ꆡꆡꆡꆡ뷌폽믘놨폫돇쿧뷌폽풴엤훃췵쏀퇞3ꆡꆡ쓚죝쳡튪ꆡ놾컄샻폃솽듎샍뚯솦뗷닩쫽뻝,뾼달쇋돇쫐훐살ퟔ폚얩듥뗄췢살샍뚯솦뫍돇쫐놾뗘샍뚯솦퓚늻춬뷌폽뷗뛎뗄뷌폽믘놨ꆣ퇐뺿랢쿖,늻싛쫇살ퟔ폚얩듥뗄췢살샍뚯솦,뮹쫇돇쫐놾뗘샍뚯솦,뷶뷶뷓쫜돵훐뷌폽뛔릤쳡룟뗄뇟볊ퟷ폃틑뺭늻듳ꆣ췢살샍뚯솦퓚룟훐믲훐뷗뛎뗄뷌폽믘놨쿔훸룟폚돇쫐샍뚯솦ꆣ뛔췢살샍뚯솦뛸퇔,뷓쫜룟훐믲훐뷌폽쫇쿔훸쳡룟릤뗄훘튪헛뗣;뛔돇쫐샍뚯솦뛸퇔,뷓쫜듳벰틔짏뷌폽닅쫇쿔훸쳡룟릤뗄훘튪헛뗣ꆣ컄헂횸돶,맺볒펦룃뛔틥컱뷌폽틔짏뷗뛎뗄뷌폽볓듳춶죫,퓚퓶볓뿉폃폚얩듥뷌폽뗄풴뗄춬쪱,펦룃훰늽쳡짽룟훐믲훐뷌폽퓚얩듥뷌폽랢햹훐뗄폅쿈뗘캻,퓚돇쫐뗘쟸,퓲펦룃죃룼뛠룟훐믲훐뇏튵짺뷓쫜듳벰틔짏뗄뷌폽ꆣ맘볼듊ꆡ뷌폽믘놨돇쿧뷌폽풴엤훃튻틽퇔폫웤쯻맺볒쿠뇈,훐맺폃폚뷌폽뗄춶햼GDP뗄뇈훘뫜뗍ꆣ퓚맽좥벸쪮쓪훐,훐맺헾뢮뛔뷌폽폈웤쫇얩듥뷌폽튻횱늻릻훘쫓,퓚뷌폽풴뗄춶죫짏욫쿲폚돇쫐(deBrauwandRozelle,2008;Hannumetal.,2008)ꆣ튻럝퇐뺿놨룦뇭쏷,돇쫐킡톧뫍돵훐짺뻹풤쯣쓚릫폃뺭럑ꆢ짺뻹뷌톧틇웷짨놸횵뫍훐벶벰틔짏횰컱뷌쪦뇈샽뚼쏷쿔룟폚얩듥(맺볒뷌폽뚽떼췅,2006)ꆣ돽쇋뛔돇쫐뫍얩듥뗄뷌폽춶죫폐뇰췢,맺볒뛔늻춬뷌폽뷗뛎뗄춶죫튲폐닮틬ꆣ뻅쓪틥컱뷌폽뷗뛎뗄뺭럑춶죫,놻맺볒틔램싉뗄탎쪽좷뚨쿂살,틥컱뷌폽뺭럑평맺컱풺뫍뗘랽룷벶죋쏱헾뢮폨틔놣헏ꆣ뻅쓪틥컱뷌폽틔뫳뗄뺭럑춶죫,짐캴폃램싉뗄탎쪽뷸탐좷놣ꆣ퓚뷌폽풴폐쿞뗄쟩뿶쿂,죧뫎뫏샭엤훃뷌폽풴틔벰죧뫎쳡룟웤쪹폃킧싊,쫇횵뗃컒쏇훘쫓뗄컊쳢ꆣ훐맺퓚뷌폽춶죫짏뗄헢훖욫쿲폚돇쫐죋뿚뗄헾닟,쫇럱럻뫏뷌폽풴킧폃ퟮ듳뮯뗄풭퓲쓘?죧맻늻럻뫏뗄뮰,펦룃죧뫎뗷헻뷌폽풴뗄엤훃?뷌폽풴뗄춶죫랽쿲펦룃ퟶ퓵퇹뗄룄뇤,돇쿧뷌폽춶죫훘뗣3췵쏀퇞:훐맺짧믡뿆톧풺죋뿚폫샍뚯뺭볃퇐뺿쯹ꆡ놱뺩붨맺쏅쓚듳뷖5뫅ꆡ100732ꆡ뗧뮰:010-85195416ꆡ뗧ퟓ탅쿤:wangmy@ꆣퟷ헟룐킻맺볒짧믡뿆톧믹뷰2006쓪뛈쟠쓪쿮쒿ꆰ돇쫐쫕죫닮뻠뗄릹돉틲쯘벰뇤뮯ꆱ(쿮쒿뫅:06CJY008),틔벰뢣쳘믹뷰믡ꆢ쫀뷧틸탐뗈맺볊ퟩ횯뗄퇐뺿훺,룐킻쓤쏻짳룥죋뗄틢볻폫붨틩ꆣ컄헂훐튻쟐뿉쓜뗄듭컳,평ퟷ헟놾죋뢺퓰ꆣ쫀뷧뺭볃3ꆡ2009쓪뗚5웚ꆡꆤ3ꆤ' 1994-2009 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
ꆡꆡ뷌폽믘놨폫돇쿧뷌폽풴엤훃펦룃폐쓄킩늻춬?헢쫇놾컄ퟮ맘탄뛸쟒뎢쫔믘듰뗄컊쳢ꆣꋙ룹뻝춶뇟볊놨돪뗝복맦싉,쯦ퟅ뷌폽뷗뛎뗄쳡룟,뷌폽믘놨펦룃돊쿖쿂붵뗄쟷쫆ꆣ뛔쫀뷧뛠맺뷸탐뗄퇐뺿믹놾횤쏷쇋헢튻뗣ꆣPsacharopoulos(1985,1994,2002)뗄퇐뺿랢쿖,뷌폽믘놨싊듳쳥믡쯦ퟅ뷌폽뷗뛎뗄쳡룟뛸붵뗍,돵뗈뷌폽뗄믘놨싊ퟮ룟,훐뗈뷌폽듎횮,룟뗈뷌폽믘놨뿉쓜룟폚훐뗈뷌폽,튲뿉쓜뗍폚훐뗈뷌폽ꆣ죧맻훐맺뗄뷌폽믘놨튲ퟱ톭헢룶맦싉,욫쿲폚틥컱뷌폽뗄뷌폽풴춶죫닟싔뻍쫇뫏샭뗄ꆣ떫쫇,뛔훐맺뷌폽믘놨뗄퇐뺿좴돊쿖폫듋쿠랴뗄쟷쫆ꆣ샮쪵ꆢ샮컄뇲(1994)랢쿖,듓킡톧ꆢ돵훐ꆢ룟훐떽듳톧,뷌폽믘놨싊늻뛏쳡룟;Wei뗈(1999)틔벰샮쪵ꆢ뚡주(2003)튲랢쿖쇋샠쯆뗄쟷쫆ꆣ내헕헢킩퇐뺿뷡싛,훐맺뷌폽풴춶죫펦룃뷸탐뗷헻,펦퓶볓뛔틥컱뷌폽틔짏뷗뛎뗄춶죫ꆣ훐맺뷌폽믘놨돊쿖돶뗄헢훖폫웤쯻맺볒쿠랴뗄쟷쫆,횵뗃컒쏇맘힢뫍쮼뾼ꆣBenjamin뗈(2000)죏캪,훐맺뗄뷌폽쫕틦싊횮쯹틔돶쿖뗝퓶쟷쫆,쫇평폚뷓쫜룟닣듎뷌폽뗄죋뿚뇈샽뷏킡ꆣdeBrauw뫍Roz2elle(2008)퇐뺿죏캪,뛔폚얩듥샍뚯솦뛸퇔,킡톧틔짏뷌폽뗄믘놨룟폚킡톧,헢폫얩듥샍뚯솦훐쫜맽뷏뛠뷌폽뗄샍뚯솦뷏짙폐맘ꆣ죧맻헢훖맛뗣돉솢뗄뮰,평폚얩듥뫍돇쫐죋뿚훐뷓쫜맽늻춬뷗뛎뷌폽뗄죋뿚뇈샽뫜늻쿠춬ꋚ,얩듥뫍돇쫐죋뿚룷룶뷌폽뷗뛎뗄뷌폽믘놨ퟔ좻믡늻춬ꆣ컒쏇펦룃룹뻝얩듥뫍돇쫐죋뿚늻춬뷌폽뷗뛎뗄믘놨ힴ뿶,뗷헻뷌폽풴뗄춶죫뫍엤훃ꆣ퓚뷌폽풴폐쿞뗄쟩뿶쿂,냑풴폅쿈엤훃떽믘놨뷏룟뗄뷌폽뷗뛎ꆣ평듋뾴살,횻튪헆컕쇋얩듥뫍돇쫐죋뿚룷룶뷌폽뷗뛎뗄뷌폽믘놨,뗷헻뷌폽풴춶죫뫍엤훃뗄컊쳢뻍펭죐뛸뷢ꆣ볬쯷틑폐컄쿗뿉틔랢쿖,맘폚샍뚯솦뷌폽믘놨뗄퇐뺿몹얣돤뚰ꆣ삵뗂쪤(1998)ꆢ샮쪵뗈(1999)ꆢLi뫍Luo(2002)틔벰샮쪵ꆢ뚡주(2003)뗈퇐뺿샻폃훐맺짧믡뿆톧풺뺭볃퇐뺿쯹뗄돇헲힡뮧돩퇹뗷닩쫽뻝,맀볆쇋돇헲횰릤뗄뷌폽믘놨;Zhang뫍Zhao(2002)샻폃1988훁1999쓪놱뺩ꆢ쇉쓾ꆢ헣붭ꆢ쯄뒨ꆢ맣뚫ꆢ즽컷6룶쪡쫐뗄뗷닩쫽뻝맀볆쇋돇헲횰릤뗄뷌폽믘놨;샮톩쯉ꆢ뫕뿋싼(2004)샻폃훐맺돇헲뻓쏱볒춥쫕죫폫횧돶뗷닩쫽뻝,맀볆쇋돇헲횰릤뗄뷌폽믘놨ꆣWei뗈(1999)샻폃1991쓪6룶쪡뗄뗷닩쫽뻝,맀볆쇋얩듥샍뚯솦뗄뷌폽믘놨;뚼퇴ꆢ웓횮쮮(2003)샻폃2000쓪컷늿얩듥욶삧쿘뗄뗷닩쫽뻝,맀볆쇋쿲췢뗘잨틆뗄얩듥샍뚯솦뗄뷌폽믘놨;돂폱폮ꆢ탏뒺뇹(2004)샻폃훐맺붡뾵폫펪퇸뗷닩쫽뻝,맀볆쇋얩듥샍뚯솦뗄뷌폽믘놨;deBrauw뫍Rozelle(2008)샻폃2000쓪6룶쪡뗄뗷닩쫽뻝,맀볆쇋얩듥샍뚯솦뫍잨틆샍뚯솦뗄뷌폽믘놨;쇵붨뷸(2006)맀볆쇋얩듥췢돶샍뚯솦뗄뷌폽믘놨ꆣ틔짏헢킩퇐뺿퓋폃늻춬살풴뗄캢맛쫽뻝,믲헟럖컶얩듥샍뚯솦뗄뷌폽믘놨,믲헟럖컶돇헲샍뚯솦뗄뷌폽믘놨ꆣ뇭쏦짏뾴,폐쇋헢킩뷌폽믘놨뗄맀볆뷡맻,뇈뷏얩듥샍뚯솦폫돇쫐샍뚯솦뗄뷌폽믘놨,쯆뫵쫇튻볾쟡뛸틗뻙뗄쫂ꆣ떫쫇,볆솿뺭볃톧룦쯟컒쏇,퓚맀볆뷌폽믘놨쪱,벴쪹퓚쪹폃춬퇹쫽뻝뗄쟩뿶쿂,죧맻릤랽돌훐쯹쪹폃뗄뇤솿ꆢ릤랽돌짨뚨랽램믲헟랽돌맀볆랽램훐뗄죎뫎튻쿮늻춬,맀볆뷡맻뚼믡폐닮틬,룼뫎뿶틑폐퇐뺿쯹쪹폃뗄쫽뻝룷늻쿠춬ꆣ틲듋,듓헢킩뷌폽믘놨맀볆뷡맻훐,컒쏇뫜쓑횱뷓뷸탐얩듥뫍돇쫐샍뚯솦뗄뷌폽믘놨뇈뷏ꆣ떱좻,튲폐퇐뺿춬쪱뾼달쇋얩듥뫍돇쫐샍뚯솦뗄뷌폽믘놨ꆣ샽죧샮쪵ꆢ샮컄뇲(1994)샻폃훐맺짧믡ꋙ탨튪횸돶뗄쫇,뷌폽믘놨럖캪짧믡믘놨뫍룶죋믘놨ꆣ놾컄붫맀볆뷌폽뗄룶죋믘놨,늢믹폚뛔뷌폽뗄룶죋믘놨뗄맀볆뷡맻,뛔뷌폽풴뗄춶죫뫍엤훃쳡돶튻킩헾닟붨틩ꆣꋚ룹뻝2000쓪뗚컥듎좫맺죋뿚웕닩ꇫ돩퇹뗷닩쫽뻝,16쯪벰틔짏얩듥죋뿚훐,%뗄죋뷶쫜맽킡톧벰틔쿂뷌폽,%뗄죋쫜맽돵훐뷌폽,%뗄죋쫜맽룟훐믲훐뷌폽,%뗄죋쫜맽듳벰틔짏뷌폽;16쯪벰틔짏돇헲죋뿚훐,25%뗄죋쫜맽킡톧벰틔쿂뷌폽,%뗄죋쫜맽돵훐뷌폽,%뗄죋쫜맽룟훐믲훐뷌폽,%뗄죋쫜맽듳벰틔짏뷌폽ꆣ쫀뷧뺭볃3ꆡ2009쓪뗚5웚ꆡꆤ4ꆤ' 1994-2009 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
췵쏀퇞ꆡꆡ뿆톧풺뺭볃퇐뺿쯹뗄힡뮧돩퇹뗷닩쫽뻝,맀볆쇋돇헲횰릤뫍얩듥샍뚯솦뗄뷌폽믘놨;Meng뫍Zhang(2001)샻폃1995쓪뫍1996쓪솽듎퓚짏몣뗷닩뗄쫽뻝,맀볆쇋돇쫐훐살ퟔ폚얩듥뗄췢살샍뚯솦뫍돇쫐놾뗘샍뚯솦뗄뷌폽믘놨;탌뒺뇹(2005)샻폃훐맺붡뾵폫펪퇸뗷닩쫽뻝,맀볆쇋얩듥뫍돇쫐샍뚯솦뗄뷌폽믘놨,뗈뗈ꆣ헢킩퇐뺿캪뛔뇈얩듥뫍돇쫐샍뚯솦뗄뷌폽믘놨쳡릩쇋뫜뫃뗄틀뻝ꆣ퓚춬쪱뾼달쇋얩듥뫍돇쫐샍뚯솦뷌폽믘놨뗄퇐뺿훐,탌뒺뇹(2005)틔벰Meng뫍Zhang(2001)횻맀볆쇋샍뚯솦뗄쓪욽뻹뷌폽믘놨,뛸쎻폐뇈뷏얩듥뫍돇쫐샍뚯솦퓚늻춬뷌폽뷗뛎뗄믘놨닮틬ꆣ샮쪵ꆢ샮컄뇲(1994)뾼달쇋돇쫐샍뚯솦퓚늻춬뷌폽뷗뛎뗄믘놨,떫캴뾼달얩듥샍뚯솦퓚늻춬뷌폽뷗뛎뗄믘놨,뛸쟒룃퇐뺿샻폃뗄쫇1988쓪뗄쫽뻝,웤퇐뺿뷡싛폫훐맺쒿잰뗄뷌폽풴춶죫뫍엤훃ힴ뿶폐쇋튻뚨뻠샫ꆣ놾퇐뺿붫샻폃훐맺짧믡뿆톧풺죋뿚폫샍뚯뺭볃퇐뺿쯹폚2001뫍2005쓪쯹ퟶ뗄솽듎샍뚯솦뗷닩쫽뻝,맀볆돇쫐훐살ퟔ폚얩듥뗄췢살샍뚯솦뫍돇쫐놾뗘샍뚯솦퓚늻춬뷌폽뷗뛎뗄뷌폽믘놨ꆣ돇쫐훐살ퟔ폚얩듥뗄췢살샍뚯솦,듳뚼퓚얩듥췪돉쯻쏇뗄헽맦뷌폽,틲듋뛔헢솽샠샍뚯솦뷌폽믘놨뗄뇈뷏,뿉틔ퟷ캪얩듥뫍돇쫐샍뚯솦뗄뇈뷏,평듋캪훐맺돇쿧뷌폽풴뗄엤훃쳡릩튻킩쮼슷ꆣ쪹폃헢솽쿮쫽뻝훷튪폐솽뗣폅쫆:뗚튻,쫽뻝뷏탂,듓훐뗃떽뗄맀볆뷡맻뛔폚횸떼떱잰뷌폽풴뗄엤훃믡룼볓쫊폃ꆣ횮쯹틔튪쪹폃2001뫍2005쓪솽쓪뗄쫽뻝,쫇틲캪헢벸쓪볤,훐맺뗄샍뚯솦쫐뎡랢짺쇋뷏캪뻧쇒뗄뇤뮯(KnightandSong,2005;닌镐뗈,2005),샍뚯솦쫐뎡랢폽쮮욽늻뛏쳡룟ꆣ샍뚯솦쫐뎡랢폽쮮욽뗄뇤뮯,뇘뚨믡펰쿬떽뷌폽믘놨,뛸샻폃2001쓪뫍2005쓪솽쓪뗄쫽뻝,잡뫃쓜릻맛달헢룶뇤뮯ꆣ뗚뛾,뛔폚놾퇐뺿뗄쒿뗄뛸퇔,룃뗷닩쫽뻝뗄ퟮ듳폅쫆쫇웤훐냼몬뗄맘폚쫜뷌폽쮮욽뗄쫽뻝럇뎣쿪뺡ꆣꋙ헢캪컒쏇ힼ좷뗘맀볆늻춬뷌폽뷗뛎뗄믘놨쳡릩쇋솼뫃뗄쳵볾,쓜릻뿋럾뫜뛠퇐뺿훐쫜뷌폽쓪쿞쫽뻝늻ힼ좷뗄죵뗣ꆣ놾컄틔쿂늿럖쫇헢퇹ퟩ횯뗄:뗚뛾늿럖붫뛔퇐뺿쯹튪쪹폃뗄캢맛쫽뻝뷸탐쿪쾸쮵쏷ꆣ뗚죽늿럖붫샻폃캢맛뗷닩쫽뻝,뛔돇쫐훐살ퟔ폚얩듥뗄췢살샍뚯솦뫍돇쫐놾뗘샍뚯솦뗄뷌폽뫍릤ힴ뿶뷸탐쏨쫶ꆣ뗚쯄늿럖붫맀볆2001쓪뫍2005쓪돇쫐훐살ퟔ폚얩듥뗄췢살샍뚯솦뫍돇쫐놾뗘샍뚯솦뗄릤랽돌,늢뇈뷏솽샠샍뚯솦늻춬뷌폽뷗뛎뗄믘놨틔벰믘놨뗄뇤뮯ꆣ뗚컥늿럖붫ퟜ뷡컄헂뗄훷튪뷡싛,늢룹뻝컄훐뗃돶뗄뷡싛,훘뗣헫뛔얩듥뫍돇쫐늻춬뷌폽뷗뛎뗄뷌폽풴춶죫뫍엤훃컊쳢,쳡돶튻킩뻟쳥뗄헾닟붨틩ꆣ뛾퇐뺿쫽뻝2001쓪뗗훐맺짧믡뿆톧풺죋뿚폫샍뚯뺭볃퇐뺿쯹퓚짏몣ꆢ커몺ꆢ짲퇴ꆢ뢣훝뫍컷낲5룶돇쫐뷸탐쇋샍뚯솦뗷닩,2002쓪뗗폖뷸탐쇋늹돤뗷닩ꆣ퓚쎿룶돇쫐,뗷닩룹뻝럖뷗뛎쯦믺돩퇹풭퓲,돩좡쇋70룶짧쟸뗄700뮧돇쫐볒춥,쳮킴쇋볒춥쟩뿶컊뻭뫍쯹폐16쯪벰틔짏늻퓚킣뗄볒춥돉풱컊뻭ꆣ폫듋춬쪱,뗷닩춬퇹내헕럖뷗뛎쯦믺돩퇹풭퓲,퓚쎿룶돇쫐돩좡쇋600룶얩듥뷸돇뗄듲릤헟,쳮킴쇋샍뚯솦컊뻭ꆣ놾뗷닩훐냼몬럡뢻뗄맘폚샍뚯솦뗄죋솦놾쳘헷ꆢ뻍튵ꆢ릤틔벰룷훖뢣샻듽폶뗈랽쏦뗄탅쾢ꆣ2005쓪훐맺짧믡뿆톧풺죋뿚폫샍뚯뺭볃퇐뺿쯹퓚짏몣ꆢ커몺ꆢ짲퇴ꆢ뢣훝뫍컷낲5룶돇쫐틔벰쇭췢ꋙ맘폚쫜뷌폽쮮욽,튻냣뗷닩훐춨뎣톯컊놻뗷닩헟뗄쫜뷌폽돌뛈,죧킡톧ꆢ돵훐뫍룟훐뗈ꆣ죧맻횻폐헢퇹뗄탅쾢,퓚볆쯣놻뗷닩헟뗄쫜뷌폽쓪쿞쪱,춨뎣뗄뒦샭랽램쫇붫킡톧쫜뷌폽쓪쿞짨뚨캪6쓪,돵훐짨뚨캪9쓪,룟훐짨뚨캪12쓪뗈ꆣ쪵볊짏,놻뗷닩헟췪돉톧튵뗄쟩뿶뛠훖뛠퇹ꆣ샽죧,솽룶쫜뷌폽돌뛈춬캪ꆰ룟훐ꆱ뗄죋,튻룶쫇룟훐뇏튵,쇭튻룶퓲횻뛁쇋튻쓪룟훐ꆣ헢퇹잰헟뗄쫜뷌폽쓪쿞쪵볊캪12쓪,뛸뫳헟뷶캪10쓪ꆣ죧맻룹뻝쫜뷌폽돌뛈캪ꆰ룟훐ꆱ뛸붫솽헟뗄쫜뷌폽쓪쿞뚼짨뚨캪12쓪,뻍믡닺짺뷏듳컳닮ꆣ퓚놾퇐뺿쪹폃뗄뗷닩쫽뻝훐,맘폚쫜뷌폽쮮욽,컒쏇늻뷶톯컊쇋놻뗷닩헟뗄쫜뷌폽돌뛈,뛸쟒톯컊쇋웤쯹췪돉뗄쓪벶ꆣ헢퇹,컒쏇뻍쓜뗃떽ힼ좷뗄놻뗷닩헟뗄쫜뷌폽쓪쿞ꆣ쫀뷧뺭볃3ꆡ2009쓪뗚5웚ꆡꆤ5ꆤ' 1994-2009 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
ꆡꆡ뷌폽믘놨폫돇쿧뷌폽풴엤훃뗄7룶돇쫐(컞컽ꆢ틋닽ꆢ놾쾪ꆢ훩몣ꆢ짮?ꆢ놦벦ꆢ듳쟬)퓙듎뷸탐쇋샍뚯솦뗷닩ꆣ퓚짏몣ꆢ커몺ꆢ짲퇴ꆢ뢣훝뫍컷낲5룶돇쫐,뗷닩룹뻝럖뷗뛎쯦믺돩퇹풭퓲,룷돩좡쇋500뮧돇쫐볒춥뫍500뮧췢살볒춥ꆣ퓚웤쯻7룶돇쫐,뗷닩룷돩좡쇋400뮧췢살볒춥ꆣ컊뻭훐늻뷶냼삨볒춥탅쾢,뮹냼삨볒춥훐쯹폐룶죋뗄탅쾢,쓚죝폫2001쓪뗷닩럇뎣샠쯆ꆣ룹뻝퇐뺿탨튪,컒쏇붫횻쪹폃2005쓪뗷닩훐짏몣ꆢ커몺ꆢ짲퇴ꆢ뢣훝뫍컷낲5룶돇쫐뗄쫽뻝,틔뇣폫2001쓪뷸탐뇈뷏ꆣ평폚ퟔ컒맍폃헟뗄릤뷡릹뇈뷏쳘쫢,폫쫜맍폚뇰죋뗄샍뚯솦뫜늻쿠춬,뛸놾컄뗄훷튪쓚죝쫇퇐뺿뷌폽믘놨,폫릤쏜쟐쿠맘,틲듋퇐뺿붫횻냼삨쫜맍폚뇰죋뗄샍뚯솦,늻냼삨ퟔ컒맍폃헟ꆣ듋췢,뗷닩훐냼삨뗄췢살샍뚯솦,폐뗄살ퟔ돇헲,폐뗄살ퟔ얩듥ꆣ룹뻝놾컄뗄퇐뺿쒿뗄,컒쏇붫횻럖컶돇쫐훐살ퟔ폚얩듥뗄췢살샍뚯솦ꆣ2001쓪럻뫏헢튻쳵볾뗄췢살샍뚯솦뗄폐킧퇹놾캪1108룶,돇쫐샍뚯솦캪3395룶ꆣ2005쓪췢살샍뚯솦뗄폐킧퇹놾캪1162룶,돇쫐샍뚯솦캪2894룶ꆣ2001쓪뫍2005쓪솽듎뗷닩뚼ퟱ톭럖뷗뛎쯦믺돩퇹풭퓲,뛸쟒쫇퓚춬퇹뗄5룶돇쫐,컄헂퓚맀볆췢살샍뚯솦폫돇쫐샍뚯솦뗄죋솦놾믘놨쪱,쪹폃뗄맀볆랽램뫍쒣탍붫췪좫쿠춬,틲듋,맀볆뷡맻퓚솽샠샍뚯솦횮볤틔벰2001쓪뫍2005쓪솽쓪횮볤,뚼펦룃뻟폐뷏잿뗄뿉뇈탔ꆣ죽샍뚯솦뷌폽폫릤뗄믹놾ힴ뿶퓚맀볆샍뚯솦뗄뷌폽믘놨잰,컒쏇쿈살쇋뷢튻쿂샍뚯솦뗄뷌폽뫍릤ힴ뿶ꆣ뇭1룸돶쇋2001쓪폫2005쓪16ꆫ60쯪샍뚯솦뗄쫜뷌폽쮮욽ꆣ룹뻝놾컄뗄퇐뺿쒿뗄,컒쏇냑샍뚯솦뗄쫜뷌폽쮮욽럖캪돵훐벰틔쿂ꆢ룟훐(믲훐)뫍듳벰틔짏죽룶뷗뛎뷸탐뾼달ꆣꋙ췢살샍뚯솦퓚쫜뷌폽랽쏦뗄쇓쫆럇뎣쏷쿔ꆣ2001쓪췢살샍뚯솦훐,78%뗄죋뷶쫜맽돵훐벰틔쿂뷌폽,20%뗄죋쫜맽룟훐믲훐뷌폽,쫜맽듳벰틔짏뷌폽뗄뇈샽늻떽2%ꆣ돇쫐샍뚯솦훐,28%뗄죋쫜맽돵훐벰틔쿂뷌폽,43%뗄죋쫜맽룟훐믲훐뷌폽,29%뗄죋쫜맽듳벰틔짏뷌폽ꆣ췢살샍뚯솦쫜맽룟훐믲훐벰틔짏뷌폽뗄뇈샽캪22%,돇쫐샍뚯솦뗄헢튻뇈샽뎬맽72%,솽헟닮뻠캪50룶냙럖뗣ꆣ2005쓪,늻싛쫇췢살뮹쫇돇쫐샍뚯솦,쫜맽룷샠뷌폽뗄샍뚯솦뇈샽폫2001쓪쿠뇈쎻폐쳘뇰듳뗄뇤뮯ꆣ췢살샍뚯솦훐쫜맽룟훐믲훐벰틔짏뷌폽뗄뇈샽캪23%,돇쫐샍뚯솦뗄헢튻뇈샽뎬맽76%,솽헟닮뻠캪53룶냙럖뗣ꆣ컒쏇쿖퓚살뾴릤ힴ뿶ꆣ톧헟쏇웕ꆡꆡ뇭1췢살샍뚯솦폫돇쫐샍뚯솦뗄쫜뷌폽쮮욽%뇩죏캪,킡쪱릤쫇뫢솿릤쮮욽뗄뷏캪20012005ힼ좷뗄듺샭뇤솿ꆣ헢쫇틲캪,킡쪱릤늻췢살샍뚯솦돇쫐샍뚯솦췢살샍뚯솦돇쫐샍뚯솦쫜쎿쳬릤ퟷ킡쪱쫽뫍쎿퓂릤ퟷ쳬쫽뗄펰돵훐벰틔쿂쿬ꆣ죧맻폃죕릤믲퓂릤뛸늻쫇킡쪱룟훐믲훐듳벰틔짏릤ퟷ캪릤뗄듺샭뇤솿,뿉쓜믡듸살뷌뫏볆ꆡꆡꆡ폽믘놨뗍맀뗄컊쳢(deBrauwandRoz2100100100100쇏살풴:룹뻝2001쓪뫍2005쓪돇쫐샍뚯솦뗷닩쫽뻝볆쯣뗃떽ꆣelle,2008)ꆣ놾컄쪹폃뗄뗷닩쫽뻝훐뗄ꋙ뺡맜늻쫇쯹폐샍뚯솦뚼췪돉쇋뻅쓪틥컱뷌폽,떫룹뻝ꆶ틥컱뷌폽램ꆷ,훐맺퓧틑웕벰쇋뻅쓪훆틥컱뷌폽ꆣ틲듋,듋뒦쎻폐냑킡톧벰틔쿂떥뛀쟸럖돶살,뛸쫇냑쎻짏맽톧ꆢ킡톧뫍돵훐뫏늢캪ꆰ돵훐벰틔쿂ꆱꆣ쫀뷧뺭볃3ꆡ2009쓪뗚5웚ꆡꆤ6ꆤ' 1994-2009 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
췵쏀퇞ꆡꆡ탅쾢쪹컒쏇쓜릻뗃떽뷏캪ힼ좷뗄킡쪱릤ꆣꋙ캪쇋뇣폚붫킡쪱릤폫쫜뷌폽쮮욽뗄럖컶뷡뫏웰살,뇭2내샍뚯솦쫜뷌폽쮮욽,룸돶쇋2001쓪폫2005쓪16ꆫ60쯪췢살뫍돇쫐샍뚯솦뗄킡쪱릤ꆣ캪쇋뇣폚뇈뷏럖컶,컒쏇샻폃돇쫐뻓쏱쿻럑볛룱횸쫽,냑2005쓪뗄릤뮻쯣캪내2001쓪볛룱볆쯣뗄쮮욽ꆣꆡꆡ내2001쓪쫜뷌폽쮮욽뾴,헢죽샠쫜ꆡꆡ뇭2췢살샍뚯솦폫돇쫐샍뚯솦뗄킡쪱릤풪뷌폽쮮욽뗄췢살샍뚯솦뗄릤뚼뗍폚돇20012005쫐샍뚯솦ꆣ컒쏇냑쯹폐샍뚯솦뫏퓚튻웰췢살샍뚯솦돇쫐샍뚯솦췢살샍뚯솦돇쫐샍뚯솦돵훐벰틔쿂뾴,췢살샍뚯솦뗄킡쪱욽뻹릤캪룟훐믲훐풪,돇쫐샍뚯솦캪풪,뫳헟뇈잰헟룟듳벰틔짏%ꆣ폫2001쓪쿠뇈,2005쓪룷샠샍뚯뫏볆ꆡꆡꆡ솦뗄킡쪱릤쮮욽뚼쳡룟쇋ꆣ헢죽샠쫜쇏살풴:룹뻝2001쓪뫍2005쓪돇쫐샍뚯솦뗷닩쫽뻝볆쯣뗃떽ꆣ뷌폽쮮욽뗄췢살샍뚯솦뗄릤,틀좻뚼뗍폚돇쫐샍뚯솦ꆣ냑쯹폐샍뚯솦뫏퓚튻웰뾴,췢살샍뚯솦뗄킡쪱욽뻹릤쳡룟떽풪,돇쫐샍뚯솦쳡룟떽풪,뫳헟뇈잰헟룟79%ꆣ2001ꆫ2005쓪볤,췢살샍뚯솦폫돇쫐샍뚯솦뗄킡쪱릤닮뻠쯵킡쇋ꆣ뛔쫜뷌폽쮮욽뫍킡쪱릤뗄럖컶뇭쏷,췢살샍뚯솦뫍돇쫐샍뚯솦뗄쫜뷌폽쮮욽듦퓚뷏캪쏷쿔뗄닮뻠ꆣ2005쓪폫2001쓪쿠뇈,헢훖닮뻠늻뷶쎻폐쯵킡,랴뛸뮹폐삩듳뗄쟷쫆ꆣ폫쫜뷌폽쮮욽늻춬,2005쓪폫2001쓪쿠뇈,솽샠샍뚯솦뗄킡쪱릤닮뻠쯵킡ꆣ샍뚯솦뗄쫜뷌폽쮮욽폫킡쪱릤돊쿖뗄쟷쫆헽뫃쿠랴ꆣ쯄샍뚯솦뷌폽믘놨맀볆캪쇋쓜릻룼볓쟥돾뗘뷒쪾쫜뷌폽쮮욽폫킡쪱릤횮볤뗄맘쾵,컒쏇탨튪맀볆릤랽돌ꆣ퓚틔쿂늿럖,컒쏇붫룹뻝쏷죻뛻릤랽돌뗄맀볆랽램,럖뇰맀볆2001쓪폫2005쓪췢살샍뚯솦뫍돇쫐샍뚯솦뗄릤랽돌,늢뇈뷏솽샠샍뚯솦늻춬뷌폽뷗뛎뗄죋솦놾믘놨ꆣ컒쏇퓚뇈뷏솽샠샍뚯솦죋솦놾믘놨뗄믹뒡짏,닻쫍웤랢짺뗄뇤뮯ꆣ룹뻝쏷죻뛻쫕죫랽돌뗄맀볆랽램(Mincer,1974),릤랽돌쒣탍죧쿂:lnwage=ꛁ+ꛂ21s+ꛂ2e+ꛂ3e+ꛅ(1)ꆡꆡ웤훐,lnwage캪킡쪱릤쫕죫뗄ퟔ좻뛔쫽,s캪쫜뷌폽쓪쿞,e캪릤ퟷ뺭퇩쓪쫽2,e캪릤ퟷ뺭퇩쓪쫽욽랽쿮,ꛅ캪쯦믺컳닮쿮ꆣꛂ1캪쫜뷌폽쓪쿞쎿퓶볓1쓪쯹듸살뗄쫕죫뇤뮯싊ꆣ쿔좻,펰쿬릤쮮욽뗄틲쯘늻떥떥쫇쫜뷌폽쓪쿞뫍릤ퟷ뺭퇩,튻킩웤쯻틲쯘죧붡뾵ꆢ엠통ꆢ탔뇰ꆢ믩틶ힴ뿶ꆢ횰튵뫍탐튵뗈튲펰쿬샍뚯솦뗄릤ꆣ뫜뛠퇐뺿헟퓚쫕죫랽돌훐볓죫튻쾵쇐뿘훆뇤솿,틔뗃떽룼볓ힼ좷뗄죋솦놾믘놨싊ꆣ컒쏇튲뎢쫔퓚랽돌훐볓죫튻쾵쇐뿘훆뇤솿,컒쏇쯹폃뗄릤랽돌쒣탍죧쿂:lnwage=ꛁ+ꛂ1s+ꛂ2e+ꛂ23e+ꛂ4Z+ꛅ(2)랽돌(2)폫랽돌(1)뗄캩튻쟸뇰쫇볓죫쇋Z헢튻쿮ꆣZ캪튻ퟩ웤쯻뿉쓜펰쿬릤뗄뿘훆뇤솿(냼삨붡뾵ꆢ엠통ꆢ탔뇰ꆢ믩틶ힴ뿶ꆢ탐튵ꆢ쯹폐훆뫍횰튵뗈)ꆣ쳘뇰횸돶뗄쫇,폐킩톧헟죏캪,탐튵ꆢ쯹폐훆뫍횰튵뗈뇤솿,퓚릤랽돌훐쫇쓚짺뗄뇤솿ꆣ헢샠뇤솿쫇럱펦룃럅죫랽돌훐,톧헟쏇뾴램늻튻ꆣ놾컄붫맀볆솽훖릤랽돌쒣탍:뗚튻훖쒣탍훐횻냼삨쫜뷌폽쮮욽ꆢ릤ퟷ뺭퇩ꆢ붡뾵ꆢ엠통ꆢ탔뇰뫍믩틶ힴ뿶,틔벰돇쫐탩ꋙ맘폚릤,컒쏇늻뷶톯컊쇋놻뗷닩헟뗄퓂쫕죫(냼삨릤뫍내퓂랢럅뗄붱뷰뫍룷훖늹쳹),튲톯컊쇋놻뗷닩헟튻쓪훐늻내퓂랢럅뗄룷훖붱뷰ꆢ늹쳹뫍룷훖맽뷚럑믲쪵컯쫕죫ꆣ컒쏇냑뫳헟욽뻹럖첯떽쎿룶퓂쫕죫훐,뻍뿉틔뗃떽놻뗷닩헟쎿룶퓂뗃떽뗄쪵볊릤쫕죫ꆣ맘폚릤ퟷ쪱볤,컒쏇톯컊쇋놻뗷닩헟쎿퓂릤ퟷ뗄훜쫽ꆢ쎿훜릤ퟷ뗄쳬쫽뫍쎿쳬릤ퟷ뗄킡쪱쫽,샻폃헢킩탅쾢쓜릻뇈뷏죝틗뗘볆쯣돶놻뗷닩헟뗄퓂릤ퟷ킡쪱쫽ꆣ폃퓂릤ퟷ킡쪱쫽좥돽퓂릤,벴뗃떽킡쪱릤ꆣ쫀뷧뺭볃3ꆡ2009쓪뗚5웚ꆡꆤ7ꆤ' 1994-2009 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
ꆡꆡ뷌폽믘놨폫돇쿧뷌폽풴엤훃쓢뇤솿;뗚뛾훖쒣탍훐돽쇋냼삨틔짏뇤솿췢,뮹붫냼삨탐튵ꆢ쯹폐훆뫍횰튵뗈뇤솿ꆣ퓚맀볆랽돌잰,컒쏇쫗쿈뛔랽돌훐붫튪쪹폃뗄뇤솿뷸탐뷢쫍(뇭3)ꆣꆡꆡꆡꆡ뇭3쒣탍훐쪹폃뗄뇤솿뇤솿쏻ꆡꆡ뇤솿샠탍뇤솿뷢쫍ꆡꆡꆡ틲뇤솿ꆡ킡쪱릤뛔쫽솬탸뇤솿킡쪱릤뗄ퟔ좻뛔쫽ퟔ뇤솿ꆡ돵훐벰틔쿂뷌폽쓪쿞솬탸뇤솿뷓쫜돵훐벰틔쿂뷌폽뗄쓪쫽ꆡ룟훐믲훐뷌폽쓪쿞솬탸뇤솿뷓쫜룟훐(믲훐)뷌폽뗄쓪쫽ꆡ듳벰틔짏뷌폽쓪쿞솬탸뇤솿뷓쫜듳벰틔짏뷌폽뗄쓪쫽ꆡ릤ퟷ뺭퇩솬탸뇤솿쓪쇤복좥6복좥쫜뷌폽쓪쿞ꆡ릤ퟷ뺭퇩욽랽솬탸뇤솿릤ퟷ뺭퇩뗄욽랽쿮ꆡ붡뾵ힴ뿶튻냣탩쓢뇤솿붡뾵ힴ뿶닮=0붡뾵ힴ뿶튻냣=1ꆡ붡뾵ힴ뿶뫃탩쓢뇤솿붡뾵ힴ뿶닮=0붡뾵ힴ뿶뫃=1ꆡ짭룟Z횵솬탸뇤솿쎿룶죋짭룟복좥욽뻹짭룟돽틔짭룟뇪ힼ닮ꆡ쫜맽엠통탩쓢뇤솿쫜맽엠통=1캴쫜맽엠통=0ꆡ얮탔탩쓢뇤솿얮탔=1쓐탔=0ꆡ폐엤얼탩쓢뇤솿폐엤얼=1컞엤얼=0튻ퟩ탐튵탩쓢뇤솿탩쓢뇤솿쪡싔튻ퟩ쯹폐훆탩쓢뇤솿탩쓢뇤솿쪡싔튻ퟩ횰튵탩쓢뇤솿탩쓢뇤솿쪡싔쯄룶돇쫐탩쓢뇤솿탩쓢뇤솿쪡싔릤랽돌뗄틲뇤솿쫇킡쪱릤뗄ퟔ좻뛔쫽ꆣ랽돌폒뇟뗄ퟔ뇤솿쫗쿈쫇3룶맘폚쫜뷌폽쓪쿞뗄뇤솿,럖뇰쫇돵훐벰틔쿂뷌폽쓪쿞ꆢ룟훐(믲훐)뷌폽쓪쿞뫍듳벰틔짏뷌폽쓪쿞ꆣ헢3룶뇤솿럖뇰횸뷓쫜돵훐벰틔쿂뷌폽뗄쓪쫽ꆢ뷓쫜룟훐(믲훐)뷌폽뗄쓪쫽뫍뷓쫜듳벰틔짏뷌폽뗄쓪쫽ꆣꋙ퓚랽돌훐,컒쏇럖뇰럅죫튻룶샍뚯솦퓚헢죽룶뷗뛎뷓쫜뷌폽뗄쓪쿞,살럖컶웤뛔릤쫕죫뗄늻춬펰쿬,뛸늻쫇럅죫샍뚯솦ퟜ뗄쫜뷌폽쓪쿞ꆣ룹뻝죋솦놾샭싛컒쏇뿉틔풤웚,릤쫕죫쮮욽폫쫜뷌폽쮮욽돊헽쿠맘맘쾵ꆣ뇭4룸돶쇋2001쓪폫2005쓪16ꆫ60쯪샍뚯솦늻춬뷗뛎뗄쫜뷌폽쓪쿞ꆣ2001쓪,췢살샍뚯솦퓚돵훐벰틔쿂뷗뛎뗄욽뻹쫜뷌폽쓪쿞캪쓪,퓚룟훐믲훐뷗뛎뗄쫜뷌폽쓪쿞캪쓪,퓚듳벰틔짏뷗뛎뗄쫜뷌폽쓪쿞캪쓪,ퟜ뗄욽뻹쫜뷌폽쓪쿞캪쓪ꆣ돇쫐샍뚯솦퓚돵훐벰틔쿂뷗뛎뗄욽뻹쫜뷌폽쓪쿞캪쓪,퓚룟훐믲훐뷗뛎뗄쫜뷌폽쓪쿞캪쓪,퓚듳벰틔짏뷗뛎뗄쫜뷌폽쓪쿞캪쓪,ퟜ뗄욽뻹쫜뷌폽쓪쿞캪쓪ꆣ2005쓪,췢살샍뚯솦뗄욽뻹쫜뷌폽쓪쿞쳡룟훁쓪,돇쫐샍뚯솦뗄쫜뷌폽쓪쿞쳡룟훁쓪ꆣ2001쓪뫍2005쓪솽쓪훐,퓚쎿룶뷗뛎,돇쫐샍뚯솦뗄욽뻹쫜뷌폽쓪쿞뚼룟폚췢살샍뚯솦ꆣꋙ컒쏇뻙벸룶샽ퟓ살쮵쏷헢3룶뇤솿뗄볆쯣랽램:죧맻튻룶샍뚯솦뗄쫜뷌폽돌뛈캪돵훐뛾쓪벶,쓇쎴웤돵훐벰틔쿂뷌폽쓪쿞캪8쓪,룟훐(믲훐)뷌폽쓪쿞뫍듳벰틔짏뷌폽쓪쿞뚼캪0쓪;죧맻튻룶샍뚯솦뗄쫜뷌폽돌뛈캪룟훐튻쓪벶,쓇쎴웤돵훐벰틔쿂뷌폽쓪쿞캪9쓪,룟훐(믲훐)뷌폽쓪쿞캪1쓪,듳벰틔짏뷌폽쓪쿞캪0쓪;죧맻튻룶샍뚯솦뗄쫜뷌폽돌뛈캪듳톧뛾쓪벶,쓇쎴웤돵훐벰틔쿂뷌폽쓪쿞캪9쓪,룟훐(믲훐)뷌폽쓪쿞캪3쓪,듳벰틔짏뷌폽쓪쿞캪2쓪ꆣ쫀뷧뺭볃3ꆡ2009쓪뗚5웚ꆡꆤ8ꆤ' 1994-2009 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
췵쏀퇞ꆡꆡꆡꆡ뇭4췢살샍뚯솦폫돇쫐샍뚯솦늻춬뷗뛎뗄쫜뷌폽쓪쿞랽돌훐뮹틽죫쇋릤ퟷ뺭퇩벰웤욽랽20012005쿮ꆣ폃쓪쇤복좥6(톧쇤잰쪱웚),퓙복좥췢살샍뚯솦돇쫐샍뚯솦췢살샍뚯솦돇쫐샍뚯솦돵훐벰틔쿂쫜뷌폽쓪쿞,ퟷ캪릤ퟷ뺭퇩뗄듺샭횸뇪ꆣ룟훐믲훐튻냣살쮵,쯦ퟅ릤ퟷ뺭퇩뗄퓶볓,릤쫕듳벰틔짏죫믡늻뛏쳡룟,떫릤ퟷ뺭퇩뎤떽튻뚨돌뛈뫏볆ꆡꆡꆡ뫳,쫕죫쳡룟뗄쯙뛈믡훰붥복싽ꆣ틲듋,쇏살풴:룹뻝2001쓪뫍2005쓪돇쫐샍뚯솦뗷닩쫽뻝볆쯣뗃떽ꆣ릤ퟷ뺭퇩뛔릤뗄펰쿬랽쿲풤웚펦캪헽,뛸릤ퟷ뺭퇩욽랽쿮펰쿬캪뢺ꆣ돽쇋뷌폽췢,붡뾵ힴ뿶튲놻죏캪쫇랴펳죋솦놾쮮욽뗄훘튪횸뇪ꆣ뗷닩톯컊쇋죋쏇뛔붡뾵ힴ뿶뗄ퟔ컒움볛,럖뇰쫇뫜닮ꆢ뷏닮ꆢ튻냣ꆢ뷏뫃뫍뫜뫃ꆣ컒쏇냑뫜닮뫍뷏닮솽쿮뫏늢캪닮,뷏뫃뫍뫜뫃솽쿮뫏늢캪뫃,퓚랽돌훐럅죫쇋붡뾵ힴ뿶튻냣뫍붡뾵ힴ뿶뫃솽룶탩쓢뇤솿(붡뾵ힴ뿶닮캪닎헕ퟩ)ꆣ뛔붡뾵ힴ뿶뗄ퟔ컒움볛쫇랴펳붡뾵ힴ뿶뗄뷏캪훷맛뗄횸뇪ꆣ랽돌훐뮹틽죫쇋짭룟Z횵,ퟷ캪랴펳붡뾵ힴ뿶뗄뷏캪뿍맛뗄횸뇪ꆣ쿔좻,헢킩뇤솿뛔릤펦룃뚼쫇헽쿲펰쿬ꆣ듋췢,컒쏇퓚랽돌훐뮹럅죫쫜맽엠통탩쓢뇤솿(캴쫜맽엠통캪닎헕ퟩ)ꆢ얮탔탩쓢뇤솿(쓐탔캪닎헕ퟩ)뫍폐엤얼(컞엤얼)캪닎헕ퟩꆣ쫜맽엠통뫍얮탔탩쓢뇤솿,뛔릤펦룃럖뇰캪헽쿲뫍뢺쿲펰쿬,뛸폐컞엤얼뛔릤뗄펰쿬랽쿲뷏캪쒣뫽ꆣ틔얩쇖쓁폦쮮샻튵캪닎헕ퟩ,탐튵탩쓢뇤솿냼삨훆퓬튵뗈쪮죽룶탐튵ꆣ틔떳헾믺맘뫍쫂튵떥캻캪닎헕ퟩ,쯹폐훆탩쓢뇤솿냼삨맺폐뛀벰뿘막웳튵ꆢ벯쳥뛀벰뿘막웳튵ꆢ쮽펪뛀뫍뿘막웳튵틔벰쏱냬웳쫂튵뫍룶쳥웳튵ꆢ췢뛀벰뫏웳튵릲쯄룶ꆣ틔릤죋캪닎헕ퟩ,횰튵탩쓢뇤솿캪탐헾맜샭벰튵벼쫵죋풱ꆣ틔짏몣캪닎헕ퟩ,돇쫐탩쓢뇤솿냼삨커몺ꆢ짲퇴ꆢ뢣훝뫍컷낲ꆣ(튻)16ꆫ60쯪죋솦놾믘놨맀볆떽쿖퓚캪횹,컒쏇튻횱퓚쳖싛16ꆫ60쯪뗄샍뚯솦뗄쟩뿶ꆣ틲듋,컒쏇쫗쿈맀볆뒦폚헢튻쓪쇤뛎뗄샍뚯솦뗄릤랽돌ꆣ뇭5룸돶쇋2001쓪뫍2005쓪췢살샍뚯솦뫍돇쫐샍뚯솦뗄릤랽돌맀볆뷡맻ꆣꋙ뇭훐냼삨2001쓪뫍2005쓪릲8룶쒣탍뗄맀볆뷡맻ꆣ쎿튻쓪훐,췢살샍뚯솦뫍돇쫐샍뚯솦뚼럖뇰맀볆쇋솽룶쒣탍ꆣ죧잰쏦쳡떽뗄쓇퇹,뗚튻룶쒣탍훐늻냼삨탐튵ꆢ쯹폐훆뫍횰튵탩쓢뇤솿;뗚뛾룶쒣탍훐냼삨헢킩뇤솿ꆣ뷡맻쿔쪾,퓚헢솽쓪훐늻싛쫇췢살뮹쫇돇쫐샍뚯솦,냼삨쇋탐튵ꆢ쯹폐훆뫍횰튵탩쓢뇤솿뗄쒣탍뗄R2(벴뷢쫍쾵쫽)뚼폐쇋듳럹뛈쳡룟ꆣ틔2001쓪췢살샍뚯솦캪샽,냼삨쇋탐튵ꆢ쯹폐훆뫍횰튵탩쓢뇤솿뗄쒣탍뗄R2,뇈캴냼삨헢킩뇤솿뗄쒣탍뗄R2쳡룟쇋10룶냙럖뗣,랽돌뗄뷢쫍솦듳듳쳡룟ꆣ컒쏇죏캪,냼삨쇋탐튵ꆢ쯹폐훆뫍횰튵탩쓢뇤솿뗄쒣탍,쓜릻룼뫃뗘뷢쫍릤뗄펰쿬틲쯘ꆣ컒쏇틔쿂붫훷튪뷢쫍냼삨쇋탐튵ꆢ쯹폐훆뫍횰튵탩쓢뇤솿뗄4룶쒣탍,벴쒣탍(2)ꆢ(4)ꆢ(6)뫍(8)ꆣ뛔폚틔짏뗄맀볆뷡맻,컒쏇ퟮ맘힢뗄떱좻쫇뷌폽믘놨ꆣ퓚럖컶뷌폽믘놨잰,컒쏇뛔랽돌훐뗄웤쯻뇤솿싔볓쮵쏷ꆣ4룶쒣탍훐뗄웤쯻뇤솿뗄맀볆뷡맻믹놾짏뚼뇈뷏럻뫏컒쏇뗄풤웚ꆣ릤ퟷ뺭퇩쿔훸뗘헽쿲펰쿬췢살샍뚯솦뗄릤,떫퓚돇쫐샍뚯솦뗄쒣탍훐늻쿔훸;릤ퟷ뺭퇩욽랽쿮쿔훸뗘뢺쿲펰쿬췢살샍뚯솦뗄릤,떫퓚돇쫐샍뚯솦뗄쒣탍훐늻쿔훸ꆣ붡뾵ힴ뿶뛔췢살샍뚯솦뗄릤쎻폐쿔훸펰쿬,떫뛔돇쫐샍뚯솦뗄릤폐쿔훸뗄헽쿲펰쿬ꆣ짭룟Z횵퓚4룶쒣탍훐뚼쿔훸캪헽ꆣ쫜맽엠통탩쓢뇤솿퓚2001쓪뗄쒣탍훐쿔훸,퓚2005쓪뗄쒣탍훐늻쿔훸ꆣ얮탔탩쓢뇤솿믹놾뚼캪쿔훸뗄뢺쿲펰쿬,뷶뛔2005쓪뗄췢살샍뚯ꋙ놾컄쯹폐릤랽돌뚼닉폃컈붡뇪ힼ컳맀볆,틔쿻돽뿉쓜듦퓚뗄틬랽닮뗄펰쿬ꆣ쫀뷧뺭볃3ꆡ2009쓪뗚5웚ꆡꆤ9ꆤ' 1994-2009 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
ꆡꆡ뷌폽믘놨폫돇쿧뷌폽풴엤훃솦샽췢ꆣ폐엤얼탩쓢뇤솿퓚쯄룶쒣탍훐뚼늻쿔훸ꆣ탐튵ꆢ쯹폐훆ꆢ횰튵뫍돇쫐탩쓢뇤솿뗄쟩뿶,퓚듋늻튻튻쮵쏷ꆣ뇭516ꆫ60쯪샍뚯솦릤랽돌맀볆뷡맻20012005췢살샍뚯솦돇쫐샍뚯솦췢살샍뚯솦돇쫐샍뚯솦(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)돵훐벰틔쿂()()()()()()()()룟훐믲훐()()()()()()()()듳벰틔짏()()()()()()()()릤ퟷ뺭퇩()()()()()()()()릤ퟷ뺭퇩욽랽()()()()()()()()붡뾵ힴ뿶튻냣()()()()()()()()붡뾵ힴ뿶뫃()()()()()()()()짭룟Z횵()()()()()()()()쫜맽엠통()()()()()()()()얮탔()()()()()()()()폐엤얼()()()()()()()()탐튵럱쫇럱쫇럱쫇럱쫇쯹폐훆럱쫇럱쫇럱쫇럱쫇횰튵럱쫇럱쫇럱쫇럱쫇돇쫐쫇쫇쫇쫇쫇쫇쫇쫇뎣쫽쿮()()()()()()()()맛달횵룶쫽ꆡꆡ쮵쏷333:쫇횸퓚1%쮮욽짏쿔훸33,쫇횸퓚35%쮮욽짏쿔훸,쫇횸퓚10%쮮욽짏쿔훸;삨뫅쓚캪t횵뗄뻸뛔횵;ꆰ쫇ꆱ쫇횸룃뇤솿냼삨퓚쒣탍훐,ꆰ럱ꆱ쫇횸캴냼삨퓚쒣탍훐ꆣ뷓쿂살쳖싛컒쏇ퟮ룐탋좤뗄뷌폽믘놨ꆣ맘폚뷌폽뇤솿,컒쏇퓚랽돌훐볓죫뗄쫇돵훐벰틔쿂ꆢ룟훐믲훐뫍듳벰틔짏헢죽룶뷗뛎뷓쫜뷌폽뗄쓪쫽ꆣ헢폫춨뎣릤랽돌훐볓죫ퟜ뗄쫜뷌폽쓪쿞폐쯹늻춬ꆣꋙ맘폚뷌폽뇤솿쾵쫽뗄몬틥,폐뇘튪쳘뇰쮵쏷ꆣ뻙샽살쮵,2001쓪췢살샍뚯솦돵훐벰틔쿂뗄쾵쫽캪,ꋙ컄헂ퟮ뫳룸돶뢽뇭1뫍2,럖뇰캪16ꆫ60쯪뫍16ꆫ40쯪샍뚯솦럅죫ퟜ쫜뷌폽쓪쿞쪱뗄릤랽돌맀볆뷡맻ꆣ룐탋좤뗄뛁헟뿉틔닩뾴ꆣ쫀뷧뺭볃3ꆡ2009쓪뗚5웚ꆡꆤ10ꆤ' 1994-2009 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
췵쏀퇞ꆡꆡ쮵쏷퓚돵훐벰틔쿂헢룶뷌폽뷗뛎,쫜뷌폽쓪쫽쎿퓶볓1쓪,릤퓶뎤%;룟훐믲훐뗄쾵쫽캪,쮵쏷퓚룟훐믲훐헢룶뷌폽뷗뛎,쫜뷌폽쓪쫽쎿퓶볓1쓪,릤퓶뎤%;듳벰틔짏뗄쾵쫽캪,쮵쏷퓚듳벰틔짏헢룶뷌폽뷗뛎,쫜뷌폽쓪쫽쎿퓶볓1쓪,릤퓶뎤%ꆣ헢4룶쒣탍훐,폐맘뷌폽믘놨뗄뇤솿뚼쫇쿔훸뗄ꆣ헢훖ힴ뿶뇭쏷,퓚웤쯻쳵볾쿠춬뗄쟩뿶쿂,늻싛쫇췢살샍뚯솦뮹쫇돇쫐샍뚯솦,퓚헢죽룶뷌폽뷗뛎짏,쫜뷌폽쓪쫽쎿퓶볓1쓪,릤뚼믡폐쿔훸뗄퓶뎤ꆣ떫쫇,뷶뷶쇋뷢떽헢튻뗣풶풶늻릻,컒쏇뮹쾣췻횪뗀퓚쎿룶뷌폽뷗뛎,췢살샍뚯솦뫍돇쫐샍뚯솦뗄믘놨쫇럱듦퓚닮틬ꆣ떥듓쾵쫽듳킡짏뾴,솽샠샍뚯솦뗄믘놨쿔좻쫇늻춬뗄,헢퓚2001쓪뫍2005쓪뚼쫇죧듋ꆣ2001쓪췢살샍뚯솦퓚듳벰틔짏뷌폽뷗뛎,쫜뷌폽쓪쫽쎿퓶볓1쓪,릤퓶뎤%;돇쫐샍뚯솦뗄헢튻뇈샽캪%,잰헟풶듳폚뫳헟ꆣ떽2005쓪,췢살샍뚯솦뗄헢튻뇈샽캪%;돇쫐샍뚯솦뗄헢튻뇈샽캪%,잰헟킡폚뫳헟ꆣ떫쫇,뷶뷶룹뻝믘맩쾵쫽뗄듳킡,컒쏇늻쓜뛏뚨췢살샍뚯솦뫍돇쫐샍뚯솦뗄믘놨룟뗍,죴튪뇈뷏솽샠샍뚯솦뗄쫜뷌폽믘놨룟뗍,뮹뇘탫뷸탐Chow볬퇩ꆣChow볬퇩쫇튻훖F볬퇩,폃폚볬퇩솽룶좺쳥뗄쒳룶ꆢ쒳ퟩ믲좫늿뇤솿뗄믘맩쾵쫽듳킡쫇럱뻟폐쿔훸탔닮틬ꆣ듋뒦Chow볬퇩뗄풭볙짨뿉틔짨뚨캪:솽룶좺쳥뗄쒳룶믘맩쾵쫽쿠춬ꆣ죧맻룃볬퇩뗄F춳볆솿쿔훸,컒쏇뻍뿉틔뻜뻸풭볙짨,튲뻍쫇쮵,솽룶좺쳥뗄쒳룶뇤솿뗄믘맩쾵쫽뻟폐쿔훸탔닮틬ꆣ럱퓲,컒쏇늻쓜뻜뻸풭볙짨ꆣChow볬퇩뗄F횵퓚뇭6훐쇐돶ꆣ볬퇩뷡맻뇭쏷,2001ꆡꆡ뇭616ꆫ60쯪샍뚯솦뷌폽쓪쿞믘놨쾵쫽벰웤닮틬볬퇩쓪돵훐벰틔쿂뷗뛎뗄뷌폽20012005쓪쿞믘놨,퓚췢살샍뚯솦뫍췢살샍뚯솦돇쫐샍뚯솦F횵췢살샍뚯솦돇쫐샍뚯솦F횵돵훐벰틔쿂돇쫐샍뚯솦횮볤쎻폐쿔훸룟훐믲훐탔닮틬;퓚룟훐믲훐뫍듳듳벰틔짏벰틔짏뷗뛎,뷌폽쓪쿞믘놨퓚췢살샍뚯솦뫍돇쫐샍뚯솦횮볤뻟폐쿔훸탔닮틬ꆣ췢살샍뚯솦퓚헢솽룶뷌폽뷗뛎뗄믘놨쿔훸룟폚돇쫐샍뚯솦ꆣ떽2005쓪,쟩뿶랢짺쇋튻킩뇤뮯ꆣ돵훐벰틔쿂뷗뛎뗄뷌폽쓪쿞믘놨,퓚췢살샍뚯솦뫍돇쫐샍뚯솦횮볤틀좻쎻폐쿔훸닮틬;퓚룟훐믲훐뷗뛎,뷌폽쓪쿞믘놨퓚췢살샍뚯솦뫍돇쫐샍뚯솦횮볤뻟폐쿔훸닮틬;퓚듳벰틔짏뷗뛎,뷌폽쓪쿞믘놨퓚췢살샍뚯솦뫍돇쫐샍뚯솦횮볤늻뻟폐쿔훸닮틬ꆣퟜ뗄살뾴,뷌폽믘놨퓚2001뫍2005솽쓪훐뚼뻟폐쿔훸닮틬뗄쫇룟훐믲훐뷗뛎,췢살샍뚯솦퓚헢튻뷌폽뷗뛎뗄믘놨룟폚돇쫐샍뚯솦,솽헟닮뻠듓2001쓪뗄룶냙럖뗣,삩듳떽2005쓪뗄룶냙럖뗣ꆣ틔짏쫇췢살샍뚯솦뫍돇쫐샍뚯솦늻춬뷌폽뷗뛎뗄믘놨뇈뷏ꆣ돽듋횮췢,췢살샍뚯솦뫍돇쫐샍뚯솦쓚늿늻춬뷌폽뷗뛎뗄믘놨뇈뷏,튲쫇횵뗃맘힢뗄ꆣ늻춬뷌폽뷗뛎뗄믘놨뇈뷏,뿉틔폃뇟볊믘놨뫢솿ꆣ뇟볊믘놨뻍쫇쒳튻뷌폽뷗뛎폫웤짏튻뷌폽뷗뛎믘놨뗄닮틬ꆣ쒳튻뷌폽뷗뛎뗄쓪쿞믘맩쾵쫽복좥웤짏튻뷗뛎뗄쾵쫽,뻍뿉틔뗃떽듋뷌폽뷗뛎뗄뇟볊믘놨쾵쫽ꆣ뇭7룸돶쇋늻춬뷌폽뷗뛎뗄뇟볊믘놨쾵쫽틔벰볬퇩뇟볊믘놨쫇럱쿔훸뗄t횵ꆣ2001쓪,췢살샍뚯솦룟훐믲훐뷗뛎뗄뇟볊믘놨쾵쫽캪뛸쟒쿔훸ꆣ헢틢캶ퟅ,룟훐믲훐뷗뛎뗄뷌폽쎿퓶볓1쓪쯹듸살뗄릤쫕죫퓶뎤뗄뇈샽,뇈돵훐벰틔쿂뷗뛎뗄뷌폽쓪쫽퓶볓1쓪듸살뗄릤퓶뎤뗄뇈샽룟룶냙럖뗣ꆣ듳벰틔짏뷗뛎뗄뇟볊믘놨캪뛸쟒쿔훸,틢캶ퟅ듳벰틔짏뷗뛎뗄뷌폽쓪쫽쎿퓶볓1쓪쯹듸살뗄릤쫕죫퓶뎤뗄뇈샽,뇈룟훐믲훐뷗뛎룟룶냙럖뗣ꆣ돇쫐샍뚯솦룟훐믲훐뷗뛎뗄뇟볊믘놨쾵쫽늻쿔훸ꆣ듳벰틔짏뷗뛎뗄뇟볊믘놨캪뛸쟒쿔훸ꆣ헢틢캶ퟅ,듳벰쫀뷧뺭볃3ꆡ2009쓪뗚5웚ꆡꆤ11ꆤ' 1994-2009 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
ꆡꆡ뷌폽믘놨폫돇쿧뷌폽풴엤훃틔짏뷗뛎뗄뷌폽쓪쫽쎿퓶볓1쓪쯹듸살뗄릤쫕죫퓶뎤뗄뇈샽,뇈룟훐믲훐뷗뛎룟룶냙럖뗣ꆣ뇭716ꆫ60쯪샍뚯솦늻춬뷌폽뷗뛎뇟볊믘놨벰웤쿔훸탔볬퇩췢살샍뚯솦돇쫐샍뚯솦믘놨쾵쫽뇟볊믘놨쾵쫽t횵믘놨쾵쫽뇟볊믘놨쾵쫽t횵2001쓪돵훐벰틔쿂--ꆡ룟훐믲훐ꆡ듳벰틔짏쓪돵훐벰틔쿂--ꆡ룟훐믲훐ꆡ듳벰틔짏ꆡꆡ쮵쏷:볬퇩랽램캪t볬퇩;놾퇐뺿훐,돵훐벰틔쿂뷌폽놻뫏늢캪튻ퟩ,캪ퟮ뗍뷌폽뷗뛎,틲듋,돵훐벰틔쿂뗄뇟볊믘놨쾵쫽쪵볊짏뗈폚웤믘놨쾵쫽,웤몬틥늻듳,뇭훐캴쇐돶,튲늻뷸탐쳖싛ꆣ2005쓪,췢살샍뚯솦룟훐믲훐뷗뛎뗄뇟볊믘놨쾵쫽캪뛸쟒쿔훸ꆣ헢틢캶ퟅ,룟훐믲훐뷗뛎뗄뷌폽쓪쫽쎿퓶볓1쓪쯹듸살뗄릤쫕죫퓶뎤뗄뇈샽,뇈돵훐벰틔쿂뷗뛎뗄뷌폽쓪쫽퓶볓1쓪듸살뗄릤퓶뎤뗄뇈샽룟8룶냙럖뗣ꆣ듳벰틔짏뷗뛎뗄뇟볊믘놨늻쿔훸ꆣ돇쫐샍뚯솦룟훐믲훐뷗뛎뗄뇟볊믘놨쾵쫽늻쿔훸ꆣ듳벰틔짏뷗뛎뗄뇟볊믘놨캪뛸쟒쿔훸ꆣ헢틢캶ퟅ,듳벰틔짏뷗뛎뗄뷌폽쓪쫽쎿퓶볓1쓪쯹듸살뗄릤쫕죫퓶뎤뗄뇈샽,뇈룟훐믲훐뷗뛎룟5룶냙럖뗣ꆣ뛔뇈솽쓪뗄쟩뿶뿉틔랢쿖,뛔췢살샍뚯솦뛸퇔,2005쓪뗄쟩뿶폫2001쓪볈폐쿠춬뗣,튲듦퓚튻킩닮틬ꆣ쿠춬뗣쫇,퓚헢솽쓪훐쫜맽룟훐믲훐뷌폽뗄샍뚯솦,폫뷶쫜맽돵훐벰틔쿂뷌폽뗄죋쿠뇈,릤믘놨뚼폐쿔훸쳡룟ꆣ닮틬쫇:2001쓪쫜맽듳벰틔짏뷌폽뗄샍뚯솦,폫뷶쫜맽룟훐믲훐뷌폽뗄죋쿠뇈,릤믘놨쿔훸쳡룟;떽2005쓪,쫜맽듳벰틔짏뷌폽뗄샍뚯솦,폫뷶쫜맽룟훐믲훐뷌폽헟쿠뇈,릤믘놨쎻폐쿔훸뇤뮯ꆣ뛔돇쫐샍뚯솦뛸퇔,2005뗄쟩뿶폫2001쓪쿠춬,벴뷓쫜룟훐믲훐뷌폽뗄샍뚯솦폫뷶쫜맽돵훐벰틔쿂뷌폽헟쿠뇈,릤믘놨쎻폐쿔훸쳡룟ꆣ샍뚯솦뷓쫜맽듳벰틔짏뷌폽,폫뷶쫜맽룟훐믲훐뷌폽쿠뇈,릤믘놨닅믡쿔훸쳡룟ꆣ(뛾)16ꆫ40쯪죋솦놾믘놨맀볆췢살샍뚯솦뫍돇쫐샍뚯솦뗄쓪쇤뷡릹폐뫜듳닮틬,폫돇쫐샍뚯솦쿠뇈,췢살샍뚯솦듳뛠뇈뷏쓪쟡(쇵붨뷸,2006)ꆣ놾퇐뺿쯹쪹폃뗄쫽뻝튲횤쪵쇋헢튻뗣ꆣ2001쓪,91%뗄췢살샍뚯솦뗄쓪쇤퓚40쯪틔쿂,뛸돇쫐샍뚯솦뗄헢튻뇈샽뷶캪47%ꆣ2005쓪,췢살샍뚯솦뗄욽뻹쓪쇤폐쯹쳡룟,떫죔폐79%뗄췢살샍뚯솦뗄쓪쇤퓚40쯪틔쿂,뛸돇쫐샍뚯솦뗄헢튻뇈샽뷶캪43%ꆣ캪쇋쪹솽샠샍뚯솦뗄맀볆뷡맻룼뻟폐뿉뇈탔,컒쏇폐뇘튪붫쓪쇤랶캧쯵킡떽16ꆫ40쯪,퓙살맀볆죋솦놾믘놨,늢폫16ꆫ60쯪뗄뷡맻뷸탐뛔뇈ꆣ16ꆫ40쯪샍뚯솦뗄릤랽돌맀볆뷡맻볻뇭8ꆣ폫뇭5뗄샭평쿠춬,뛔폚뇭8,컒쏇틀좻훷튪쳖싛쒣탍(2)ꆢ(4)ꆢ(6)뫍(8)ꆣ맘힢뗣벯훐퓚뷌폽믘놨,폐맘웤쯻뇤솿뗄맀볆뷡맻,퓚듋늻퓙뛠ퟶ쮵쏷ꆣ뇭5뛔16ꆫ60쯪샍뚯솦뗄맀볆뷡맻뇭쏷,폐맘뷌폽믘놨뗄뇤솿뚼쫇쿔훸뗄ꆣ16ꆫ40쯪샍뚯솦뗄릤랽돌맀볆,돊쿖쇋폫듋폐닮틬뗄뷡맻ꆣ2001쓪뗄췢살샍뚯솦릤랽돌훐,돵훐벰틔쿂ꆢ룟훐믲훐뫍듳벰틔짏헢죽룶뇤솿뚼쫇쿔훸뗄ꆣ떫2001쓪뗄돇쫐샍뚯솦릤랽돌틔벰2005쓪솽샠샍뚯솦뗄릤랽돌훐,돵훐벰틔쿂뇤솿뚼늻퓙쿔훸ꆣ헢뇭쏷퓚돵훐벰틔쿂뷗뛎,쫜뷌폽쓪쫽쎿퓶볓1쓪,릤쎻폐쿔훸퓶뎤ꆣ뇭9룸돶쇋샍뚯솦뷌폽쓪쿞믘놨쾵쫽벰웤닮틬볬퇩(Chow볬퇩)ꆣ뛔폚16ꆫ40쯪뗄샍뚯솦뛸퇔,뷌폽믘놨퓚2001뫍2005솽쓪훐뚼뻟폐쿔훸닮틬뗄쫇룟훐믲훐뷗뛎,췢살샍뚯솦퓚헢튻뷌폽뷗뛎뗄믘놨쫀뷧뺭볃3ꆡ2009쓪뗚5웚ꆡꆤ12ꆤ' 1994-2009 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
췵쏀퇞ꆡꆡ룟폚돇쫐샍뚯솦,솽헟닮뻠듓2001쓪뗄룶냙럖뗣,삩듳떽2005쓪뗄룶냙럖뗣ꆣ헢폫뇭6훐뷒쪾뗄16ꆫ60쯪뗄샍뚯솦뗄ힴ뿶럇뎣샠쯆ꆣ캩튻늻춬뗄쫇,2005쓪16ꆫ40쯪뗄췢살샍뚯솦룟훐믲훐뷗뛎뗄뷌폽믘놨뇈돇쫐샍뚯솦룟돶뗄뇈샽,룟폚16ꆫ60쯪뗄샍뚯솦뗄헢튻뇈샽ꆣꆡꆡ뇭816ꆫ40쯪샍뚯솦릤랽돌맀볆뷡맻20012005췢살샍뚯솦돇쫐샍뚯솦췢살샍뚯솦돇쫐샍뚯솦(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)돵훐벰틔쿂()()()()()()()()룟훐믲훐()()()()()()()()듳벰틔짏()()()()()()()()릤ퟷ뺭퇩()()()()()()()()릤ퟷ뺭퇩욽랽()()()()()()()()붡뾵ힴ뿶튻냣()()()()()()()()붡뾵ힴ뿶뫃()()()()()()()()짭룟Z횵()()()()()()()()쫜맽엠통()()()()()()()()얮탔()()()()()()()()폐엤얼()()()()()()()()탐튵럱쫇럱쫇럱쫇럱쫇쯹폐훆럱쫇럱쫇럱쫇럱쫇횰튵럱쫇럱쫇럱쫇럱쫇돇쫐쫇쫇쫇쫇쫇쫇쫇쫇뎣쫽쿮()()()()()()()()맛달횵룶쫽ꆡꆡ쮵쏷333:쫇횸퓚1%쮮욽짏쿔훸33,쫇횸퓚5%쮮욽짏쿔훸3,쫇횸퓚10%쮮욽짏쿔훸;삨뫅쓚캪t횵뗄뻸뛔횵;ꆰ쫇ꆱ쫇횸룃뇤솿냼삨퓚쒣탍훐,ꆰ럱ꆱ쫇횸캴냼삨퓚쒣탍훐ꆣꆡꆡ뇭916ꆫ40쯪샍뚯솦뷌폽쓪쿞믘놨쾵쫽벰웤닮틬볬퇩컒쏇쿖퓚퓙살뾴췢살20012005샍뚯솦뫍돇쫐샍뚯솦쓚늿췢살샍뚯솦돇쫐샍뚯솦F횵췢살샍뚯솦돇쫐샍뚯솦F횵돵훐벰틔쿂늻춬뷌폽뷗뛎뗄믘놨뇈뷏룟훐믲훐(뇭10)ꆣ폫뇭7뛔뇈뿉틔.듳벰틔짏랢쿖,16ꆫ40쯪뗄샍뚯솦쫀뷧뺭볃3ꆡ2009쓪뗚5웚ꆡꆤ13ꆤ' 1994-2009 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
ꆡꆡ뷌폽믘놨폫돇쿧뷌폽풴엤훃뗄쟩탎폫16ꆫ60쯪뗄쟩탎럇뎣쿠쯆ꆣ2001쓪,샍뚯솦죧맻쫜맽룟훐믲훐뷌폽,폫뷶쫜맽돵훐벰틔쿂뷌폽헟쿠뇈,릤믘놨쿔훸쳡룟;샍뚯솦죧맻쫜맽듳벰틔짏뷌폽,폫뷶쫜맽룟훐믲훐뷌폽헟쿠뇈,릤믘놨튲쿔훸쳡룟ꆣ떽2005쓪,뛔췢살샍뚯솦뛸퇔,죧맻쫜맽룟훐믲훐뷌폽,폫뷶쫜맽돵훐벰틔쿂뷌폽헟쿠뇈,릤믘놨쿔훸쳡룟;죧맻쫜맽듳벰틔짏뷌폽,폫뷶쫜맽룟훐믲훐뷌폽쿠뇈,릤믘놨쎻폐쿔훸뇤뮯ꆣ돇쫐샍뚯솦뗄쟩뿶폫듋늻춬ꆣ늻싛쫇2001쓪뮹쫇2005쓪,돇쫐샍뚯솦죧맻쫜맽룟훐믲훐뷌폽,폫뷶쫜맽돵훐벰틔쿂뷌폽헟쿠뇈,릤믘놨늻믡쿔훸쳡룟;죧맻뷓쫜맽듳벰틔짏뷌폽,폫뷶쫜맽룟훐믲훐뷌폽쿠뇈,릤믘놨믡쿔훸쳡룟ꆣ뇭1016ꆫ40쯪샍뚯솦늻춬뷌폽뷗뛎뇟볊믘놨벰웤쿔훸탔볬퇩췢살샍뚯솦돇쫐샍뚯솦믘놨쾵쫽뇟볊믘놨쾵쫽t횵믘놨쾵쫽뇟볊믘놨쾵쫽t횵2001쓪돵훐벰틔쿂--ꆡ룟훐믲훐ꆡ듳벰틔짏쓪돵훐벰틔쿂--ꆡ룟훐믲훐ꆡ듳벰틔짏쮵쏷:볬퇩랽램캪t볬퇩;놾퇐뺿훐,돵훐벰틔쿂뷌폽놻뫏늢캪튻ퟩ,캪ퟮ뗍뷌폽뷗뛎,틲듋,돵훐벰틔쿂뗄뇟볊믘놨쾵쫽쪵볊짏뗈폚웤믘놨쾵쫽,웤몬틥늻듳,뇭훐캴쇐돶,튲늻뷸탐쳖싛ꆣꆡꆡ16ꆫ40쯪샍뚯솦뗄맀볆뷡맻폫16ꆫ60쯪샍뚯솦뗄맀볆뷡맻볈폐쿠춬뗣,튲폐늻춬뗣ꆣ쿠춬횮뒦훷튪폐솽뗣:뗚튻,뷌폽믘놨퓚2001뫍2005솽쓪훐뚼뻟폐쿔훸닮틬뗄쫇룟훐믲훐뷗뛎,뛸쟒쫇췢살샍뚯솦퓚헢튻뷌폽뷗뛎뗄믘놨룟폚돇쫐샍뚯솦,솽헟닮뻠퓚2005쓪퓶듳;뗚뛾,췢살샍뚯솦뫍돇쫐샍뚯솦쓚늿늻춬뷌폽뷗뛎뗄믘놨뇈뷏,퓚2001쓪뫍2005쓪뗄쟩뿶뚼쫇쿠춬뗄ꆣ늻춬횮뒦튲훷튪폐솽뗣:뗚튻,뛔폚16ꆫ40쯪뗄샍뚯솦살쮵,돵훐벰틔쿂뇤솿퓚2001쓪돇쫐샍뚯솦ꆢ2005쓪뗄췢살샍뚯솦뫍돇쫐샍뚯솦뗄릤랽돌훐뚼늻퓙쿔훸,뛸뛔폚16ꆫ60쯪뗄샍뚯솦뛸퇔,헢룶뇤솿퓚쯹폐랽돌훐뚼쫇쿔훸뗄;뗚뛾,2005쓪,16ꆫ40쯪뗄췢살샍뚯솦룟훐믲훐뷗뛎뗄뷌폽믘놨뇈돇쫐샍뚯솦룟돶뗄뇈샽,룟폚16-60쯪뗄샍뚯솦뗄헢튻뇈샽ꆣ컥훷튪뷡싛뫍헾닟붨틩놾컄훷튪뗃돶죽뗣뷡싛ꆣ뗚튻,늻싛쫇췢살샍뚯솦뮹쫇돇쫐샍뚯솦,퓚돵훐벰틔쿂ꆢ룟훐믲훐뫍듳벰틔짏헢죽룶뷌폽뷗뛎,쫜뷌폽쓪쫽쎿퓶볓튻쓪,릤뚼믡폐쿔훸뗄퓶뎤ꆣ헢튻뷡싛뗄헾닟몬틥뻍쫇:죃쎿룶죋뚼뷓쫜룼뛠뗄뷌폽ꆣ튪죃쎿룶죋뷓쫜룼뛠뗄뷌폽,뻍튪퓶볓뷌폽춶죫ꆣ뷌폽춶죫냼삨맺볒춶죫뫍볒춥춶죫솽늿럖ꆣ죧맻볙뚨볒춥뛔ퟓ얮뗄뷌폽춶욫쿲퓚뛌웚쓚늻뇤,쓇쎴,튪쿫쳡룟쯹폐죋뗄쫜뷌폽쓪쫽,뇘탫볓듳맺볒뛔뷌폽뗄춶죫ꆣ퓚럖컶16ꆫ40쯪뗄뷏캪쓪쟡뗄샍뚯솦쪱컒쏇랢쿖,2005쓪늻싛쫇췢살샍뚯솦뮹쫇돇쫐샍뚯솦,돵훐벰틔쿂뇤솿늻퓙쿔훸ꆣ튲뻍쫇쮵,뷶뷶뷓쫜돵훐뷌폽,뛔샍뚯솦릤쳡룟뗄뇟볊ퟷ폃틑뺭늻듳,샍뚯솦뇘탫뷓쫜룼룟쮮욽뗄뷌폽ꆣ쒿잰,훐맺뗄뷌폽춶죫훷튪욫쿲폚뻅쓪틥컱뷌폽뷗뛎ꆣ뺡맜돇쫐뫍얩듥죋뿚퓚틥컱뷌폽뷗뛎뗄춶죫틀좻듦퓚뷏듳닮뻠(맺볒뷌폽뚽떼췅,2006),떫쫇,돇쫐뫍얩듥죋뿚뗄틥컱뷌폽뺭럑쫀뷧뺭볃3ꆡ2009쓪뗚5웚ꆡꆤ14ꆤ' 1994-2009 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
췵쏀퇞ꆡꆡ뚼틔램싉뗄탎쪽뗃떽놣횤ꆣ뛸뻅쓪틥컱뷌폽틔짏뗄룼룟뷗뛎뗄뷌폽뺭럑,퓲짐캴틔램싉뗄탎쪽좷뚨쿂살,놣횤탔ퟔ좻뻍닮뗃뛠ꆣ뷱뫳,맺볒펦룃뛔틥컱뷌폽틔짏뷗뛎뗄뷌폽볓듳춶죫ꆣ떱좻,뻅쓪훆틥컱뷌폽쫇뷓쫜룼룟뷌폽뗄잰쳡ꆣ횻폐놣횤쇋틥컱뷌폽,닅뿉쓜뷓쫜룼뛠뗄뷌폽ꆣ뗚뛾,췢살샍뚯솦뫍돇쫐샍뚯솦퓚룟훐믲훐뷗뛎뗄뷌폽믘놨뻟폐쿔훸닮틬,잰헟룟폚뫳헟ꆣ떱컒쏇뾼달뷏캪쓪쟡뗄16ꆫ40쯪샍뚯솦쪱랢쿖,잰헟룟돶뫳헟뗄럹뛈룼듳ꆣ듓훐늻쓑뾴돶,퓚룟훐믲훐뷗뛎,췢살샍뚯솦뗄뷌폽쓪쫽퓶볓튻쓪,뛔릤쳡룟뗄ퟷ폃뷏돇쫐샍뚯솦듳뗃뛠ꆣ죧맻쓜죃췢살샍뚯솦룼뛠뗘뷓쫜룟훐믲훐뷌폽,컞틉붫듳듳쯵킡솽샠샍뚯솦뗄릤닮뻠ꆣ뺡맜훐맺퓧틑웕벰쇋뻅쓪훆틥컱뷌폽,떫쫇,헢훖훆뛈죔좻늻쓜놣횤쯹폐뗄죋뚼쓜췪돉뻅쓪틥컱뷌폽,폈웤쫇퓚욶삧뗘쟸(Tsang,1996;BrownandPark,2002)ꆣ컒쏇뗄쫽뻝랢쿖,2005쓪,췢살샍뚯솦훐죔폐28%캴췪돉돵훐뷌폽,뛸돇쫐샍뚯솦훐뷶폐4%캴췪돉ꆣ살ퟔ얩듥뗄췢살샍뚯솦퓚뷓쫜뷌폽짏뗄헢훖죵쫆ힴ뿶,튻랽쏦폫볒춥욶삧폐맘,쇭튻랽쏦폫뛔얩듥뷌폽춶죫쿠뛔뷏짙튲쏜늻뿉럖ꆣ뷱뫳훐맺헾뢮늻뷶튪볌탸냑뻅쓪훆틥컱뷌폽헢쿮릤ퟷ뷸튻늽뫃,뮹튪볓듳뛔얩듥룼룟뷗뛎뷌폽(룟훐믲훐)뗄춶죫,쪹얩듥샍뚯솦뷓쫜룼뛠뗄뷌폽ꆣ뷱뫳돇쫐샍뚯솦뗄ퟔ좻퓶뎤쯙뛈믡뷸튻늽럅뮺,듓얩듥쇷죫돇쫐뗄췢살샍뚯솦붫돉캪돇쫐샍뚯솦쫐뎡짏뗄훷튪솦솿(닌镐뗈,2005)ꆣ죧맻쓜폐룼뛠뗄얩듥죋뿚뷓쫜룟훐믲훐뷌폽,붫듳듳쳡룟돇쫐샍뚯솦쫐뎡짏뗄샍뚯솦쯘훊,늢쯵킡췢살샍뚯솦폫돇쫐샍뚯솦뗄릤닮뻠ꆣ뗚죽,2005쓪췢살샍뚯솦죧맻쫜맽룟훐믲훐뷌폽,폫뷶쫜맽돵훐벰틔쿂뷌폽헟쿠뇈,릤믘놨쿔훸쳡룟;죧맻쫜맽듳벰틔짏뷌폽,폫뷶쫜맽룟훐믲훐뷌폽쿠뇈,릤믘놨쎻폐쿔훸뇤뮯ꆣ돇쫐샍뚯솦죧맻뷓쫜룟훐믲훐뷌폽,폫뷶쫜맽돵훐벰틔쿂뷌폽쿠뇈,릤믘놨쎻폐쿔훸쳡룟;횻폐뷓쫜듳벰틔짏뷌폽,폫뷶쫜맽룟훐믲훐뷌폽쿠뇈,믘놨닅믡쿔훸쳡룟ꆣ헢뇭쏷,뛔췢살샍뚯솦뛸퇔,뷓쫜룟훐믲훐뷌폽,쫇쿔훸쳡룟릤뗄훘튪헛뗣;뛔돇쫐샍뚯솦뛸퇔,횻폐뷓쫜듳벰틔짏뷌폽,닅쫇쿔훸쳡룟릤뗄훘튪헛뗣ꆣ뛔췢살샍뚯솦뛸퇔,쫗튪뗄쫇튪죃룼뛠뗄죋뷓쫜룟훐믲훐뷌폽,헢붫쪹뗃췢살샍뚯솦뗄릤쿔훸쳡룟ꆣ평폚듳벰틔짏뷌폽뗄믘놨폫룟훐믲훐뷌폽쿠뇈쎻폐쿔훸닮틬,퓚삩듳뿉폃폚얩듥뷌폽뗄풴뗄춬쪱,펦룃훰늽쳡룟룟훐믲훐뷌폽퓚얩듥뷌폽랢햹훐뗄폅쿈뗘캻ꆣ룹뻝컒쏇뗄쫽뻝,2005쓪췢살샍뚯솦훐뷓쫜맽룟훐믲훐뷌폽뗄뇈샽뮹뷏뗍(19%),쳡룟뗄뿕볤뫜듳ꆣ룟훐믲훐뷌폽뗄돉놾뗍폚듳벰틔짏뷌폽,볒춥튲죝틗돐쫜ꆣ죧맻헾뢮내헕듋랽쿲뷸탐뗷헻,ퟮ훕붫폐샻폚뷌폽킧맻뗄쳡룟ꆣ듋췢,췢살샍뚯솦듳벰틔짏뷌폽믘놨쿠뛔룟훐믲훐뷌폽쎻폐쿔훸닮틬,튲폫돇쫐샍뚯솦쫐뎡짏뗄횰튵럖룮,벴뛔췢살샍뚯솦뗄웧쫓폐맘쾵,틲듋,쿻돽헢훖뛔샍뚯솦뷌폽믘놨뗄훆뛈탔헏낭,튲쫇훁맘훘튪뗄ꆣ뛔폚돇쫐샍뚯솦뛸퇔,뷶뷶뷓쫜룟훐믲훐뷌폽,뛔릤쳡룟뗄ퟷ폃늻퓙훘튪ꆣ돇쫐샍뚯솦뇘탫뷓쫜듳벰틔짏뗄뷌폽,닅믡쿔훸쳡룟릤쮮욽ꆣ돇쫐샍뚯솦훐,붫뷼튻냫(48%)뗄죋쫜맽룟훐믲훐뷌폽ꆣ죧뫎죃룼뛠룟훐믲훐뇏튵짺뷓쫜듳벰틔짏뗄뷌폽,쫇펦룃ퟅ솦볓틔뷢뻶뗄컊쳢ꆣ2002쓪,훐맺룟뗈뷌폽뗄쎫죫톧싊듯떽15%ꆣ내헕맺볊뇪ힼ,훐맺틑뺭뷸죫룟뗈뷌폽듳훚뮯뷗뛎ꆣ뷡뫏짏쏦뗄럖컶,돇쫐룟뗈뷌폽듳훚뮯뗄랢햹쟷쫆,럻뫏풴엤훃킧폃ퟮ듳뮯풭퓲ꆣ뻅쓪훆틥컱뷌폽뗄웕벰좡뗃쇋쿔훸뗄돉킧,쯼뛔폚훐맺뷌폽뫍뺭볃뗄랢햹릦늻뿉쎻ꆣ떫쫇,쒿잰컒쏇틑뺭쏦쇙ퟅ뷌폽랢햹뗄헛뗣ꆣ퓚뷌폽풴폐쿞뗄쟩뿶쿂,죃룼뛠뗄얩듥죋뿚뷓쫜룟훐믲훐뷌폽,죃룼뛠뗄돇쫐죋뿚뷓쫜듳벰틔짏뷌폽,뛔폚쳡룟돇쿧헻쳥죋솦놾듦솿ꆢ쳡룟샍뚯솦릤뗄뇟볊ퟷ폃붫믡쪮럖쿔훸,늢뷸뛸듯떽뷌폽풴뗄킧폃ퟮ듳뮯ꆣ뛔놾컄뗃돶뗄헾닟붨틩쓑쏢믡닺짺헢퇹뗄삧믳:뎤웚죧듋,췢살샍뚯솦뫍돇쫐샍뚯솦뗄뷌폽쮮욽닮쫀뷧뺭볃3ꆡ2009쓪뗚5웚ꆡꆤ15ꆤ' 1994-2009 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
ꆡꆡ뷌폽믘놨폫돇쿧뷌폽풴엤훃뻠믡폐뷸튻늽볓듳뗄뿉쓜ꆣ쏦뛔쒿잰돇쿧뷌폽닮뻠뷏듳뗄ힴ뿶,컒쏇뗄ퟮ훕쒿뇪떱좻쫇쳡룟좫쏱뗄쫜뷌폽쮮욽,쯵킡돇쿧닮뻠ꆣ떫쫇,돇쿧뷌폽닮뻠쫇뿍맛듦퓚뗄,헢훖닮뻠퓚뛌쪱볤쓚늻뿉쓜쿻돽ꆣ죴튪쪵쿖쳡룟좫쏱쫜뷌폽쮮욽ꆢ쯵킡돇쿧뷌폽닮뻠뗄쒿뇪,쫗튪뗄쫇쪹얩듥뫍돇쫐죋뿚뗄쫜뷌폽쮮욽뚼늻뛏쳡룟ꆣ퓚듋믹뒡짏,춨맽볓듳뛔얩듥뷌폽풴뗄춶죫솦뛈,훰늽쯵킡돇쿧뷌폽닮뻠ꆣ쇭췢횵뗃횸돶뗄쫇,뷌폽춶죫뗄살풴쫇뛠랽쏦뗄ꆣ뷼쓪살,헾뢮춶죫퓚뷌폽횧돶훐뗄뇈샽돊쿖늻뛏붵뗍뗄쟷쫆,웤쯻살풴뗄춶죫쯹햼뇈샽늻뛏짏짽(Hannumetal.,2008)ꆣ돽쇋늻뛏볓듳헾뢮뛔뷌폽뗄춶죫췢,튲튪헻뫏쯹폐웤쯻뿉쓜뗄풴,붫웤춶죫떽뷌폽훐ꆣ닎뾼컄쿗:닌镐ꆢ뚼퇴ꆢ췵쏀퇞(2005):ꆶ훐맺샍뚯솦쫐뎡탍폫랢폽ꆷ,짌컱펡쫩망ꆣ돂폱폮ꆢ탌뒺뇹(2004):ꆶ얩듥릤튵뮯틔벰죋솦놾퓚얩듥샍뚯솦쫐뎡훐뗄뷇즫ꆷ,ꆶ뺭볃퇐뺿ꆷ뗚8웚ꆣ뚼퇴ꆢ웓횮쮮(2003):ꆶ잨틆폫복욶ꆪꆪꆪ살ퟔ얩뮧뗷닩뗄뺭퇩횤뻝ꆷ,ꆶ훐맺죋뿚뿆톧ꆷ뗚4웚ꆣ맺볒뷌폽뚽떼췅(2006):ꆶ맺볒뷌폽뚽떼놨룦2005ꆷ,ꆶ뷌폽랢햹놨룦ꆷ뗚5A웚ꆣ삵뗂쪤(1998):ꆶ뷌폽ꆢ샍뚯솦쫐뎡폫쫕죫럖엤ꆷ,ꆶ뺭볃퇐뺿ꆷ뗚5웚ꆣ샮쪵ꆢ뚡주(2003):ꆶ훐맺돇헲뷌폽쫕틦싊뗄뎤웚뇤뚯쟷쫆ꆷ,ꆶ훐맺짧믡뿆톧ꆷ뗚6웚ꆣ샮쪵ꆢ샮컄뇲(1994):ꆶ훐맺뷌폽춶뗄룶죋쫕틦싊뗄맀볆ꆷ,퓘폚헔죋캰뗈훷뇠:ꆶ훐맺뻓쏱쫕죫럖엤퇐뺿ꆷ,훐맺짧믡뿆톧돶냦짧ꆣ샮쪵ꆢ헔죋캰ꆢ헅욽(1999):ꆶ훐맺쫕죫럖엤뇤뚯뗄샭싛뷢쫍뫍뺭퇩럖컶ꆷ,퓘폚헔죋캰ꆢ샮쪵ꆢ샮쮼쟚훷뇠(1999):ꆶ훐맺뻓쏱쫕죫럖엤퓙퇐뺿ꆷ,훐맺닆헾뺭볃돶냦짧ꆣ샮톩쯉ꆢ뫕뿋싼(2004):ꆶ톡퓱욫닮ꆢ뇈뷏폅쫆폫뷌폽뗄틬훊탔믘놨:믹폚훐맺캢맛쫽뻝뗄쪵횤퇐뺿ꆷ,ꆶ뺭볃퇐뺿ꆷ뗚4웚ꆣ쇵붨뷸(2006):ꆶ훐맺얩듥샍뚯솦틆퇐뺿ꆷ,퓘폚맺볒랢햹뫍룄룯캯풱믡뻍튵뫍쫕죫럖엤쮾ꆢ쫀뷧틸탐ꆶ훐맺샍뚯솦쫐뎡랢햹폫헾닟퇐뺿ꆷ쿮쒿돉맻놨룦ꆣ탌뒺뇹(2005):ꆶ늻춬쯹폐훆웳튵뗄릤뻶뚨믺훆뾼달ꆷ,ꆶ뺭볃퇐뺿ꆷ뗚6웚ꆣBenjamin,Dwayne;Brandt,Loren;Glewwe,PaulandLi,Guo.ꆰMarkets,HumanCapital,Inequality:EvidencefromRuralChina.ꆱWil2liamDavidsonInstitute,TheUniversityofMichiganBusinessSchool,workingpaper298,,PhilandPark,Albert.ꆰEducationandPovertyinRuralChina.ꆱEconomicsofEducationReview,2002,21,,AlanandRozelle,Scott.ꆰReconcilingtheReturnstoEducationinOff-farmWageEmploymentinRuralChina.ꆱReviewofDevel2opmentEconomics,2008,12(1),,Emily;Behrman,Jere;Wang,MeiyanandLiu,Jihong.ꆰEducationintheReformEra,ꆱ,eds.,Chinaꆯ:CambridgeUniversityPress,,JohnandSong,:OxfordUniversityPress,,HaizhengandLuo,Yi.ꆰReportingErrors,AbilityHeterogeneity,andReturnstoSchoolinginChina.ꆱSchoolofEconomics,GeorgiaIn2stituteofTechnology,workingpaper,,XinandZhang,Junsen.ꆰTheTwo-tierLaborMarketinUrbanChina:OccupationalSegregationandWageDifferentialsbetweenUr2banResidentsandRuralMigrantsinShanghai.ꆱJournalofComparativeEconomics,2001,29,,,:ColumbiaUniversityPress,,George.ꆰReturnstoInvestmentinEducation:AGlobalUpdate.ꆱWorldDevelopment,1994,22,-1344.ꆪꆪꆪ.ꆰReturnstoEducation:AFurtherInternationalUpdateandImplication.ꆱJournalofHumanResources,1985,20(4),-604.ꆪꆪꆪ.ꆰReturnstoInvestmentinEducation:AFurtherUpdate.ꆱ,,MunC.ꆰFinancialReformofBasicEducationinChina.ꆱEconomicsofEducationReview,1996,15,,Xin;Tsang,MunC.;Xu,WeibinandChen,Liang-Kun.ꆰEducationandEarningsinRuralChina.ꆱEducationEconomics,1999,7(2),,JunsenandZhao,Yaohui.ꆰEconomicReturnstoSchoolinginChina,1988-1999.ꆱWorldBankdiscussiondraft,2002.쫀뷧뺭볃3ꆡ2009쓪뗚5웚ꆡꆤ16ꆤ' 1994-2009 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
췵쏀퇞ꆡꆡꆡꆡ뢽뇭116ꆫ60쯪샍뚯솦릤랽돌맀볆뷡맻20012005췢살샍뚯솦돇쫐샍뚯솦췢살샍뚯솦돇쫐샍뚯솦(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)쫜뷌폽쓪쿞()()()()()()()()릤ퟷ뺭퇩()()()()()()()()릤ퟷ뺭퇩욽랽()()()()()()()()붡뾵ힴ뿶튻냣()()()()()()()()붡뾵ힴ뿶뫃()()()()()()()()짭룟Z횵()()()()()()()()쫜맽엠통()()()()()()()()얮탔()()()()()()()()폐엤얼()()()()()()()()탐튵럱쫇럱쫇럱쫇럱쫇쯹폐훆럱쫇럱쫇럱쫇럱쫇횰튵럱쫇럱쫇럱쫇럱쫇돇쫐쫇쫇쫇쫇쫇쫇쫇쫇뎣쫽쿮()()()()()()()()맛달횵룶쫽ꆡꆡ쮵쏷333:쫇횸퓚1%쮮욽짏쿔훸33,쫇횸퓚5%쮮욽짏쿔훸3,쫇횸퓚10%쮮욽짏쿔훸;삨뫅쓚캪t횵뗄뻸뛔횵;ꆰ쫇ꆱ쫇횸룃뇤솿냼삨퓚쒣탍훐,ꆰ럱ꆱ쫇횸캴냼삨퓚쒣탍훐,쿂춬ꆣ뢽뇭216ꆫ40쯪샍뚯솦릤랽돌맀볆뷡맻20012005췢살샍뚯솦돇쫐샍뚯솦췢살샍뚯솦돇쫐샍뚯솦(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)쫜뷌폽쓪쿞()()()()()()()()릤ퟷ뺭퇩()()()()()()()()릤ퟷ뺭퇩욽랽()()()()()()()()붡뾵ힴ뿶튻냣()()()()()()()()붡뾵ힴ뿶뫃()()()()()()()()짭룟Z횵()()()()()()()()쫜맽엠통()()()()()()()()얮탔()()()()()()()()폐엤얼()()()()()()()()탐튵럱쫇럱쫇럱쫇럱쫇쯹폐훆럱쫇럱쫇럱쫇럱쫇횰튵럱쫇럱쫇럱쫇럱쫇돇쫐쫇쫇쫇쫇쫇쫇쫇쫇뎣쫽쿮()()()()()()()()맛달횵룶쫽(뷘룥:2008쓪10퓂ꆡ퓰죎뇠벭:뛅퇇욽)쫀뷧뺭볃3ꆡ2009쓪뗚5웚ꆡꆤ17ꆤ' 1994-2009 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
