뗚25뻭ꆡ뗚9웚ꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡ벼ꆡ쫵ꆡ뺭ꆡ볃ꆡꆡꆡꆡ,쓪ꆡ9퓂ꆡꆡTechnologyEconomꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡicsSep.,2006컄헂뇠뫅:1002-980X(2006)09-0038-04쿖듺뺭볃뮷뺳쿂뗄ퟔ좻슢뛏닺튵벰웤뇟뷧슷헽쓏1,췵헽쏷2(11쓏뺩샭릤듳톧,쓏뺩210094;21붭쯕듳톧,쓏뺩212013)ꆡꆡ햪튪:쿖듺췸싧탍뺭볃뗄랢햹,쪹ퟔ좻슢뛏(NaturalMonopoly)뗄쳘탔랢짺ퟅ훘듳뇤뮯,췸싧킧펦(NetworkEx2ternalities)풽랢돉캪뻶뚨ퟔ좻슢뛏뗄훘튪풭틲ꆣ춬쪱,췸싧킧펦뮹벫듳뗘룄뇤ퟅퟔ좻슢뛏닺튵뗄뇟뷧,쪹횮뒦퓚튻룶뚯첬뗄뇤뮯맽돌훐,헾뢮맦훆(GovernmentRegulation)룄룯뇘탫쫊펦헢훖뇤뮯뛸뷸탐벰쪱뗄뗷헻ꆣ맘볼듊:ퟔ좻슢뛏;뇟뷧;췸싧킧펦훐춼럖샠뫅:F06219ꆡꆡ컄쿗뇪횾싫:Aꆡꆡퟔ좻슢뛏쫇헾뢮맦훆뗄튻룶훘튪샭평ꆣ쯦ퟅ뺭킡,듓뛸떼훂욽뻹돉놾쯦ퟅ닺솿뗄퓶볓뛸돖탸쿂붵,볃쳥훆룄룯뗄늻뛏췆뷸,퓚뺭샺쇋엠폽뫍랢햹쫐뎡듓뛸탎돉죧춼1쯹쪾뗄뇟볊돉놾MC뫍욽뻹돉놾뺺헹훷쳥ꆢ췆뷸맺폐웳튵룄룯ꆢ붨솢뫍췪짆쫐뎡훆뛈AC뚼뗝복뗄돉놾쳘탔,쟒MC킡폚ACꆣ뗄붥뷸쪽룄룯횮뫳,ퟔ좻슢뛏닺튵ꆢ릫릲닺욷폐킧릩룸틔벰헾뢮맦훆폅뮯컊쳢ퟟ짏쇋쫐뎡뮯룄룯뗄잰첨,돉캪ꆰ쳥훆퓙퓬ꆱ맽돌훐폖튻룶벱탨릥뿋뗄놤생ꆣ퇐뺿쿖듺뺭볃뮷뺳쿂ퟔ좻슢뛏폫ퟔ좻슢뛏닺튵뗄쳘탔ꆢ헽좷뷧뚨ퟔ좻슢뛏닺튵뗄뇟뷧ퟔ좻돉캪톰쟳헾뢮맦훆룄룯폐킧춾뺶뗄훘튪샭싛틀뻝ꆣ튻ꆢ쿖듺뺭볃뮷뺳쿂뗄ퟔ좻슢뛏벰웤돉틲춼1ꆡ맦쒣뺭볃쿂뗄짺닺돉놾쟺쿟ꆡꆡퟔ좻슢뛏늻춬폚탐캪슢뛏(뫏쒱)ꆢ탐헾슢뛏뗈뛾쫇뻞듳뗄돁쎻돉놾,벴평폚짺닺벼쫵뫍짺닺슢뛏탎쪽,쫇평폚벼쫵ꆢ쫐뎡뗈뿍맛틲쯘뗄릲춬ퟷ쇬폲쳘쫢탔뗄펰쿬,짺닺맽돌늻뷶탨튪듳솿뗄짨놸폃뫍믹뒡짨쪩춶죫,뛸쟒헢킩춶죫뻟폐잿쇒뗄닺,떼훂떥룶웳튵짺닺좫늿닺욷뗄돉놾ퟮ뗍,뷸뛸퓬돉튻룶웳튵믲벫짙쫽웳튵뛀햼쫐뎡뗄튻훖ꆰퟔ좻뗄ꆱ폃탔,놾튻떩춶죫뻍뫜쓑ퟷ쯻폃,죴튪췋돶,헢뺭볃쿖쿳ꆣ뒫춳샭싛춨뎣듓맦쒣뺭볃닣쏦짏살샭뷢킩놾뇣믡ꆰ돁쎻ꆱ뛸퓬돉뻞듳뗄쯰쪧ꆣ돁쎻돉놾웰ퟔ좻슢뛏,죏캪ퟔ좻슢뛏뗄믹놾쳘헷듳훂냼삨솽룶풴폚잿쇒뗄닺폃탔,헢폫춶쇬폲뫍벼쫵쳵볾랽쏦쏜쟐쿠맘ꆣ뻞듳뗄돁쎻돉놾릹훾쇋뷏룟뗄뷸죫/췋:튻쫇맦쒣뺭볃,벴짺닺뗄욽뻹돉놾쯦ퟅ닺솿뗄돶뇚생,듓뛸틽웰ퟔ좻슢뛏ꆣ퓶볓뛸돖탸쿂붵,짺닺맦쒣풽듳돉놾풽킡,듓뛸냑쒳짏쫶뛔ퟔ좻슢뛏뗄샭뷢쫇붨솢퓚ퟔ좻슢뛏뎧짌훖닺욷좫늿붻룸튻볒슢뛏웳튵살짺닺,뛔짧믡살쮵횻쳡릩떥튻닺욷믲럾컱뗄볙뚨믹뒡횮짏뗄,죧맻붫ퟜ돉놾ퟮ킡ꆣ맦쒣뺭볃튻냣폫닺욷돉놾뷡릹쳘헷폐쫓튰삩햹떽뛠닺욷(럾컱)릩룸뗄ힴ첬,랶캧뺭볃퓲맘돉캪뷢쫍ퟔ좻슢뛏뗄훘튪릤뻟:평폚뛠닺욷짺닺맽:죧맻만뚨돉놾퓚ퟜ돉놾훐쯹햼뇈훘뷏듳,쓇쎴욽뻹짺닺돉놾뻍훷튪좡뻶폚떥캻만뚨돉놾뗄뇤뮯,짺돌횮볤뗄쿠뮥틀삵ꆢ쿠뮥ퟷ폃,벴쪹퓚짺닺맽돌훐쎻닺맦쒣풽듳만뚨돉놾럖첯떽떥캻닺욷짏뗄럝뛮뻍풽폐맽쪣뗄짺닺쓜솦뫍뿉틔릲쿭뗄춶죫,튲쓜쪹뛠훖쫕룥죕웚:2006-05-30ퟷ헟볲뷩:슷헽쓏(1960-),쓐,붭쯕뎣훝죋,쓏뺩샭릤듳톧늩쪿짺,뷌쫚,훷튪듓쫂닺튵뺭볃퇐뺿;췵헽쏷(1964-),쓐,붭쯕헲붭죋,붭쯕듳톧뢱뷌쫚,훷튪듓쫂릫릲뺭볃퇐뺿ꆣ38' 1994-2009 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
ꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡ쿖듺뺭볃뮷뺳쿂뗄ퟔ좻슢뛏닺튵벰웤뇟뷧닺욷솪뫏짺닺뇈떥닺욷뛀솢짺닺뻟폐룼뗍뗄돉놾,뺭볃랢햹뗄튻룶훘튪쳘헷,풵폚뷡릹킧펦뗄췸싧킧ퟮ훕쪹떥룶웳튵슢뛏쫐뎡뗄짧믡돉놾ퟮ킡,ퟔ좻슢펦ퟔ좻돉캪뷢쫍ퟔ좻슢뛏돉틲뗄쪮럖훘튪뗄릤뻟ꆣ뛏퓲쫇뫏샭뗄ꆣ퓚듋믹뒡짏,Baumol뫍Sharkey뗈췸싧킧펦ꆲ1ꆳ튲돆캪췸싧췢늿탔믲탨쟳맦쒣뺭톧헟뷸튻늽쳡돶,ퟔ좻슢뛏ퟮ믹놾뗄쳘헷펦룃쫇웤볃,쫇횸쿻럑헟퓚쿻럑쒳훖닺욷쪱쯹믱뗃뗄킧폃믡돉놾몯쫽뗄쇓볓탔(Subadditivity),벴튻볒웳튵쳡릩쯦ퟅ릺싲헢훖닺욷뗄웤쯻쿻럑헟뗄쫽솿퓶볓뛸퓶닺욷뇈뛠볒웳튵쳡릩닺욷룼폐킧싊ꆣ볓ꆣ쎷샯뾨럲램퓲(MetcalfeLaw)탎쿳뗘쮵쏷쇋췸쪵볊짏,평맦쒣뺭볃뫍랶캧뺭볃틽웰뗄ퟔ좻슢싧킧펦ꆲ2ꆳ:퓚튻룶쮫쿲붻틗뗄췸싧훐,췸싧뗄볛횵뛏뿉틔맩뷡캪돉놾몯쫽뗄쇓볓탔ꆣ쫗쿈,랶캧뺭볃(킧싊)폫췸싧뷚뗣(폃뮧)쫽솿뗄욽랽돉헽뇈,벴떱놾짭뻍쫇폃돉놾쇓볓탔살뚨틥뗄ꆣ짨ퟜ닺솿Q=튻룶탂돉풱볓죫뷚뗣쫽(폃뮧쫽)캪n뗄췸싧뫳,췸ꇆnꇆm싧뷚뗣삩듳캪n+1,쯻늻뷶뿉틔뛔웤쯻n룶돉풱랢qij,웤훐qij캪뗚i볒웳튵뗚j훖닺욷뗄닺솿ꆣi=1j=1짺붻틗쟫쟳,튲뿉틔뷓쫜웤쯻돉풱뗄붻틗(횻튪췸싧죧맻듦퓚랶캧뺭볃,쓇쎴돉놾몯쫽뻍싺ퟣC(Q)<죝솿ퟣ틔죝쓉헢킩붻틗뛸늻돶쿖펵벷),헢퇹룃췸싧ꇆn붻틗뗄ퟜ솿(췸싧볛횵)뇣믡쯦뷚뗣(폃뮧)쫽뗄퓶C(q)ij,벴C(Q)뇘뚨돊쿖쇓볓탔쳘헷:헻쳥킡i=1볓뛸돊벸뫎벶쫽퓶뎤뗄쟷쫆,폃릫쪽뇭쪾:폚떥룶횮뫍,ퟔ좻슢뛏쫇뫏샭뗄ꆣ떫랴맽살,돉놾쇓V=2kꇁnꇁ(n-1)=k(n-n)볓탔늻튻뚨쫇랶캧뺭볃쯹퓬돉뗄,맦쒣뺭볃튲쫇웤쪽훐,V캪췸싧뗄볛횵;k캪튻듎췸싧붻틗뛔폃풭틲횮튻ꆣ뗚뛾,맦쒣뺭볃튲뿉틔ퟔ좻뗘맩뷡캪돉놾뮧뗄볛횵,짨캪뎣쫽;n캪뷚뗣(폃뮧)쫽ꆣ쇓볓탔쳵볾ꆣ맦쒣뺭볃튪쟳욽뻹돉놾뗝복,벴C(q)i죴k=1,떱n=10쪱췸싧볛횵캪90;떱n삩qi듳10놶뗈폚100쪱,췸싧볛횵퓲캪9900,삩듳쇋C(q<iꇤ)(q110놶ꆣ쿔좻,맦쒣뺭볃폫랶캧뺭볃늢늻쓜ퟷ캪뷢qiꇤi<qiꇤ)ꆣ평폚qi<Q=ꇆnqi,퓚맦쒣i=1쫍탅쾢쪱듺ퟔ좻슢뛏돉틲뗄튻냣릤뻟,췸싧킧펦닅뺭볃쳵볾쿂(욽뻹돉놾뗝복)뇘폐C(Q)C(q)iQ<,q쫇뷢쫍떱듺뺭볃쳵볾쿂ퟔ좻슢뛏돉틲뗄폐킧릤뻟ꆣi쫗쿈,듓돉놾몯쫽뾴,췸싧뷡릹룄뇤쇋맦쒣뺭볃벴C(q)i>C(Q)Qqi,쟳뫍뿉뗃ꇆnC(q)i>뗄돉놾쳘탔:평폚췸싧붨짨뗄만뚨돉놾뻞듳,쪹욽뻹i=1돉놾쟺쿟뗄캻훃웕뇩룟폚맦쒣뺭볃,늢쟒뇈맦쒣뺭C(Q)ꇆnqi/Q,벴ꇆnC(q)i>C(Q),맊맦쒣뺭볃i=1i=1볃룼볓뚸쟍,쿂붵쯙뛈룼뿬;평폚췸싧쪹폃뗄뿉뇤돉뇘뚨싺ퟣ돉놾쇓볓탔쳵볾ꆣ떫쫇,평돉놾쇓볓탔늢놾벫웤뗍솮,듓뛸쪹뇟볊돉놾쟺쿟뗄캻훃쏷쿔뗍폚늻튻뚨쓜릻뗃돶욽뻹돉놾뗝복뗄뷡싛,틲캪짏쫶췆맦쒣뺭볃,풽랢폫뫡훡쳹뷼(죧춼),듓뛸쪹ퟔ좻슢뛏떼랴맽살쿔좻쫇늻쓜돉솢뗄ꆣ평듋뿉틔뾴돶:맦쒣뗄뿕볤맦쒣듳듳삩헅ꆣ뺭볃ꆢ랶캧뺭볃뿉틔틽웰ퟔ좻슢뛏,떫ퟔ좻슢뛏늻튻뚨쫇욽뻹돉놾쿂붵,횻튪싺ퟣ돉놾쇓볓탔쳵볾ퟔ좻슢뛏뻍쫇뫏샭뗄ꆣ좻뛸,쯦ퟅ떱듺뿆톧벼쫵뗄뷸늽ꆢ췸싧뺭볃뗄랢햹,틔벰쿖듺뺭볃뮷뺳쿂ퟔ좻슢뛏쇬폲룄룯뗄늻뛏짮뮯,쳘뇰쫇컷랽랢듯맺볒퓚뒫춳ퟔ좻슢뛏쇬폲럅쯉맜훆뫍틽죫뺺헹뗄쪵볹,뒫춳ퟔ좻슢뛏샭싛쏦쇙ퟅ탂뗄쳴햽:퓚춬퇹듦퓚맦쒣뺭볃ꆢ랶캧뺭볃뫍돉놾쇓볓탔뗄쳵볾쿂,캪쪲쎴폐뗄ퟔ좻슢뛏쇬폲뿉틔틽죫뺺헹,폐뗄퓲늻탐?캪쪲쎴쿖쪵훐탭뛠맦쒣뺭볃ꆢ춼2ꆡ췸싧뺭볃폫맦쒣뺭볃뗄돉놾쟺쿟뇈뷏랶캧뺭볃뇭쿖돶즫뗄쇬폲좴늢쎻폐탎돉ퟔ좻슢뛏춼훐ACꆢACꆯ럖뇰뇭쪾맦쒣뺭볃뫍췸싧뺭볃쳵볾쿂뗄?쏦뛔헢킩컊쳢,탨튪뛔뒫춳뗄ퟔ좻슢뛏샭싛뷸탐뒴욽뻹돉놾쟺쿟,MCꆢMCꆯ럖뇰뇭쪾맦쒣뺭볃뫍췸싧뺭볃쳵탂볾쿂뗄뇟볊돉놾쟺쿟ꆣ,탎돉탂뗄쓜릻뷢쫍탅쾢쪱듺ퟔ좻슢뛏돉틲늢췆뚯ퟔ좻슢뛏닺튵룄룯뗄폐솦릤뻟ꆣ웤듎,듓짺닺몯쫽뾴,췸싧뷡릹룄뇤쇋뒫춳뗄뺭컒쏇죏캪,췸싧탍뺭볃뗄톸쯙랢햹틑돉캪쿖듺볃퓶뎤랽쪽:뒫춳뺭볃퓶뎤ퟱ톭뗄쫇뇟볊쫕틦뗝복39' 1994-2009 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
벼쫵뺭볃ꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡ뗚25뻭ꆡ뗚9웚뗄믹놾맦싉,쯤좻맦쒣뺭볃뿉틔퓚죎뫎뺭볃뷡릹훐폐뛔뺺헹쯹듸살뗄돉놾뷚풼폫슢뛏쯹듸살뗄맦쒣뺭닺짺,떫뇘좻뻖쿞퓚튻뚨뗄맦쒣랶캧쓚,뎬돶튻뚨뗄볃ꆢ랶캧뺭볃틔벰돉놾듎뿉볓탔떼훂뗄돉놾뷚풼횮랶캧맦쒣뺭볃뇣믡쿻쪧,뒫춳뺭볃쯆뫵횤쏷ꆰ킡뗄ퟜ볤뗄듳킡뷸탐럖컶뫍뇈뷏,커뛏뗘죏뚨슢뛏폅폚뺺쫇뫃뗄ꆱ;뛸췸싧뺭볃춻웆쇋뒫춳뗄뺭볃퓶뎤랽쪽,헹ꆱꆲ4ꆳ,튲뻍쫇쮵,퓚틔췹뺭볃톧볒쯹짨뚨뗄쒣탍돊쿖돶횸쫽쪽뗄퓶뎤쳘헷:맦쒣풽듳킧틦풽룟ꆣ췸훐,좱짙쇋뛔ퟔ좻슢뛏뫍ퟔ평뺺헹뛾헟뿉쓜듸살뗄싧ퟷ캪평뛠룶뷚뗣뫍솬뷓릹돉뗄췸ힴ쾵춳,웤볛횵쫕틦폫돉놾뷸탐뇈뷏럖컶헢튻훘튪뮷뷚ꆣ늻뷶좡뻶폚췸싧튪쯘(뷚뗣)뗄쫽솿뫍훊솿(쎷샯뾨ퟔ좻슢뛏뗄ꆰퟔ좻탔ꆱ듦퓚폚튻뚨뮷뺳믲쳵볾횮럲램퓲쮵쏷쇋췸싧뷚뗣뗄쫽솿폫췸싧볛횵횮볤돊쿖쿂,맦쒣뺭볃ꆢ랶캧뺭볃쯹틽웰뗄돉놾쇓볓탔,췸싧돶럇쿟탔뗄헽쿠맘맘쾵),뮹좡뻶폚췸싧뷡릹뗄샠뺭볃쯹닺짺뗄췸싧킧펦뚼쫇폐쳵볾뗄,뮷뺳믲쳵볾탍,췸싧뷡릹풽뢴퓓웤럅듳킧펦튲뻍풽잿ꆣꆰ뒫떼믺뗄룄뇤뇘좻쪹ퟔ좻슢뛏뒦폚뚯첬뗄뇤뮯맽돌훐ꆣ쪵훆럅듳쮵ꆱꆰꆢ헽뢺랴삡쮵ꆱ뫍ꆰ췸싧킭춬싛ꆱ뚼듓늻춬볊짏,튻룶닺튵쫇럱쫴폚ퟔ좻슢뛏늻뷶좡뻶폚짺닺뷇뛈랴펳뫍뿌뮭쇋헢훖췸싧킧펦ꆣ춬쪱,쒪뛻뚨싉몯쫽뗄탔훊,탨쟳(쿻럑)춬퇹웰ퟅ훘튪ퟷ폃ꆣ룹뻝(MooreꆯsLaw)쯹뷒쪾뗄탅쾢벼쫵뗄릦쓜폫볛룱횮ퟔ좻슢뛏튻듊훐ꆰퟔ좻ꆱ뗄뚨틥,튻볒웳튵쫇럱ퟔ좻볤뗄맘쾵ꆪꆪꆪ벼쫵풽랢햹췸싧붨짨뗄돉놾뻍풽뗍슢뛏쫇평쫐뎡훐뻟놸헢킩쳵볾뗄맑춷웳튵횮볤뗄뺺ꆪꆪꆪ룼뷸튻늽잿뮯쇋췸싧킧펦뗄ퟷ폃ꆣ췸싧킧펦잿헹맽돌뻶뚨뗄,쿻럑헟뗄톡퓱ꆢ욫뫃폫탨쟳맦쒣뗄뇤뮯쇋ퟔ좻슢뛏뗄믹뒡,췸싧맦쒣삩듳늻뷶뿉쓜붵뗍뮯,틔벰살ퟔ릩룸랽쏦뗄벼쫵뷸늽ꆢ돉놾뇤뮯뗈틲쯘떥캻욽뻹돉놾,뛸쟒뿉쓜닺짺뗝퓶뗄뇟볊쫕틦,듓뛸뚼믡룄뇤ퟔ좻슢뛏뗄ꆰ잿뛈ꆱꆢ뿉캬돖탔폫랶캧ꆣ풽뿉쓜틽웰ퟔ좻슢뛏ꆣ뛾ꆢퟔ좻슢뛏닺튵벰웤뇟뷧뗄뚯첬쳘헷ꆰ닺튵ꆱ쫇횸뻟폐쒳샠릲춬쳘탔뗄웳튵벯뫏,뻟놸쒳훖릲춬쳘탔쫇붫웳튵뮮럖캪늻춬닺튵뗄믹ힼꆣ뛔ퟔ좻슢뛏닺튵뛸퇔,쯤좻ퟔ좻슢뛏쫇쟸럖ퟔ좻슢뛏닺튵뗄믹놾틀뻝,떫ퟔ좻슢뛏폫ퟔ좻슢뛏닺튵헢솽룶룅쓮뮹쫇폐쟸뇰뗄:ퟔ좻슢뛏춨뎣쫇뛔쫐뎡뷡릹믲ힴ첬뗄튻훖쏨쫶,뇭쏷쒳룶웳튵믲벫짙쫽웳튵춼3ꆡ쫐뎡탨쟳폫ퟔ좻슢뛏뗄잿뛈평폚벼쫵ꆢ쫐뎡ꆢퟩ횯뷡릹뗈랽쏦틲쯘뗄펰쿬뛸ꆰퟔ죧춼3,떱탨쟳쟺쿟D1쿠붻폚뇟볊돉놾쟺쿟좻뗘ꆱ뒦퓚폫쫐뎡뺺헹ힴ첬늻춬뗄슢뛏ힴ첬횮훐;뛸MCퟮ뗍뗣A뗄ퟳ뇟쟸볤,쯦ퟅ닺솿퓶볓MC뗝복,ퟔ좻슢뛏닺튵퓲쫇뛔뒦퓚ퟔ좻슢뛏ힴ첬훐뗄닺튵랶AC튲튻뚨쿂붵,쟒MC킡폚AC,죴내뇟볊돉놾뚨캧뗄뷧뚨,쯤좻튲폫ퟔ좻슢뛏횱뷓쿠맘,떫쯼쫗쿈쫇볛웳튵늻뷶늻쓜믱샻,랴뛸믡돶쿖뿷쯰,탨튪헾뢮뷸뛔닺튵랶캧(쓄킩퓚ퟔ좻슢뛏뗄랶캧훐,쓄킩퓚ퟔ평탐볛룱맦훆(춨뎣내욽뻹돉놾뚨볛),잱퓚뺺헹헟컞뺺헹뗄랶캧훐)뗄뮮럖믲뷧뚨ꆣ듓헢튻뗣럖컶,ퟔ좻틢뷸죫,웳튵뒦퓚ꆰ잿ퟔ좻슢뛏ꆱힴ첬;떱쫐뎡탨쟳삩슢뛏횻폐뇪ힼ컊쳢,쎻폐뇟뷧컊쳢,춨뎣쯹쮵뗄ꆰퟔ듳뛸짺닺몯쫽늻뇤쪱,탨쟳쟺쿟틆훁D2,폫뇟볊돉좻슢뛏뇟뷧ꆱ쪵볊짏펦떱쫇ꆰퟔ좻슢뛏닺튵뇟뷧ꆱ뗄놾쟺쿟MCퟮ뗍뗣A뗄폒뇟ꆢ욽뻹돉놾쟺쿟ACퟮ볲돆ꆣ뗍뗣B뗄ퟳ뇟쟸볤쿠붻,헢쪱AC틀좻쿂붵(죔좻뒦ퟔ좻슢뛏뗄ꆰퟔ좻탔ꆱ쪹ퟔ좻슢뛏닺튵뗄뇟뷧뻟퓚맦쒣뺭볃쟸볤)떫MC짏짽늢훰늽뷓뷼AC,벴내폐쏷쿔뗄뿍맛탔,펦떱틀뻝쏷좷뗄ꆢ럇죋캪뗄뿍맛틀뇟볊돉놾뚨볛웳튵뿷쯰ힴ첬붫훰늽룄짆,웳튵뒦퓚뻝살뮮럖ꆣ뒫춳ퟔ좻슢뛏샭싛퓚헢랽쏦뗄퇐뺿듦퓚듓ꆰ잿ퟔ좻슢뛏ꆱ쿲ꆰ죵ퟔ좻슢뛏ꆱ뮻맽돌훐;떱탨ퟅ튻킩잷좱ꆢ늻ퟣ짵훁늻릻퇏뷷뗄뗘랽,폐뗄튲탭쫇쟳뷸튻늽삩헅,탨쟳쟺쿟틆훁D3,늢폫뇟볊돉놾쟺커뛏뗄ꆣꆰ벸뫵쯹폐뗄뺭볃톧볒뚼듦퓚튻룶릲춬뗄쿟MC뫍욽뻹돉놾쟺쿟AC뗄춬쪱짏짽뗄쟸볤쿠쪧컳:퓚룸뚨뗄ퟔ좻슢뛏샭싛쒣탍훐,쯻쏇뷶뷶싛횤붻,듋쪱MC듳폚AC,쪹내뇟볊돉놾뚨볛뗄웳튵쓜쇋슢뛏뿉쓜듸살뗄맦쒣뺭볃ꆢ랶캧뺭볃뫍돉놾듎뿉릻펯샻,듓뛸컼틽잱퓚뺺헹헟뷸죫쫐뎡,웳튵뷸죫뿉볓탔,늢평듋췆떼돶ퟔ좻슢뛏뗄뷡싛살,췪좫쎻폐럖뺺헹ힴ첬믲헟뺺헹뷗뛎ꆣ틲듋,ퟔ좻슢뛏듦퓚폚킧컶퓚룃쒣탍훐죧맻틽뷸뺺헹뿉쓜듸살뗄킧싊,룼쎻싊닺솿(평뇟볊돉놾쟺쿟뫍쫐뎡탨쟳쟺쿟쯹뻶뚨뗄40' 1994-2009 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
ꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡ쿖듺뺭볃뮷뺳쿂뗄ퟔ좻슢뛏닺튵벰웤뇟뷧닺솿)랶캧쓚,떱평쫐뎡탨쟳뗈틲쯘뻶뚨뗄킧싊닺솿뗄튻훖뻹뫢ힴ첬,컒쏇뷨폃폐킧뺺헹(Workable랢짺뇤뮯쪱,ퟔ좻슢뛏닺튵뗄뇟뷧튲뇘좻룄뇤ꆣCompetition)뗄룅쓮뛔헢훖ힴ첬룸폨듳훂뗄뫢솿뫍늻뷶쫐뎡탨쟳믡틽웰ퟔ좻슢뛏닺튵뇟뷧뇤뚯,쏨쫶ꆣ쯹캽폐킧뺺헹,뻍쫇평떼훂ퟔ좻슢뛏뗄맦쒣릩룸랽쏦뗄틲쯘죧벼쫵뷸늽튲믡룄뇤풭폐뗄ퟔ좻슢뺭볃ꆢ랶캧뺭볃ꆢ돉놾쇓볓뫍췸싧킧펦뗈틲쯘뫍뻶뚨뛏쳘탔,뷸뛸틽웰ퟔ좻슢뛏닺튵뗄뇟뷧랢짺뇤뮯ꆣ쫐뎡뺺헹믮솦뗄폐맘틲쯘폐믺뷡뫏ꆢ릲춬ퟷ폃,듓뛸쫗쿈,벼쫵뷸늽붫믡룄뇤웳튵뗄ퟮ킡폐킧맦쒣ꆣ떱쪹뺭볃킧싊듯떽ퟮ듳뮯뗄쫐뎡뷡릹믲ힴ첬ꆣ듯떽폐돶쿖뿉틔붵뗍만뚨춶죫쮮욽뗄탂벼쫵쪱,평폚만뚨킧뺺헹뗄샭쿫ힴ첬,ퟔ좻슢뛏닺튵뗄뛈(믲헟쮵뺺헹놾쯹햼뗄뇈훘쿂붵,풭ퟔ좻슢뛏닺튵뗄욽뻹돉놾뗄뛈)벴슢뛏뫍뺺헹뗄듮엤,닅쫇뫏샭뗄ꆣ컒쏇퓋폃쟺쿟쿲쿂틆뚯,ퟮ뗍욽뻹돉놾뗣튲쯦횮쿂붵,ퟮ킡웳돉놾쫕틦럖컶랽램살뚨틥폐킧뺺헹ꆣ튵폐킧맦쒣붵뗍,룼뛠뗄킡맦쒣놾뿉틔뷸죫;뗚퓚쒳튻쳘뚨뗄쫐뎡뷡릹훐,볙짨ퟔ좻슢뛏듸살뛾,벼쫵뷸늽붫믡룄뇤돉놾쟺쿟뗄캻훃,뷸뛸룄뇤짧뗄쫕틦뫍돉놾럖뇰캪I(M)뫍C(M),쫐뎡뺺헹듸믡ퟮ폅닺돶쮮욽ꆣ벴쪹탨쟳쟺쿟늻랢짺뇤뮯,돉놾살뗄쫕틦뫍돉놾럖뇰캪I(C)뫍C(C),V뇭쪾쳘뚨쟺쿟캻훃뗄틆뚯튲믡쪹뗃짧믡ퟮ폅닺돶쮮욽랢짺뇤쫐뎡뷡릹뗄뺭볃벨킧,퓲뮯,춨뎣쫇돉놾쟺쿟쿂틆,짧믡ퟮ폅닺돶쮮욽쳡룟,V=ꛁ[I(M)-C(M)]+ꛂ[I(C)-C(C)]닺튵뿉틔죝쓉뗄ퟮ킡폐킧맦쒣웳튵퓶뛠ꆣ뗚죽,탂웤훐ꛁꆢꛂ캪쾵쫽,뇭쪾슢뛏뫍뺺헹퓚쒳튻쳘뚨벼쫵뫍탂랢쏷뗄늻뛏펿쿖뮹믡듲웆풭폐뗄벼쫵슢닺튵뗄쪹폃돌뛈,ꛁꆢꛂꇊ[0,1],ꛁ+ꛂ=1뛏,닺짺탂뗄탔쓜뫍볛룱룼폅뗄쳦듺닺욷,듓뛸룄뇤컒쏇뿉틔룹뻝V좡뗃ퟮ듳횵살좷뚨폐킧뺺헹쿖폐닺튵뗄ퟔ좻슢뛏쳘탔,믲헟듙뷸탂뗄뻟놸맦쒣뗄뛈뺭볃ꆢ랶캧뺭볃ꆢ돉놾쇓볓뫍췸싧킧펦뗄ퟔ좻슢뛏닺V=max{ꛁ[I(M)-C(M)]+ꛂ[I(C)-튵닺짺ꆣ뗚쯄,탂뗄랢쏷뫍뒴탂뮹믡춨맽룄뇤릩룸C(C)]}쳘헷(죧닺욷탔쓜)뫍탨쟳뷡릹살펰쿬탨쟳,듌벤탨죧맻내쾰맟듓돉놾믲럑폃뗄뷇뛈살럖컶ퟔ좻슢쟳랢짺뇤뮯,뷸뛸룄뇤쫐뎡죝솿뫍ퟔ좻슢뛏닺튵뗄뛏닺튵뗄뫏샭뇟뷧,컒쏇뿉틔폃춼4뷸탐쏨쫶ꆣ뇟뷧ꆣ틲듋,뫏샭뷧뚨ퟔ좻슢뛏닺튵뗄뇟뷧,뇘탫쫊펦탅쾢쪱듺뺭볃랢햹뗄탂쳘헷ꆢퟔ좻슢뛏닺튵뗄탂뇤뮯살럖컶ퟔ좻슢뛏뗄에뛏뇪ힼ믲틀뻝,늢쟒퓚죏쪶짏춻웆풭폐샭싛뗄튻킩뻖쿞:춻웆듓뛌웚돉놾뷇뛈뾼달ퟔ좻슢뛏닺튵뇟뷧뗄럖컶뻖쿞,틽죫뎤웚돉놾뾼달ퟔ좻슢뛏뇟뷧뗄뎤웚뇤뚯;춻웆횻볻짺닺돉놾,늻볻붻틗럑폃뗄럖컶뻖쿞,틽죫붻틗럑폃살ퟛ뫏뾼달ퟔ좻슢뛏닺튵뗄뇟뷧;춻웆횻뾼싇돉놾쿂붵뛸뫶춼4ꆡퟔ좻슢뛏닺튵뗄뇟뷧쫓쫕틦뗝퓶뗄럖컶뻖쿞,뷡뫏췸싧뺭볃탂뗄뺭볃퓶춼훐,T0ꆢT1ꆢT2럖뇰캪퓚풭벼쫵쮮욽ꆢ탂벼쫵쮮욽뫍뎤랽쪽좫쏦뾼달ퟔ좻슢뛏닺튵뗄뇟뷧ꆣ룼탂벼쫵쮮욽쿂뗄떥캻붻틗럑폃쟺쿟ꆣ쿞폚뺭볃쾵춳뗄뢴퓓탔뫍퇐뺿쫖뛎ꆢ럖컶랽램탨튪쮵쏷쫇:뗚튻,뻶뚨T0ꆢT1ꆢT2쿠뛔캻훃뗄뗄늻ퟣ풭틲쫇:벼쫵뷸늽듙쪹쫐뎡탨쟳삩헅,쫐뎡탨쟳삩헅,쿫춨맽붨솢튻룶뺫좷뗄쫽솿쒣탍살뾼움ퟔ좻슢뛏닺튵뗄뫏샭뇟뷧쿔좻쫇쿠떱폗훉뗄횮뫳ퟔ좻폖믡틽랢탂뗄벼쫵뒴탂,벴벼쫵뒴탂ퟜ쫇,떫틽죫튻킩폐킧뗄뚨솿럖컶쫖뛎뫍랽램죧돉놾쫕틦럖컶쒣뫍쫐뎡맦쒣삩헅쏜쟐쿠맘뗄ꆣ뗚뛾,쯤좻틽웰ퟔ좻탍슢뛏닺튵뇟뷧룄뇤뗄풭틲쫇뛠랽쏦뗄,떫쫐뎡탨쟳,살뛔ퟔ좻슢뛏닺튵뇟뷧뷸탐럖컶죔늻쪧웤훘튪뗄퇐뺿볛횵ꆣ놾컄뎢쫔붨솢튻룶뷧뚨ퟔ좻슢뛏닺튵맦쒣뗄뇤뮯쫇ퟮ횱뷓뗄,쯹틔컒쏇뷶뾼싇쫐뎡맦쒣뇟뷧뗄샭싛쒣탍,뛔헢랽쏦뗄퇐뺿ퟶ튻킩믹뒡릤ퟷꆣ뇤뮯뗄펰쿬뛸볙뚨웤쯻틲쯘늻뇤ꆣ뗚죽,쯤좻컒쏇ퟔ좻슢뛏닺튵뗄뇟뷧냑붻틗럑폃ퟷ캪뷧뚨ퟔ좻슢뛏닺튵뇟뷧뗄믹놾틀,쫇평쿖쪵뺭볃쳵볾쿂ퟔ좻슢뛏뫍쫐뎡뺺헹뗄뿍맛탔뻶뚨뗄,쫇쫐뎡훐뺺헹뻝,떫헢샯뗄ꆰ붻틗럑폃ꆱ쫇튻룶뎤웚뗄ퟛ뫏탔뗄럑폫슢뛏쿠뮥펰쿬ꆢ릲춬ퟷ폃뛸탎돉쳘뚨뗄쫐뎡뷡릹폃룅쓮,쯼냼삨뎤웚탔뗄짺닺돉놾폫럑폃ꆢ쫐뎡붻틗뗄맽돌(쿂뗚114튳),쪵훊짏쫇ퟔ좻슢뛏뫍쫐뎡뺺헹뗄뫏샭듮엤41' 1994-2009 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
벼쫵뺭볃ꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡ뗚25뻭ꆡ뗚9웚ꆲ2ꆳ잮킡낲1뷰죚쏱펪뮯폫뷰죚믹뒡짨쪩붨짨1뷰죚퇐뺿,ꆲ6ꆳRꆤIꆤ싳뷰얩1뺭볃ퟔ평뮯뗄듎탲1짏몣죽솪쫩뗪,199712003(2)1ꆲ7ꆳRꆤWꆤ룪뗂쪷쏜쮹1뷰죚뷡릹폫뷰죚랢햹1짏몣죽솪쫩뗪,ꆲ3ꆳGurleyJG1andShawES1FinancialAspectsofEconomicDe219901velopment,AmericanEconomicReview,1995(45):515-ꆲ8ꆳRꆤIꆤ싳뷰얩1뺭볃랢햹훐뗄믵뇒폫놾1짏몣죽솪쫩뗪,538119881ꆲ4ꆳRafaelLaPorta,FlorencioLopez2De2SilanesandAndreiꆲ9ꆳ낮뗂뮪ꆤ키1뺭볃랢햹훐뗄뷰죚짮뮯1짏몣죽솪쫩뗪,Shleifer:GovernmentOwnershipofBanks,TheJournalofFi219911nance,VOL1LVII1No11,Feb120021P265-301ꆲ10ꆳ떤쓡뛻ꆤFꆤ쪷웕늩1맜훆폫쫐뎡1짏몣죽솪쫩뗪ꆢ짏몣죋쏱ꆲ5ꆳJꆤGꆤ룱샻,EꆤSꆤ키1뷰죚샭싛훐뗄믵뇒1짏몣죽솪쫩뗪,돶냦짧,1999119961TheRegulation,CompetitionandDevelopmentofPrivateBanksXUYing2fu(BusinessInstitute,AnhuiUniversityofFinanceandEconomics,BengbuAnhui233041,china)Abstract:financialdeepeningisbasedontheequilibriumbetweenregulationandcompetition1Underplannedeconomicsystem,thegovernmentcon2trolsfinancialsystem,andcousesprivategovernedbankrepression1Themarketeconomyreformenforceconflictaboutfinancialsystemtoeconomicin2stituion1Developprivatebankiscombinedwithfinancialdeepening,alsotoperfectthefinancialinfrastructure1Inviewofcompetition,privatebankingcanbemorecompetiveinfinancialsystem,andbehelpfulforthereformofstateownshipbanks1Nodoubt,financialfragilitymeansthattheenteringofprivatebankneedrestructurefinancialregulation1Keywords:privategovernedbank;financialdeepening;moderatecompetition;restructureregulation(짏뷓뗚41튳)뗄돉놾폫럑폃ꆢ탅쾢쯑톰폫뒦샭돉놾폫럑폃뗈,짵훁틔짏럖컶뿉틔뾴돶,ퟔ좻슢뛏닺튵뗄뇟뷧쫇뚯뮹냼삨평ퟔ좻슢뛏믲뺺헹뛸틽웰뗄쫕틦퓶볓(틔뢺첬뗄,웤뇤뚯쟷쫆볈뿉쓜쫇쫕솲뗄,튲뿉쓜쫇삩헅횵뇭쪾),죧퓚췸싧뺭볃쳵볾쿂평췸싧킧펦쯹닺짺뗄뗄ꆣ틲듋,쏦뛔ퟔ좻슢뛏닺튵뇟뷧뗄뚯첬뇤뮯,헾뢮헽췢늿킧펦뗈ꆣ맦훆룄룯뻍뇘좻쫇튻룶뎤웚뗄ꆢ늻뛏폅뮯뫍랢햹뗄뿉틔뾴돶,뛔폚쒳룶ퟔ좻슢뛏닺튵,떱쫐뎡탨쟳맽돌ꆣ맦쒣삩헅떽튻뚨돌뛈(Q0)뫳,욽뻹붻틗럑폃뾪쪼짏짽,ퟔ좻슢뛏ힴ첬뇤뮯늻뿉캬돖뛸틽랢뺺헹;쯦ퟅ쫐닎뾼컄쿗뎡탨쟳뗄뷸튻늽삩헅(Q1),탂벼쫵뗃떽펦폃ꆲ1ꆳKatz,Michael,Shapiro1Networkexternalities,competition,탂뗄럑폃쟺쿟뾪쪼좡듺뻉벼쫵쳵볾쿂뗄럑폃쟺쿟,퓚욽andcompatibility[J]1AmericanEconomicReview,1985,75(뻹붻틗럑폃쿂붵뗄뷗뛎,탂뗄ퟔ좻슢뛏뗃틔탎돉3):424-4401;떱ꆲ2ꆳShapiroC,VarianH1탅쾢맦퓲[M]1훐맺죋쏱듳톧돶냦쫐뎡탨쟳볌탸삩헅(Q2),ퟔ좻슢뛏뗄믹뒡폖믡쿻쪧짧,20001뛸퓙듎뷸죫쫐뎡뺺헹뷗뛎ꆣ죧듋췹뢴,쯦ퟅ쫐뎡탨ꆲ3ꆳ폚솼뒺1ퟔ좻슢뛏폫헾뢮맦훆[M]1뺭볃뿆톧돶냦짧,쟳뗄뇤뮯ꆢ벼쫵룯탂뗄뷸돌,틔벰벼쫵ꆢ쫐뎡믲헟웤20031ꆲ4ꆳ샮뮳1믹폚맦쒣뺭볃뫍췸싧뺭볃킧틦뗄ퟔ좻슢뛏샭싛뒴탂쯻뺭볃틲쯘횮볤뗄붻뮥ퟷ폃,ퟔ좻슢뛏닺튵뗄뇟뷧[J]1맜샭쫀뷧,2004(4):182-2421뒦퓚늻뛏뗄뇤뮯뫍뗷헻맽돌훐ꆣꆲ5ꆳ믆볌훒,쟺컄1ퟔ좻슢뛏폫맦훆:샭싛뫍뺭퇩[M]1뺭볃뿆톧돶냦짧,20041NaturalMonopolyIndustryandItsBoundaryinModernEconomicEnvironmentLUZheng2nan1,WANGZheng2ming2(11NanjingUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Nanjing210094,China;21JiangsuUniversity,Nanjing212013,China)Abstract:Withthedevelopmentofmodernnetworkeconomy,naturalmonopolyisundersignificantchanges1Networkexternalitiesarebecominganincreasinglycriticalcauseofnaturalmonopoly1Meanwhile,networkexternalitiesaredrasticallychangingtheboundaryofnaturalmonopolyindustry,makingitadynamicprocess1Therefore,thereformingofgovernmentregulationsmustadapttotheconstantchangesandmaketimelyadjustments1Keywords:naturalmonopolyindustry;boundary;networkexternalities114' 1994-2009 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
