮，ꎬ同춬쪱时给룸出돶多뛠分럖辨뇦率싊???H2?φ(?2?tꇪ 튻~ 2?)? ?+ ?H3?φ?(2?t? 튻-3?)? ，，、噜、、‘，码싫书쫩在퓚多뛠小킡被늨域폲中훐的뗄具뻟体쳥矢쪸量솿量솿化뮯方랽法램，ꎬ以틔及벰如죧何뫎对뛔?EAF??튻?rWl (t) l 쪸矢量솿进뷸行탐组ퟩ织횯oꆣ?W(t) = I [= G。φ(2t)+ G1φ(2t一1)十Lw뷐zꎬ (?t?)?? J??튻??????ꆣ??튻??? ?2ꎮ.1?? 룄改进뷸的뗄码싫书쫩生짺产닺算쯣法램?ꆾ???φG(?2?t? -튻2?)??十G?3?φ(?2??t 튻?3)?? zL??B?G算쯣法램쫇是较뷏为캪常뎣폃用的뗄码싫书쫩生짺成돉算쯣法램。ꆣ该룃算쯣法램?쪽훐??ꎬ?뻹캪쪸솿싋늨웷?ꆣ?中훐닉采用폃欧얷氏쫏距뻠刻뿌画뮭两솽个룶矢쪸囊솿的뗄相쿠似쯆程돌度뛈，ꎬ좻然而뛸欧얷氏쫏距뻠?式中H，G均为矢量滤披器[lJ。?ꎮ?뛠킡늨뇤뮻훐뗄풤싋늨?不늻能쓜很뫜好뫃地뗘满싺足ퟣ要튪求쟳，ꎬ뺭经뎣常쪹使춼图쿱像믖恢复뢴뫳后的뗄边뇟操풵失쪧真헦? 多小波变换中的预掠波뛠킡늨쫇폃쪸솿싋늨웷ퟩ뛔탅뫅뷸탐럖뷢ꆢ훘?较뷏大듳。ꆣ本놾文컄用폃加볓权좨欧얷氏쫏距뻠的뗄形탎式쪽改룄进뷸L??BG?算쯣法램。ꆣ两솽?多小披是用矢量掳破精组对信号进行分解、重붨ꆣ싋늨뛔쿳뇘탫쫇싺ퟣ튻뚨튪쟳뗄쪸솿탅뫅ꆣ틲?矢쪸盘솿的뗄相쿠似쯆程돌度뛈用폃如죧下쿂方랽法램度뛈最솿;ꎺ?建。滤被对象必须是满足…定要求的矢量信号。因듋ꎬ퓚뷸탐뛠킡늨럖뷢잰뇘탫춨맽잰훃싋늨웷뛔풭쪼???ꎬ??튻??ꆪ?????ꆪ???????d(X,Y) = (X Y)TW(X Y) (6) 此，在进行多小被分解前必须通过前最撞被器对原始샫즢탅뫅뷸탐풤뒦샭뗃떽돵쪼쪸솿ꎬ좻뫳닅쓜뷸탐뛠?其웤中离散信号进行预处理得别初始矢壤，然后才能进行多훐?小킡被늨变뇤换뮻。ꆣ目쒿前잰有폐很뫜多뛠预풤捕싋、늨被方랽法램?[2.ꆣ3J?ꎬ本놾文컄采닉用폃某믹?W口Zhx…y，)…tz(rd(7)于폚低뗍颇욵近뷼似쯆的뗄预풤处뒦理샭方랽法램川?。ꆣ???ꇆ????튻??튻?ꇆ?튻???ꆣ????ꆪ?ꆪ????짨뎧?ꇪ?쫇솬탸몯쫽ꎬ폃쯼뇭쪾돟뛈몯쫽뺭욽틆?权좨值횵W?为캪陶솽矢쪸量솿相쿠减복所쯹得뗃矢쪸量솿的뗄方랽差닮。ꆣ加볓权좨后뫳，ꎬ矢쪸?设!(O是连续函数，用它表示尺度函数经平移后뫳线쿟性탔组ퟩ合뫏生짺成돉的뗄?Voꆣ空뿕间볤，ꎬ有폐:ꎺ?量솿间볤的뗄相쿠似쯆程돌度뛈得뗃到떽了쇋很뫜好뫃的뗄刻뿌圃뮭，ꎬ特쳘别뇰是쫇在퓚阁춼像쿱的뗄?뎧???ꇆ??ꆣ??튻????ꎻ???ꆪ??????边뇟缘풵上짏能쓜1쿻肖죵萌普웕通춨V?Q?算쯣法램中훐的뗄边뇟缘풵退췋化뮯。ꆣ改룄进뷸后뫳?!(t)口~(d~~~1 (t -n)十cf油2(tn)) (2) 的뗄硝싫书쫩生짺成돉算쯣法램如죧下쿂:ꎺ?设짨!?[?2?n?J?是쫇对뛔!뎧(?O??在퓚半냫醒헻数쫽点뗣的뗄采닉样퇹，有ꎬ폐:ꎺ?(??1?)쯦随믺机뗃得떽到돵初쪼始码싫书쫩Y?~?皿?{?Y?lꆣ，ꎬ川??，ꎬY?3ꆣ ,ꎬ ꆭꎬ??????튻ꎬ??ꎬ???????튻ꎬ???ꎮ?????Y?N? }? 0ꆣ，ꎬ0?表뇭放쪾首쫗次듎选뗼代듺的뗄结뷡果맻，ꎬN?为캪码싫书쫩大듳小킡。ꆣ设짨2뚨盖?![2nJ !(训，![2η+1J !(n十)(3) 平욽均뻹失쪧真헦D?(늷叩?门ꆯ튻→ꆣ∞ꆣꎬ，쯣算램法쫕收솲敛阔值횵ε?(??0?<ε??<1?)?。ꆣ?
캬웕톶 ????뫬红췢外폫与벤激맢光릤工돌程?뗚??뻭?522 第33卷?(?2?)틔以?Y?~캪为탍型탄心，ꎬ냑把통训솷媒벯集?T?S튻=?{?X?ꎬ，?X1?2ꎬꆭꎬ?폃用뾼考싇虑뗚第뛾二닣展뗄的탅信쾢息쇋了ꆣ。헢这훖种뒦处샭理랽方쪽式튻一랽方쏦面붵降뗍低쇋了?…?X?m}?틀依쿂下쪽式럖分룮割돉成뛠多룶个ퟓ子벯集ꎺ?t헻整쳥体뗄的쪸矢솿最솿最化뮯时쪱间볤，ꎬ쇭另튻一랽方쏦丽튲也붵降低뗍了쇋位캻码싫率싊。ꆣ???튻??????ꎬ??ꇜ???ꎬ????ꆭ??2H,L,2H,L S;") {X I d(X，Y)乓d(X，Y)} j1Hi~ 11是1..，(8) ?ꎬꇊ??ꆯꎬ?ꇊ?ꎬ?튻?ꎬ?ꎬꆭꎬ?????????????2H.山叫L，??????YE Yγ，X E Ts, (j = 1. 2, ,N) j ?ꎯ???????2L，H，江A2H,H, 2吗坷???볆쯣욽뻹쪧헦??뫍쿠뛔쪧헦??ꆯ?????11也떺"0.?1Hi"0. (3)计算平均失真D(川和相对失真D(育了江，F!，江#?????，2H，1f，2冉冉?D(?ω旧n}튻口???寸土2争?ꎺ轩?叫mi?in川n?d??ꎬꎬ??ꎬ?ꇊ??ꆯ????퇐??ꎯ????????I~HI l乌HI1HiH, 11毛H，节γγID(".)-D<n)I 튻υ、忡J=I?-D(n) ??(1?0)? ????lꎯ乌?H?ꎯ???1L1H2 21Hil也1Hì乌?(?4)?죧如맻果否??可?<eꇪ춣停止횹计볆算쯣，ꎬ?YF?}뻍就是쫇最ퟮ终훕码싫书쫩，ꎬ????춼쿱죽벶뛠킡늨럖뷢뗄욵싊럖늼춼?( a)图像三级多小波分解的频率分部图럱否퓲则훘重탂新볆计算쯣型탍心탄ꎺt?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????(a) Schematic of fiub-bands of 3-1evel multiwave decomposition ??튻???튻????????yurj:12(11) ꎯ?뗃得到떽新탂一튻轮싖码싫书쫩:ꎺ?nl?~l 튻?{y\?忖门ꆱ，ꎬ?yyl}，ꎬꆭ…ꎬ?。γ1)?} ꎬ,????????????ꎯ?? 늢并략返回믘步늽骤훨?(?2)?ꆣ。????ꇪ?ꆯ닺?ꎺꎺꎺꎺ??????ꏜꆪꆪ???????????????ꆤ????ꆫ??ꎮ??춼쿱뛠킡늨폲뗄쪸솿ퟩ횯???ꆮ?? 固像多小波域的矢'组织???ꆮ?????ꆤꆤ?ꏜ???ꇱꆮꇱꆮꇱꆯꇱꆮ??ꏜ?틔以죽五벶级럖分뷢解为캪例샽来살说쮵明쏷多뛠小킡波늨域폲的뗄矢쪸最솿组ퟩ织횯，ꎬ如죧?ꏜꎮ?ꎮ?ꏜꏜꎮꎮ?ꎯꎬ???춼回?l쯹所示쪾。ꆣ因춼l(???a)?쫇是回춼쿱像三죽벶级分럖뷢解뫳盾的뗄频욵率싊分럖布늼示쪾?ꎺ?21eve1 意틢图춼(?횻只뇪标힢注了쇋前잰两솽银벶)?0ꆣ H??l L??뇭쪾뗚튻벶럖뷢쪱?????ꆮꎮꏜꆮꆮ?ꆮꆤ????????ꆢꆢ?ꆮꏜꎮꆮ뛾?ꆣꎮꆮ??????????LIHj 2表示第一级分解时??数쫽뻝据쮮农욽平랽方向쿲뺭经맽过뗚第튻一룶个룟高춨通蜡싋波늨器웷后뫳又폖在퓚垂뒹直횱方랽?向쿲뺭经맽过第뗚뛾工룶个低뗍춨通싋滤榄늨웷器뗃得到떽的뗄小킡波늨系쾵数쫽。ꆣ因춼1?(??怕??( ?b)?쪸矢솿最ퟩ组成돉过맽程돌示쪾意틢图춼?쫇쪸솿뗄ퟩ횯맽돌쪾틢춼ꆣ뗚죽벶럖뷢닣뗄쎿룶쾵?????????????????????????????????????????????( b)丁heschema tic of construction of vectors 是矢量的组织过程示意图。第主级分解层的每个系数쫽对뛔应펦第뗚二뛾级벶分럖解뷢层닣间춬一튻位캻置훃上짏的뗄4?个룶相쿠关맘系쾵数쫽(?如죧?因춼l?图춼像쿱多뛠小킡波늨分럖解뷢和뫍系쾵数쫽组ퟩ织횯示쪾意틢图춼?直횱线쿟箭볽头춷所쯹示쪾)?ꆣ。쎿每一튻居닣在퓚H??，L?j ,ꎬL??,H? ?j ,ꎬH?,?H ?j (?i? ,ꎬj? 튻????ꎮ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????Fig. 1 Multiwavelet domain and the construction of coefficients 1?，ꎬ2?)?三죽个룶子ퟓ块뿩中훐由평左ퟳ到떽右폒，ꎬ평由짏上떽到쿂下依틀듎次在퓚相쿠同춬位캻置훃?上짏分럖别뇰取좡4?个룶系쾵数쫽.ꎬ뗃得到떽的뗄1?2?个룶系쾵数쫽顺쮳序탲排업列쇐组ퟩ成돉?2?ꎮ.4? 实쪵瞌퇩结뷡果맻对뛔比뇈?第뗚二죽黑닣的뗄矢쪸量솿。ꆣ同춬理샭，ꎬ뗚第뛾二닣层的뗄每쎿个룶矢쪸最솿由평4?8?个룶系쾵?用폃一튻些킩典뗤型탍的뗄닢测쫔试回춼像쿱对뛔单떥小킡披늨编뇠码싫方랽法램和뫍本놾?数쫽组ퟩ成돉。ꆣ翩쟺绒쿟箭볽头춷表뇭示쪾矢쪸髓솿的뗄组ퟩ成돉过맽程돌。ꆣ?文컄提쳡出돶的뗄쯣算램法进뷸行탐了쇋比뇈较뷏。ꆣ测닢试쫔图춼像쿱大듳小킡均뻹为캪2?5?6??2?.ꎮ3? ~뛠分럖辩뇦事싊码싫书쫩和뫍矢쪸量솿量솿化뮯?Xꇁ2?5?6?、ꆢ2?5?6?级벶灰믒皮뛈的뗄静뺲止횹图춼像쿱。ꆣ本놾文컄用폃峰럥值횵倍탅噪퓫比뇈?对뛔多뛠小킡披늨域폲中훐的뗄锦쎿个룶分럖解뷢层닣(?分럖辨뇦率싊层닣)?均뻹用폃改룄?对뛔重훘建붨困춼像쿱的뗄质훊量솿进뷸行탐客뿍观맛评움价볛。ꆣ其웤定뚨义틥为캪zꎺ?进뷸的뗄码싫书쫩生짺成돉算쯣法램生짺成돉一튻个룶阴싫书쫩，ꎬ称돆为캪多뛠分럖辨뇦率싊码싫?P?S?N?R? =튻 1?0?1??o?g(?2?5?5? Xꇁ 2?5?5?ꎯ/M?S?E?)? ??????????(dB> (12) 书쫩。ꆣ在퓚进뷸行탐矢쪸量솿量솿化뮯时쪱，ꎬ考뾼虑싇到떽W?的뗄加볓入죫使쪹得뗃矢쪸量솿?索쯷引틽生짺成돉时쪱间볤大듳大듳增퓶加볓，ꎬ为캪듋此必뇘须탫寻톰找헒降붵低뗍矢쪸量솿量솿化뮯?뷅튻?MSE = M~ 1\.: (j(i，j)才(i，j))2川쯑쯷쪱볤뗄랽램ꆣ평폚뛠킡늨럖뷢뫳룟욵쟸폲퓚늻?川一股?쓒J乏品?????搜索时间的方法。由于多小榄分解盾高频区域在不同춬分럖辨뇦率싊居닣之횮间볤具뻟有폐相쿠似쯆性탔和뫍相쿠关맘性탔的뗄特쳘点뗣，ꎬ故맊搜쯑索쯷?쪽훐?ꎬ?럖뇰캪틔쿱쯘쫽캪떥캻뗄춼쿱뗄뎤뫍?式中M，N分别为以像素数为单位的回像的长和只횻限쿞于폚最ퟮ高룟层닣的뗄高룟频욵眩쟸，ꎬ뗍低一튻级벶高룟频욵区쟸的뗄系쾵数쫽矢쪸撞솿撞솿?宽뿭;ꎻ!ꎬ(i??，ꎬj?)?，ꎬg?(?í，ꎬj?)?分럖别뇰为캪原풭罔춼像쿱和뫍恢믖复뢴回춼像쿱所쯹在퓚处뒦?化뮯时쪱直횱接뷓采닉用폃最ퟮ高룟层닣的뗄索쯷引틽结뷡果맻。ꆣ以틔三죽级벶小킡被늨变뇤快뮻?的뗄灰믒皮뛈值횵。ꆣ压톹缩쯵比뇈定뚨义틥为캪:ꎺ?为캪例샽，ꎬ在퓚第뗚二뛾恩닣、ꆢ第뗚5죽居닣上짏用폃改룄进뷸的뗄L?B?G?算쯣法램得뗃到떽各룷?mp-nBvw× A一 十whJv2-B6 日 룶닣짏뗄싫쫩뫳ꎬ뻍뿉틔횻뛔뗚죽닣룟욵쟸폲뷸탐쪸??C 튻?싼?υ-3??A-›个层上的码书后，就可以只对第二居高频阪域进行矢…、， + -B ????????????ꏜ?丛τ?ꎯ?量솿编뇠码싫。ꆣ在퓚解뷢码싫时쪱第뗚二뛾层닣用폃与폫第뗚二죽层닣相쿠同춬的뗄索쯷引틽信탅?息쾢基믹于폚第뗚工뛾层닣的뗄码싫书쫩来살进뷸行탐解뷢码싫，ꎬ这헢样퇹在퓚蝙뇠码싫时쪱就뻍不늻?式쪽中훐?B?l?为캪低뗍颇욵区쟸域폲编뇠码싫盾뫳的뗄比뇈特쳘数쫽;ꎻ也??为캪V?Q?编뇠?
캬웕톶 뗚第?5웚期?역彭쓾宁高뗈等ꎺ:춼阁쿱像뛠多킡小늨波폲域쪸矢솿量솿变뮯化닟策싔略??5?2?3? 싫码뫳后的뗄比뇈特쳘数쫽;ꎻ?B3ꆣ캪为폎游돌程뇠编싫码뫳盾뗄的比뇈쳘特쫽数。ꆣ뛔对阁춼쿱像?싫码랽方램法，ꎬ폈尤웤其쫇是뛔对몬含컆按샭酿돉成럖分뷏较뛠多的뗄?B?a?rl?】?a?r?a춼图쿱像뇠编?닉采폃用잰前쏦酣쳡提떽到뗄的풤预뒦处샭理랽方램法뷸进탐行풤预싋拙늨披뫳后再퓙进뷸行탐一죽?싫码뫜很好뫃。ꆣ?벶级?G?H?M뛠多킡小늨波럖分뷢解，ꎬ뗚第죽二벶级룷各룶个ퟓ子뿩块듳大킡小캪为?3?2ꇁX? ?3结论3?2.ꎬ뗚第뛾二벶级为캪?6?4ꇁX? 6?4ꆣ0뗍低욵频ퟓ子뿩块닉采폃用뒫传춳饶的뗄?D?P?C?M???뷡?싛?랽方램法뷸进탐行뇠编码싫，ꎬ뗚第튻一벶级룟商욵频ퟓ子뿩块닉采폃用폎游돌程뇠编싫码ꆣ。뗚第뛾二?벶提出了一种慕于多小波变换结合矢最最化的阁级ꆢ、뗚第죽二벶级럖分뇰别폃用룄改뷸进뗄的싫码쫩书짺生돉成쯣算램法짺生돉成?2룶个뛠多럖分?쳡돶쇋튻훖믹폚뛠킡늨뇤뮻뷡뫏쪸솿솿뮯뗄춼?뇦辨싊率问싫书쫩，ꎬ듳大킡小뻹均캪为?2?5?6ꆣ0뛾二벶级싫隅쫩书쎿每룶个쪸矢솿最含몬有폐?1?2?쿱像뇠编싫码쯣算램法ꆣ。샻利폃用뛠多킡小늨诚뗄的폅优솼良탔性훊质늢并뷡结뫏合룄改进뷸的뗄?룶LBG阴书生成算法和用多分辨率阴书进行矢盘量化个系쾵数쫽，ꎬ죽三벶级몬含폐有?4?8룶个쾵系쫽数。ꆣ춨通맽过뗷调헻整쪸矢솿最쯹所含몬的뗄????싫쫩짺돉쯣램뫍폃뛠럖뇦싊싫쫩뷸탐쪸솿솿뮯?쾵系쫽룶쫽틔벰싫쫩뗄듳킡ꎬ뿉틔믱뗃늻춬뗄톹쯵킧?뗄的랽方램法뛔对튻一킩些뗤典型탍的뗄测닢试쫔图춼像쿱进뷸行탐了쇋捕뇠附싫和뫍比뇈较뷏。ꆣ?数个数以及码书的大小，可以获得不同的压缩放맻ꆣ뇭?쫇쪵퇩뛔뇈뷡맻ꆣ웤훐ꎬ뗚튻쇐쫇뗤탍닢쫔?퇩验횤证쇋了룃该쯣算램法퓚在붵降뗍低캻位뇈比쳘特싊率뗄的춬问쪱时뿉可以틔뫜很뫃好地뗘改룄?果。表1j是实验对比结果。其中，第一列是典那测试춼쿱뗄쏻돆ꎻ뗚뛾쇐쫇톹쯵뗈벶ꎬ폃캻뇈쳘싊뇭쪾??ꎮ?짆善图춼쿱像的뗄훘重建붨质훊量솿，ꎬ춬同쪱时뇠编싫码킧敢맻果믹基놾本짏上폅优폚于뒫传춳统的뗄?图像的名称;第二列是压缩等级，用位比特率表示(b.?ꎮ?튻?ꎯ??ꎻ뗚죽쇐쫇뛠킡늨뷡뫏쪸솿솿뮯뇠싫뫳훘?떥单킡小被늨编뇠码싫方랽法램。ꆣ?ρ，ρ=1/C) ;第二三列是多小榄结合矢量最化编码后붨建图춼쿱像的뗄峰럥횵值信탅噪퓫比뇈ꎻp뗚第四쯄列쇐和뫍第뗚1컥i쇐.列럖分뇰别쫇是폃用뺭经뗤典?뗄的?Da?u?b?4?ꆢ、?Bí?r?o?t?h떥11在킡小늨搅뷸进탐行뇠编싫码뫳后뗄的훘重붨建춼图쿱像的뗄럥崎?닎参考뾼文컄献쿗:ꎺ?횵值탅信崛퓫比뇈?[5]?ꆣ듓从表뇭?1훐中뿉可以틔뾴看出돶，ꎬ뛠多킡小늨波뇤变뮻换폫与矢쪸量솿?솿量뮯化结뷡뫏合的뗄方랽램法草믹本놾上짏优폅于폚相쿠应펦的뗄单떥小킡被늨编뇠?[?I?J? ?G?e?ro?n? ?rn?o? ?J? ?Sꎬ. ?H?ar?d?i?n? ?D? ?Pꎬ. ?M?a?s?s?o?p?u?s?t ?P? ?Rꎮ. ?F?ra??c?ta??l ?fu?n?c?t? o?ns? ?a?nd?? ?w?a?v?e?le?t ?e?x?p?a?n?s? on??s? ?ba??附??d??o?n? ?s?e?v?e?r?al? ?s?c?a?li?n?g? ?f?u?n?c?t ?o?n?s ?[?口?.ꎮ?J? 뇭?뛠킡늨쪸솿솿뮯뫍떥킡늨뇠싫뗄쪵퇩뛔뇈?????????????????ꎬ????ꎬ?????ꎺ??ꆪ???ꎮ?of Approx . 78(3),73-401. 裴1多小波矢矗量化和单小波编码的实验对比???ꎮ????????????????????????????????????[2?J?? ?M?il?l?e?r ??ꎬ?????ꎮ?????????????????????????????ꎮ?J T. L C C. Adaptive rnultiwavelet initialization [J]. Comparison of MD飞VT+ VQ and single ??????????????????????????????ꎬ????ꎬ??????ꎺ????ꆪ????ꎮ?IEEE Trans on Signal Processing. < 12) :3282-3292.民D??W?T? ?c?o?d?i?n?g? ?m?e?t?ho?d??s? [?3?J? ?Xi?a ??X? ?G.ꎬ ?Ge?r?o?n?i?rn?o? J?.ꎬ ?S?u?te??r? ?B.ꎮ ?D?e?si?gn?? o?f? ?p?r?e?f? lte?r?s? ?fo?r? ?d?is?c?r?e?te?? T?e?s??t ?rna?g?e? ??b.ꎮ户?.ꎮ户??M??D?W?T?+V?Q?? 。??au?b?4??日?ì?r?ot?h???rn?u?lti?wa?v?e?l?e?t t?r?a?n?s?f?o?r?r?n?s [?J?J?.ꎮ I?E?E??E? T?r?a?n?s? ?on?? S??ign?a??l ?P?ro??c?e?s?s?in?gꎬ.? L??en?a?? ?Oꎮ. 5?? 3??5ꎮ.6?9?? 3?4?ꎮ.8?9?? ?35?ꎮ.7?2?? 1??9?9?6ꎬ.?4?4?(]?)? ꎺ?????ꎮ?,25-35. L??en?a?? 0?ꎮ.2?5?? 3?2?.ꎮ 2?8? ?3?1?.ꎮ 5?6? ?3??2ꎮ.2?4?? [?4?J? ?V?? ??????ꎮ??????????ꎺ???????????????????????ꎮ??ꎻ?Strela V. Mult wavelets: theory and appl cation [D]. US: B?a?r?b?a?r?a? ?0?ꎮ.5?? 2??6ꎮ.6?0?? 2?4?ꎮ.2?9?? ??ꎮ???24. 10 M??I?T.ꎬ ????ꎮ?1996. ?B?a?rb??ar?a?? 0?ꎮ.2?5?? 2?4?.ꎮ ?71? ?2?2?ꎮ.5?2?? 2?2?ꎮ.4?0?? [?5?J? 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[?J?]?.ꎮ I??EE?应??T?r?an?s??on?? ?IP?.ꎬ 2??0?0?0ꎬ.?9?(2??):ꎺ 1?8?4?-ꆪ1?8?8?.ꎮ? ，，--’-" .. 町，咱'1<......崎I.........，I......."'I"......"II..".~.，"".-"II"画句"如咐''''''''''''10'-''"，."峭.，，".....'.，1'.咐'四"时.".."1111"耐111"，-1"".-明，...-""'10，.-而"""'.'''，，，.叫协......"，阳.-.，11......"咐11......."."，.叫，，，川11....... 町目，...""’" ~"目，..响"1.-~I"恨'冈州，，，.'町"1"~"II" .'11"""时...川川"，'''，，，，，，叫叫，."."'......""..町"11，，"町..，ρ"，"，.睛"阳l(?짏上뷓接第뗚5?1?5?页튳)?度뛈修탞正헽，ꎬ뿉可폐有킧效놣保쇴留늢井퓶增强잿图춼像쿱局뻖部늿细쾸节뷚，ꎬ춼图像쿱视쫓觉뻵?[??J?ꎮ]뫬.췢红外폫与벤激맢光릤工程돌.ꎬ?2?0?0?3.ꎬ3?2?(?2?)?:1ꎺ?6?7?-ꆪ1?6?9?.ꎮ ?킧맻쏷쿔룄짆ꆣ룃랽램폈웤쫊뫏풭춼횱랽춼믒뛈닣????퇮뇘커ꎬ맹쿾쯉ꎬ췵뿋뻼ꎬ뗈ꎮ믹폚횱랽춼럇쿟탔삭짬뗄뫬췢춼?[2J 杨必武.郭晓松.二E克望在.等.基于1革方00非线性投仰的红外阁效果明显改善。该方法尤其适合原因直方因灰皮层듎뇈뷏럡뢻ꎬ떫믒뛈럖늼쪧뫢뗄춼쿱ꆣ뛔횱랽춼럖늼?像쿱增퓶强잿新탂算쯣法램[J??J?ꎮ.뫬红췢外폫与벤激맢光工릤程돌.ꎬ?2?0?03?ꎬ.3?2?(?1?)?:1ꎺ?-ꆪ3?.ꎮ? 次比较丰富，但灰皮分布失衡的困像。对直方因分布뇈뷏벯훐ꆢ떫늿럖횱랽춼럖늼캪쇣뗄춼쿱ꎬ평폚???[?3?J? 玉췵龙쇺.ꎬ汪췴夭쳬富뢻，ꎬ郑횣国닽琼쟭，ꎬ等뗈aꎮ篆믹于폚灰믒皮뛈直횱方랽图춼均뻹衡뫢的뗄跑뎬向짹医튽学톧图춼像쿱?比较集中、但部分直方图分布为霉的图像，由于HE뒦샭폐삩햹믒뛈릦쓜ꎬ틲듋믒뛈벶듎뫏늢뇈뷏짙ꎬ춼?增퓶强잿方랽法램[J???]ꎮ.쯄四뒨?川듳大톧学톧学报놨(?릤工程돌科뿆学톧版냦)?.ꎬ2?0?0?2? .ꎬ3?4?(? 1?)?:ꎺ 1?0?5?-ꆪ1?0?8?.ꎮ ?处理有扩展灰皮功能，因此灰皮级次合并比较少，图쿱쾸뷚쯰쪧뷏짙ꎬ펦폃놾랽램뒦샭뗄뇘튪탔늻듳ꆣ폫?[?4?J? P?i?ze?r? 日?.ꎮA?d?a?p?t?i?ve? ?h?i?st?og?r?a?rn? ?e?q?u?a?l?iz?a?t?i?on? ?a?n?d? ???????????????ꎮ?its variations[J]. 像细节损失较少，应用本方法处理的必要性不大。与?????ꎬ????ꎬ?????ꎺ???ꆪ???ꎮ?웤쯻샠쯆쯣램쿠뇈ꎬ놾랽램횻뒦샭늿럖춼쿱쫽뻝ꎬ뛸?CVGIP. (3) :355-368. 其他类似算法相比，本方法只处理部分困像数据，而???퇮듊틸ꎬ믆솮쟤ꎮ믹폚쏝몯쫽뗄볓좨ퟔ쫊펦횱랽춼뻹뫢???ꎮ맢?쟒쯣램뇈뷏볲뷠ꎬ죝틗쪵쿖ꎬ볆쯣솿킡ꎬ뇣폚쪵쪱?[5J 杨词银，黄廉卿，篆于帮函数的加权臼适应直方图均衡[JJ.光且算法比较简洁，容易实现，计算量小，便于实时电뗧子ퟓ·ꆤ激벤光맢.ꎬ2?0?0?2?.ꎬ1?3?日??)?:ꎺ5?1?5?-?5?1?7.?ꎮ?处뒦理샭。ꆣ????????????????ꎮ???????ꆪ????????????????????????????????[6 J Paranjape仅-neighborhood histograrn equalization f?or? ?ir?na?g?e? ?e?n?h?a?n?c?e?r?ne?n?t? [?J?J?.ꎮ C?V?G?I?P?,ꎬ 1?9?9?2?.ꎬ5?4?(?3?)? ，ꎺ2?5?9?-ꆪ2?6?7?帽ꎮ?닎뾼컄쿗ꎺ?[?7?J? L?e?e? ?J?o?n?g?s?a?n?. ꎮD?i?gi?ta?l ?i?rna?g?e? e?n?h?a?n?c?e?r?ne?n?t? a?n?d? ?n?o?is?e? ?f?il?t?er?i?鸣??b?y??参考文献:u?s?in?g? ?o?f? l?oc?a?l ?s?t?a?t?is?t?i?cs?[?J?J?.ꎮ P?A?M?I?-?1.ꎬ1?9?8?0?.ꎬ2?(?2?)? ,ꎺ1?6?5?-ꆪ1?6?8?. ꎮ?[?8?J? ?宋쯎刚룕，ꎬ如쇵j璐퇾华뮪.ꎮ一튻种훖能쓜强잿化뮯细쾸节뷚的自뗄适ퟔ应쫊应펦方횱朗랽均춼衡뻹法[뫢J램]??.?ꎮ山즽?[?I?J? 邓뗋忘횾鹏，ꎬ许탭丽샶敏쏴，ꎬ杨퇮杰뷜，ꎬ等뗈，ꎮ蓦믹于폚1횱军랽方图춼相쿠关맘的뗄图춼像쿱灰믒皮뛈校킣正헽?东뚫工릤业튵大듳学톧学톧报놨.ꎬ1?9?9?9?.ꎬ2?9?(?1?)?，ꎺ8?1?-?8?5?ꎮ?
