南京信息工程大学《大学英语》2023 - 2024 学年期末试卷
（A 卷）
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题号 一 二 三 四 五 六 七 八 九 十 成绩
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说明：本试卷共 大题，共 100 分；答题要求： 按要求答题
考生须知:
1.姓名、学号、系、专业、年级、班级必须写在密封线内指定位置。
2.答案必须用蓝、黑色钢笔或圆珠笔写在试卷上，字迹要清晰，卷面要整洁，写在草稿
纸上的一律无效。
一、单项选择（共 20 分，每题 2 分）
从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. The new bridge ______ last month, which makes it easier for people to cross the river.
A. was built
B. is built
C. built
D. has been built
2. —Do you know ______ the meeting will start?
—In about half an hour.
A. when
B. how
C. where
D. what
3. My mother asked me ______ computer games before finishing my homework.
A. not play
B. not to play
C. dont play
D. not playing
4. The book, ______ is written by a famous writer, has been popular among students.
A. which
B. who
C. that
D. whom
5. He is ______ honest boy that everyone likes him.
A. a
B. an
C. the
D. /
6. If it ______ tomorrow, we will stay at home and watch TV.
A. rain
B. rains
C. will rain
D. rained
7. I ______ my homework when my father came back home yesterday evening.
A. do
B. did
C. was doing
D. have done
8. The little girl is ______ to carry the heavy box.
A. enough strong
B. strong enough
C. too strong
D. so strong
9. —______ do you usually go to school?
—By bike.
A. What
B. When
C. How
D. Where
10. The movie was so ______ that all the audience were deeply moved.
A. touch
B. touched
C. touching
D. to touch
二、阅读理解（共 30 分，每题 2 分）
Passage 1
In the United States, it is not customary to telephone someone very early in the morning. If
you telephone him early in the day, while he is shaving or having breakfast, the time of the
call shows that the matter is very important and requires immediate attention. The same
meaning is attached to telephone calls made after 11:00 . If someone receives a call during
sleeping hours, he assumes its a matter of life or death. The time chosen for the call
communicates its importance.
In social life, time plays a very important part. In the . guests tend to feel they are not
highly regarded if the invitation to a dinner party is extended only three or four days before
the party date. But it is not true in all countries. In other areas of the world, it may be
considered foolish to make an appointment too far in advance because plans which are made
for a date more than a week away tend to be forgotten. The meaning of time differs in
different parts of the world. Thus, misunderstandings arise between people from different
cultures that treat time differently. Promptness is valued highly in American life, for example.
If people are not prompt, they may be regarded as impolite or not fully responsible. In the
. no one would think of keeping a business associate waiting for an hour, it would be too
impolite. A person who is 5 minutes late, will say a few words of explanation, though perhaps
he will not complete the sentence.
11. What is the main idea of this passage?
A. It is not customary to telephone someone early in the morning in the United States.
B. The time chosen for a call communicates its importance.
C. Time plays an important role in social life.
D. Promptness is valued highly in American life.
12. According to the passage, a call made after 11:00 . in the United States is considered
______.
A. a matter of life or death
B. an important business call
C. a polite way to make contact
D. a wrong number call
13. In the ., guests may feel they are not highly regarded if ______.
A. they are invited too early for a dinner party
B. they are invited too late for a dinner party
C. the invitation to a dinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date
D. the invitation to a dinner party is extended more than a week before the party date
14. In some parts of the world, making an appointment too far in advance is considered
foolish because ______.
A. people dont like to plan things in advance
B. plans made for a date more than a week away tend to be forgotten
C. it is not polite to do so
D. it is difficult to make such plans
15. Promptness is highly valued in American life because ______.
A. it shows respect for others time
B. it is a sign of being responsible
C. it is considered polite
D. all of the above
Passage 2
The human brain contains 10 thousand million cells and each of these may have a thousand
connections. Such enormous numbers used to discourage us and cause us to dismiss the
possibility of making a machine with human - like ability, but now that we have grown used
to moving forward at such a pace we can be less sure. Quite soon, in only 10 or 20 years
perhaps, we will be able to assemble a machine as complex as the human brain, and if we can
we will. It may then take us a long time to render it intelligent by loading in the right software
or by altering the architecture but that too will happen.
I think it certain that in decades, not centuries, machines of silicon will arise first to rival and
then exceed their human ancestors. Once they exceed us they will be capable of their own
design. In a real sense they will be able to reproduce themselves. Silicon will have ended
carbons long control. And we will no longer be able to claim ourselves to be the finest
intelligence in the known universe.
As the intelligence of robots increases to match that of humans and as their cost declines
through economies of scale we may use them to expand our frontiers, first on earth through
their ability to withstand environments, harmful to ourselves. Thus, deserts may bloom and
the ocean beds be mined. Further ahead, by a combination of the great wealth this new age
will bring and the technology it will provide, the construction of a vast, man - created world
in space, home to thousands or millions of people, will be within our power.
16. In what way can we make a machine intelligent?
A. By making it work in such environments as deserts, oceans or space.
B. By working hard for 10 or 20 years.
C. By either properly programming it or changing its structure.
D. By reproducing it.
17. What does the writer think about machines with human - like ability?
A. He believes they will be useful to human beings.
B. He believes that they will control us in the future.
C. He is not quite sure in what way they may influence us.
D. He doesnt consider the construction of such machines possible.
18. The word "carbon" (Line 4, Para. 2) stands for ______.
A. intelligent robots
B. a chemical element
C. an organic substance
D. human beings
19. A robot can be used to expand our frontiers when ______.
A. its intelligence and cost are beyond question
B. it is able to bear the rough environment
C. it is made as complex as the human brain
D. its architecture is different from that of the present ones
20. It can be inferred from the passage that ______.
A. after the installation of a great number of cells and connections, robots will be capable of
self - reproduction
B. with the rapid development of technology, people have come to realize the possibility of
making a machine with human - like ability
C. once we make a machine as complex as the human brain, it will possess intelligence
D. robots will have control of the vast, man - made world in space
Passage 3
There are two factors which determine an individuals intelligence. The first is the sort of brain
he is born with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But
no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of
intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the
individual - the sort of environment in which he is reared. If an individual is handicapped
environmentally, it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level
of intelligence of which he is capable.
The importance of environment in determining an individuals intelligence can be
demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark. Being identical, the
twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the twins
were three months old, their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster homes.
Peter was reared by parents of low intelligence in an isolated community with poor
educational opportunities. Mark was reared in the home of well - to - do parents who had
been to college. He was read to as a child, sent to good schools, and given every opportunity
to be stimulated intellectually. This environmental difference continued until the twins were
in their late teens, when they were given tests to measure their intelligence. Marks . was
125, twenty - five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his
identical brother. Given equal opportunities, the twins, having identical brains, would have
tested at roughly the same level.
21. This passage is mainly about ______.
A. the importance of intelligence
B. the relationship between intelligence and environment
C. the case history of two twins
D. the factors that determine intelligence
22. According to the passage, the average . is ______.
A. 85
B. 100
C. 110
D. 125
23. The case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that ______.
A. individuals with identical brains seldom test at the same level
B. an individuals intelligence is determined only by his environment
C. lack of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligence
D. changes of environment produce changes in the structure of the brain
24. This passage suggests that an individuals . ______.
A. can be predicted at birth
B. stays the same throughout his life
C. can be increased by education
D. is determined by his childhood
25. The best title for this passage would be ______.
A. Measuring Your Intelligence
B. Intelligence and Environment
C. The Case of Peter and Mark
D. How the Brain Influences Intelligence
三、词汇与语法（共 20 分，每题 1 分）
26. The teacher asked us to write a ______ composition.
A. two - thousand - word
B. two - thousands - word
C. two - thousand - words
D. two - thousands - words
27. The book is ______ more difficult than the one I recommended to you.
A. rather
B. very
C. much
D. so
28. He ______ his homework when the telephone rang.
A. did
B. was doing
C. has done
D. had done
29. The man ______ you met yesterday is a famous scientist.
A. which
B. what
C. whom
D. whose
30. If I ______ you, I would take the job.
A. am
B. was
C. were
D. had been
31. It is high time that we ______ to bed.
A. go
B. went
C. will go
D. have gone
32. The little girl is ______ to go to school.
A. enough old
B. old enough
C. too old
D. so old
33. The students were all interested ______ the lecture given by Professor Smith.
A. on
B. in
C. at
D. for
34. We ______ each other since we graduated from college.
A. didnt see
B. havent seen
C. hadnt seen
D. dont see
35. The movie was so ______ that I fell asleep in the cinema.
A. boring
B. bored
C. interesting
D. interested
36. She speaks English ______ than her sister.
A. well
B. better
C. best
D. the best
37. He ______ to Beijing many times.
A. has been
B. has gone
C. went
D. will go
38. The news ______ very exciting.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
39. We should try our best to prevent the river from ______.
A. polluting
B. being polluted
C. polluted
D. pollute
40. ______ you work hard, you will succeed.
A. As long as
B. As soon as
C. As well as
D. As far as
41. The old man lives ______ in the countryside.
A. alone
B. lonely
C. along
D. lone
42. The meeting ______ in the hall tomorrow is about environment protection.
A. is being held
B. to be held
C. held
D. being held
43. He is ______ to come to the party tonight.
A. likely
B. possible
C. probable
D. maybe
44. The doctor advised him ______ more exercise.
A. take
B. taking
C. to take
D. taken
45. ______ from space, the earth looks like a blue ball.
A. Seeing
B. Seen
C. To see
D. See
四、翻译（共 15 分）
Section A：汉译英（每题 3 分，共 9 分）
46. 我习惯每天早上早起。
47. 他不仅会说英语，还会说法语。
48. 直到昨天我才知道这个消息。
Section B：英译汉（每题 2 分，共 6 分）
49. The Great Wall is one of the most famous tourist attractions in the world.
50. We are looking forward to hearing from you soon.
五、写作（共 15 分）
Directions: For this part, you are required to write a composition on the topic "The
Importance of Learning English". You should write at least 120 words following the outline
given below in Chinese.
1. 英语在当今社会的重要性。
2. 举例说明英语在学习、工作、生活等方面的作用。
3. 你打算如何提高自己的英语水平。
