2006쓪6퓂뗚ꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡJun.,200620뻭뗚6웚ꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡ뮪ꆡ뚫ꆡ뺭ꆡ볃ꆡ맜ꆡ샭,ꇱ릫릲맜샭헾뢮닉릺릩펦짌뗄좨샻뻈볃ퟚ커(췮컷톧풺ꆡ헾램쾵,낲믕ꆡ쇹낲ꆡ237010)[햪튪]헾뢮닉릺탐캪퓚램싉탎쪽짏듳뚼닉폃뫏춬탎쪽ꆣ평폚닉릺죋뗄ꆰ잿쫆ꆱ탐헾좨솦,헾뢮닉릺뫏춬릩펦짌뗄뫏램좨틦벫틗쫜떽쟖몦ꆣ컄헂쓢틔헾뢮닉릺뫏춬캪쟐죫뗣,춨맽첽쳖헾뢮닉릺뫏춬뗄뻈볃쟾뗀폫춾뺶,횸돶헾뢮닉릺램뗄죴룉좱쪧,쾣췻뛔샭싛폫쪵컱폐쯹틦ꆣ[맘볼듊]헾뢮닉릺뫏춬;쏱쫂쯟쯏;훊틉폫춶쯟;훙닃[훐춼럖샠뫅]F015ꆡꆡꆡ[컄쿗뇪쪶싫]Aꆡꆡꆡ[컄헂뇠뫅]1007ꆪ5097(2006)06ꆪ0068ꆪ04OnRightReliefofGovernmentProcurementContractSuppliersYANZong2wu(DepartmentofPoliticsandLaw,WanxiUniversity,Luan237010,China)Abstract:Governmentprocurementconduct,inlaw,isgenerallyconfirmedintheformofcontract,Aspurchaserpisenormousexecutivepower,,basedongovern2mentprocurementcontract,isintendedtoaccountforreliefaccessesofgovernmentprocurementandpointoutsomedefaultsofgovern2mentprocurementlaw,:governmentprocurementcontract;civillitigation;inquiryandcomplaint;arbitrationꆡꆡ퓚ꆶ훐뮪죋쏱릲뫍맺헾뢮닉릺램ꆷ훐,웤솢램ퟚ쇋헾뢮닉릺릩펦짌뫏램좨틦뻈볃뗄잰쳡컊쳢ꆣ횼뗄뇭쫶,돽쇋ꆰ맦랶헾뢮닉릺탐캪,쳡룟헾뢮닉릺뻍헾뢮닉릺뫏춬뗄탔훊,샺살듦퓚ퟅ헹틩,톧뷧뷰뗄쪹폃킧틦,캬뮤맺볒샻틦뫍짧믡릫릲샻틦,듙훷튪폐죽훖맛뗣:ꆰ쏱쫂쮵ꆱꆢꆰ탐헾쮵ꆱ폫ꆰ믬뫏쮵ꆱꆣ뷸솮헾붨짨ꆱ췢,ꆰ놣뮤헾뢮닉릺떱쫂죋뗄뫏램좨틦ꆱꆰ믬뫏쮵ꆱ틲늻뻟폐듺뇭탔,퓝늻쳖싛ꆣ돖탐헾쮵헟뗄컞틉튲쫇헾뢮닉릺램뗄솢램ퟚ횼횮튻ꆣ뇊헟틔캪,헾훷튪샭평횮튻쫇,헾뢮닉릺뫏춬훷쳥쳘쫢ꆢ닉릺쒿뗄뢮닉릺떱쫂죋뗄뫏램샻틦놣뮤뗄쪵쿖,쫇잰쫶웤쯻쒿뻟폐릫틦탔ꆣ늢쇐뻙쇋펢ꆢ램ꆢ쏀ꆢ죕뗈맺뗄솢램쪵뇪쪵쿖뗄믹뒡뫍실뷅뗣ꆣ랴퇔횮,늻쓜놣뮤헾뢮닉릺볹뫍톧헟톧쮵캪횤,잿뗷헾뢮닉릺뫏춬늻펦룃쫇쏱쫂릩펦짌뫏램좨틦뗄헾뢮닉릺램,뻍죧컞풴횮쮮,뇘좻뫏춬\[2\]ꆣ샭평횮뛾쫇,헾뢮닉릺뫏춬훐닉릺죋펵폐탐늻쓜쪵쿖웤솢램ퟚ횼ꆣ믹폚듋죏쪶,컒맺닆헾늿냤늼헾쳘좨,쮫랽좨샻틥컱엤훃늻뛔뗈,죧뿉떥랽뇤룼ꆢ쇋ꆶ헾뢮닉릺릩펦짌춶쯟뒦샭냬램ꆷ뗈램싉컄볾,룷뷢돽뫏춬,폐솬탸좨ꆢ뿘훆좨볠뚽좨,짵훁폐훆닃좨ꆣ뗘랽튲쿈뫳냤늼쿠펦뗄램싉램맦ꆣ떫쫇,쪵컱쇬폲쓚웤샭싛틀뻝쫇탐헾폅쿈탔샭싛\[3\]ꆣ샭평횮죽쫇,퓚헾뗄훮뛠헹틩뗄듦퓚,쮵쏷헾뢮닉릺램퓚놣뮤릩펦짌뗄뢮닉릺뫏춬훐,쮫랽떱쫂죋뗄ퟔ풸풭퓲쫜떽쇋쿞훆,뫏램좨틦랽쏦,짐듦늻ퟣ,폐볌탸첽쳖뗄뇘튪ꆣ늢늻췪좫ퟱ쫘쏱쫂뫏춬뗄ퟔ풸풭퓲,웤샽죧닉릺죋늻뻈볃쒣쪽횮튻:쏱쫂쯟쯏쓜ퟔ평톡퓱릩펦짌,늻쓜ퟔ훷뻶뚨붻틗랽쪽(닉릺랽헾뢮닉릺뫏춬쫇횸헾뢮늿쏅ꆢ헾뢮믺릹믲웤쯻횱쪽\[4\])ꆣ웤쪵,돽쇋짏쫶쿞훆췢,헾뢮닉릺뫏춬듦퓚뮹뷓믲볤뷓쫜헾뢮뿘훆뗄죎뫎떥캻,캪쇋쪵쿖헾뢮횰쓜냼삨뫏춬탎쪽뗄쿞훆ꆢ뫏춬훷쳥뗄쿞훆ꆢ뫏춬뇘놸쳵뫍짧믡릫릲샻틦,틔쿻럑헟짭럝쪹폃릫뿮뛸잩뚩뗄믱뿮뗄쿞훆ꆢ뫏춬놸낸뗄쿞훆ꆢ뻀럗뷢뻶믺훆뗄쿞훆ꆣ뗃믵컯ꆢ럾컱ꆢ릤돌뗈뗄뫏춬\[1\]ꆣ헾뢮닉릺쫇캧죆닉헾뢮닉릺뫏춬탔훊횮헹,랴펳쇋늻춬뗄볛횵좡쿲,릺뫏춬햹뾪뗄,웤뻈볃튲뇘좻믹폚뫏춬뛸햹뾪,뫏춬벴룶죋샻틦폫릫릲샻틦랢짺돥춻쪱,틔뫎헟캪쿈뗄컊튲쫇떱쫂죋쮫랽싄탐좨샻틥컱ꆢ쫜쯰랽톰쟳뻈볃뗄틀쳢ꆣퟐ쾸첽뺿웰살,뇊헟죏캪,짏쫶훖훖샭평,늢캴뻝ꆣ쓇쎴,헾뢮닉릺뗄뫏춬뗄탔훊뺿뺹쫇쪲쎴,뻍돉펰쿬헾뢮닉릺뫏춬뗄쏱쫂뫏춬쫴탔ꆣ믲헟쮵,웤쏱쫂[쫕룥죕웚]ꆡ2006ꆪ03ꆪ11[믹뷰쿮쒿]ꆡ췮컷톧풺2002쓪뛈죋컄짧믡뿆톧샠펦폃퇐뺿쿮쒿ꆰ헾뢮닉릺솢램퇐뺿ꆱ뷗뛎탔돉맻횮튻[ퟷ헟볲뷩]ꆡퟚ커(1971ꆪ),쓐,붲쪦,램톧쮶쪿,퇐뺿랽쿲:쏱짌램ꆣꆪ68ꆪ
뫏춬뗄튻냣탔듳폚웤쳘쫢탔,헾뢮닉릺뫏춬폫튻냣쏱헾뢮닉릺뫏춬볌탸싄탐붫쯰몦맺볒샻틦뫍짧믡릫릲샻쫂뫏춬뗄헢킩쟸뇰,늢쎻폐떼훂헾뢮닉릺뫏춬즥쪧쏱틦뗄,쮫랽떱쫂죋펦떱뇤룼ꆢ훐횹믲헟훕횹뫏춬ꆣ폐쫂뫏춬뗄믹놾쫴탔ꆣ쫔럖쫶횮ꆣ맽듭뗄튻랽펦떱돐떣엢뎥퓰죎,쮫랽뚼폐맽듭뗄,룷웤튻,헾뢮닉릺뫏춬훷쳥뗄쳘쫢ꆢ뷰살풴뗄쳘ퟔ돐떣쿠펦뗄퓰죎ꆱꆣ뻍듋뾴살,ꆰ맺볒샻틦뫍짧믡릫뚨ꆢ닉릺쒿뗄뗄릫틦탔,늢늻럁낭헾뢮닉릺뫏춬놾훊릲샻틦ꆱ뿉틔ퟷ캪뷢돽뫏춬뗄샭평,떫늻쓜ퟷ캪쏢퓰쫇붻틗맘쾵뗄뫏틢헢튻룹놾쳘헷ꆣ쇭췢,쫀뷧룷맺뫍뗄쫂평ꆣ뛸쯹캽뗄ꆰ탐헾폅쿈탔ꆱ믲ꆰ탐헾폅틦좨ꆱ\[7\]뗘쟸맘폚헾뢮닉릺뫏춬뗄뚨캻,쫇닉좡쇋늻춬뗄ퟶ램,늻쓜돉캪헾뢮닉릺뫏춬뗄뷢돽샭평,룼늻쓜돉캪쏢퓰ꆰ탐헾쮵ꆱ뫍ꆰ쏱쫂쮵ꆱ뚼쓜퓚솢램돉샽헒떽ퟴ횤ꆣ죧쫂평ꆣ뺭닩퓄ꆶ뫏춬램ꆷ쳵컄,웤솢램뗄틢좤듳훂쿠램맺ꆢ냄쏅붫헾뢮닉릺뫏춬뚨캻캪탐헾뫏춬ꆣ헾뢮닉춬,늢컞샽췢뗄맦뚨ꆣ릺뫏춬뚨캻캪쏱쫂뫏춬뗄,죧펢쏀뗈맺ꆣ쇭죧뗂맺폚뻈볃쒣쪽횮뛾:훊틉폫춶쯟1991쓪1퓂1죕짺킧뗄ퟮ탂ꆶ릫릲닉릺룼탂램ꆷꆣ룃램평폚헾뢮닉릺죋펵폐잿듳뗄탐헾좨솦,퓚헾뢮닉틑놻쓉죫ꆶ랴쿞훆뺺헹램ꆷ훐,ퟷ캪뗚쯄헂,풭ꆶ풤릺뫏춬뗄잩뚩폫싄탐맽돌훐,릩펦짌뗄뫏램좨틦벫틗쯣램ꆷ훐폐맘릫릲닉릺뗄맦뚨쪧킧ꆣ헢뻍뇭쏷,헾뢮쫜떽쟖몦ꆣ믹폚듋쟩뿶,룷맺뫍룷맺볊ퟩ횯맘폚헾뢮닉릺뫏춬듓탐헾뫏춬뇤돉쇋쏱쫂뫏춬\[5\]ꆣ뇊헟틔캪,닉릺뗄맦퓲훐뚼폐쿠펦뗄탐헾탔뻈볃맦뚨ꆣ훐맺ꆶ헾헾뢮닉릺뫏춬뗄뚨캻,폫룷맺램싉뒫춳ꆢ램싉퓋탐믺뢮닉릺램ꆷ튲ퟶ쇋헢퇹뗄돌탲짨볆ꆣ뇊헟죏캪,뻍틲훆뫍쿖쪵쟩뿶폐맘,퓚훐맺,탐헾좨솦놾뻍엲헍,죧캪닉릺죋뻟폐잿듳뗄탐헾좨솦,헾뢮닉릺솢램닅짨훃맻붫헾뢮닉릺뫏춬뚨캻캪탐헾뫏춬,퓙뢳폨닉릺죋헢쇋쟸뇰튻냣쏱쫂뫏춬뗄탐헾탔뻈볃쟾뗀ꆪꆪꆪ훊틉뫍춶퇹쓇퇹뗄좨솦,헾뢮닉릺뫏춬뗄뚩솢뫍싄탐맽돌훐믡쯟ꆣꆰ틬틩폫짪쯟훆뛈,뿉틔쮵쫇헻늿헾뢮닉릺램뗄뺫돶쿖룼뛠컊쳢,릩펦짌뗄뫏램좨틦룼쓑틔놣헏ꆣ쯨쯹퓚,뛔폚뎧짌뛸퇔,헾뢮닉릺램짵뛠쳵컄뛔뎧짌웤뛾,뻍쿖폐솢램샽살쮵,ꆶ헾뢮닉릺램ꆷ뗚쯄쪮좨틦뗄놣헏,뚼뇘탫틀삵틬틩폫짪쯟훆뛈룸폨캬뮤;죽쳵뫍뗚컥쪮쳵쏷좷맦뚨,ꆰ헾뢮닉릺뫏춬쫊폃뫏춬퓚뎧짌쫜떽늻릫욽믲늻헽떱뗄듽폶쪱,죴늻쓜쳡릩폐램ꆣ닉릺죋뫍릩펦짌횮볤뗄좨샻뫍틥컱,펦떱내헕욽킧뗄뻈볃랽쪽,붫쪹헻룶닉릺훆뛈뗄쒿뗄,싙캪뿕뗈ꆢퟔ풸뗄풭퓲틔뫏춬랽쪽풼뚨ꆱ,ꆰ헾뢮닉릺뫏춬뗄첸ꆱ\[8\],춬쪱,퓚헾뢮닉릺뗄헐춶뇪뫍웤쯻뺺헹탔뗞풼쮫랽떱쫂죋늻뗃짃ퟔ뇤룼ꆢ훐횹믲헟훕횹뫏춬ꆱꆣ늢컞돌탲뷗뛎,뎣틲릩펦짌뗄춶뇪룱ꆢ닄쇏맦룱ꆢ춶뇪닉릺죋떥랽뷢돽ꆢ뇤룼뫏춬뗄좨솦,룼컞펹쮵닉릺죋놣횤뷰뗈쫂쿮랢짺헹틩ꆣ평폚헾뢮닉릺쫇헾뢮뗄쏱쫂폐쯹캽뗄ꆰ솬탸좨ꆢ뿘훆좨ꆢ볠뚽좨ꆢ훆닃좨ꆱꆣ룃쮵탐캪,늻쫇뻟쳥탐헾탐캪,틲듋,릩펦짌늻쓜뛔춶뇪횮컳쫇붫ꆶ헾뢮닉릺램ꆷ훐캥랴헾뢮닉릺뫏춬뗄탐헾헹틩쳡웰탐헾뢴틩믲헟탐헾쯟쯏ꆣ쟒평폚릩펦짌폫닉퓰죎떱ퟷ쇋닉릺죋뗄탐헾좨솦ꆣ릺죋횮볤쎻폐죎뫎탎돉죎뫎웵풼맘쾵,좱랦ힷ뺿뛔랽웤죽,맘폚ퟔ풸풭퓲쫜쿞훆쮵,뇊헟죏캪,헾뢮캥풼뗄믹뒡,퓚헐춶뇪뗈뺺헹탔뚩솢뫏춬돌탲훐,릩닉릺훆뛈횮쒿뇪뻍퓚붫헾뢮닉릺믮뚯잿훆췆뷸쫐뎡뺺펦짌튲뫜쓑틔뗞풼맽쪧캪샭평,쟫쟳램풺놣뮤웤뫏램헹쟒돤럖뺺헹,뛸늻쫇캪쇋놣뮤탐헾쳘좨뫍탐헾폅쫆,좨틦ꆣ틲듋,캪룸릩펦짌튻룶뻈볃춾뺶뫍헾뢮닉릺릤웤틢쮼ퟔ평쫜떽쿞훆쫇헾뢮닉릺램뗄풤짨잰쳡,죧맻ퟷ뗄쮳샻뷸탐,튲펦룃폐튻룶뿍맛ꆢ릫헽뗄믺릹뒦샭죃닉릺죋ퟔ벺퓚쫐뎡짏쯦틢톡퓱닉릺랽쪽뫍릩펦짌,릩펦짌뗄춶쯟ꆣ쇭췢,훊틉폫춶쯟훆뛈튲쫇헾뢮탐헾뻍룹놾캥놳쇋헾뢮닉릺훆뛈뗄짨솢쒿뗄ꆣ뿘훆뗄폐킧랽쪽,늻뷶폐샻폚쪵쿖헾뢮닉릺쒿뇪,튲믹폚듋,좫맺죋듳닆헾뺭볃캯풱믡뢱훷죎캯풱튦쫇럻뫏맺볊맟샽뗄ꆣ헱퇗퓚ꆶ맘폚<훐뮪죋쏱릲뫍맺헾뢮닉릺램>(닝낸)캪쏱쫂뫏춬쳘뇰짨뚨탐헾뻈볃쒣쪽,튲탭횻폐헾뗄쮵쏷ꆷ훐쏷좷뇭쪾,ꆰ닝낸룹뻝헾뢮닉릺믮뚯뗄탐캪뢮닉릺뫏춬헢튻샽,쫇횵뗃퓞탭뗄ꆣ떫쫇,룃뻈볃쒣쳘헷,뛔헾뢮닉릺뫏춬ퟷ쇋맦뚨ꆣ헾뢮닉릺놾짭쫇튻쪽짐폐탭뛠늻뺡죋틢횮뒦,폐듽췪짆ꆣ훖쫐뎡붻틗탐캪,퓚닉릺뫏춬뚩솢맽돌훐,늻짦벰탐퓚훊틉폫춶쯟돌탲훐,훊틉폫춶쯟놾훊짏늢늻쿠헾좨좨솦뗄탐쪹,릺쿺쮫랽뗄램싉뗘캻쫇욽뗈뗄ꆣ틲춬ꆣ뻍놾훊뛸퇔,훊틉쫇솽욽뗈훷쳥볤뗄릵춨폫킭뗷듋,헾뢮닉릺뫏춬튻냣펦ퟷ캪쏱쫂뫏춬ꆱ\[6\]ꆣ맽돌,폫웕춨쏱쫂붻췹훐뗄킭짌ꆢ틬틩랽쪽늢컞뛠듳맊듋,돎쟥쇋헾뢮닉릺뫏춬뗄탔훊컊쳢,웤뻈볃뗄닮틬ꆣ뛸춶쯟돌탲좴쫇뷨훺탐헾믺맘헢퇹뗄뗚죽헟,쒣쪽뻍쓜좷뚨ꆣ쓇뻍쫇,헾뢮닉릺뫏춬뗄ퟮ룹놾뗄뻈틔탐헾믺맘뗄탐헾좨솦캪뫳뛜,뷸탐뗄탐헾쮾램돌탲ꆣ볃쒣쪽늻쫇탐헾뫏춬뗄뻈볃쒣쪽탐헾쯟쯏돌탲,뛸쫇틲듋,뻍훊틉돌탲뛸퇔,돽쇋뾼싇킧싊컊쳢췢,랶캧ꆢ쏱쫂뫏춬뗄뻈볃쒣쪽ꆪꆪꆪ쏱쫂쯟쯏돌탲,ퟔ늻듽퇔ꆣ랽쪽ꆢ쪱쿞뗈컊쳢늢늻탨튪첫뺫쏜뗄훆뛈짨볆ꆣ듓컒쏱쫂쯟쯏뗄뻈볃쒣쪽틑퓋ퟷ돉쫬,늻뇘ힸ퇔ꆣ퓚맺ꆶ헾뢮닉릺램ꆷ솢램쟩뿶뾴,쪹폃쇋쯄룶쳵컄,듳헢샯캨튻탨튪쳡벰뗄컊쳢쫇,폐맘톧헟튻퓙잿뗷뗄훂맦뚨쇋훊틉뗄랶캧ꆢ랽쪽ꆢ듰뢴쪱쿞ꆢ듰뢴랶캧뗈ꆰ릫틦쒿뗄ꆱ뫍ꆰ탐헾폅쿈탔ꆱ뿉럱ퟷ캪닉릺죋뗄캥풼쓚죝,늢컞첫듳컊쳢ꆣ뾹뇧샭평ꆣꆶ헾뢮닉릺램ꆷ뗚컥쪮쳵맦뚨:ꆰ헾뢮닉릺뛸뛔춶쯟헢퇹뗄탐헾쮾램돌탲,컒맺ꆶ헾뢮닉릺뫏춬뗄쮫랽떱쫂죋늻뗃짃ퟔ뇤룼ꆢ훐횹믲헟훕횹뫏춬ꆣ램ꆷ좴뷶뷶쪹폃쇋쯄룶쳵컄ꆣ웤훐,횱뷓맘폚죧뫎짳ꆪ69ꆪ
틩ꆢ뒦샭춶쯟컊쳢뗄쳵컄튲뷶폐솽쳵,캴쏢쿔뗃듖쫨ꆢꆰ캴퓚맦뚨웚쿞쓚ퟷ돶듰뢴뗄ꆱ,닅뿉틔춶쯟,붫훊틉볲떥,듦퓚ퟅ뷏뛠컊쳢ꆣ돌탲뇤돉쇋춶쯟뗄잰훃돌탲ꆣ뇊헟죏캪죧듋맦뚨짐잷쫗쿈,닃에컊쳢ꆣꆰ죎뫎죋늻뗃돉캪짳샭ퟔ벺낸볾췗떱,튲컞뇘튪ꆣ죧잰쯹쫶,훊틉돌탲놾쫇뫏춬떱쫂뗄램맙ꆱ쫇헽떱돌탲풭퓲횮튻뗄웓쯘뇭듯ꆣꆶ헾뢮닉릺죋횮볤뗄릵춨폫킭뗷랽쪽,놾컞퇏룱뗄돌탲뿉퇔,웤램ꆷ뗚쇹쪮쳵맦뚨,ꆰ닉릺듺샭믺릹폫탐헾믺맘늻뗃듦킧맻튲늻좷뚨ꆣꆰ닉릺쪵쳥ퟔ짭뗄짳닩,뛔폚릩펦짌뗄퓚솥쫴맘쾵믲헟웤쯻샻틦맘쾵ꆱꆣ뿉쿖쪵쟩뿶쫇,닉릺뻈볃살쮵놾짭틢틥늻듳,틲캪튻룶별짺폚쳥훆쓚뗄볠듺샭믺릹폫탐헾믺맘(훷튪횸헾뢮닉릺볠뚽맜샭늿쏅뚽돌탲,쫇컞램룹놾탔뗄웰떽쳥훆볠뚽ퟷ폃뗄,별쾣벴닆헾늿쏅)췹췹폐ퟅ잧쮿췲싆뗄솪쾵,펰쿬ퟅ춶쯟췻폚ퟔ닩ퟔ뻀쫇쳥훆죭죵뗄뇭쿖ꆱ\[9\]ꆣ틲듋,틔튻늻퇏뗄ퟮ훕킧맻ꆣ맽좥,닉릺듺샭믺릹평헾뢮닉릺볠뚽맜룱뗄돌탲짵훁늻쫇돌탲뗄돌탲ퟷ캪춶쯟헢퇹뗄탐헾쮾샭늿쏅횱뷓솥쫴,탎돉쇋ꆰ샏ퟓ뷓쫜춶쯟뛹ퟓꆢ짳샭램돌탲잰훃돌탲,싟벭짏늻춨,쟩샭짏늻뫏,룼훷튪뛹ퟓꆱ뗄??쟩탎,웤릫헽탔뿉쿫뛸횪ꆣ쿖퓚,쯤좻뗄쫇,튲캥놳쇋킧싊풭퓲ꆣ뇊헟죏캪,훊틉ퟷ캪튻릵닉릺듺샭믺릹폫헾뢮닉릺볠뚽맜샭늿쏅놻튪쟳췑샫솥춨폫킭뗷랽쪽,뺡뿉틔볓틔맄샸,틔샻폚뻀럗뗄뷢뻶,쫴맘쾵,떫ꆰ벯훐닉릺믺릹캪닉릺듺샭믺릹ꆣ짨쟸뗄듓뛸뻈볃릩펦짌뗄뫏램좨틦ꆣ떫쫇,튲펦퓊탭릩펦짌쫐ꆢퟔ훎훝틔짏죋쏱헾뢮룹뻝놾벶헾뢮닉릺쿮쒿ퟩ횯폐늻닉좡헢훖랽쪽뻈볃ퟔ벺좨샻뗄좨샻,톸쯙뷸죫춶벯훐닉릺뗄탨튪짨솢벯훐닉릺믺릹ꆱ,ꆰ벯훐닉릺믺릹쯟헢퇹튻룶탐헾쮾램돌탲ꆣWTOꆶ헾뢮닉릺킭틩ꆷ뗚쫇럇펪샻쫂튵램죋ꆱ(ꆶ헾뢮닉릺램ꆷ뗚16쳵)ꆣ헾뢮웟쳵뗚5뿮맘폚ꆰ듨짌ꆱ뗄맦뚨쫇,ꆰ펦솦쟳퓚늻첫뎤닉릺듺샭믺릹늢쎻폐뷸죫쫐뎡,튲쎻폐헦헽뗄훐뷩ퟩ뗄쪱볤쓚뷡쫸듋쿮듨짌ꆱꆣ헾뢮닉릺튻냣쫽뛮뻞듳,폐횯뮯,닉릺듺샭믺릹폫헾뢮닉릺볠뚽맜샭늿쏅뛾헟횮ퟅ벫잿뗄쪱킧탔,벰쪱뛸폐킧뗄훆뛈짨볆튲쫇뛔릩펦볤맘쾵죔좻쏁,웤놣뮤릩펦짌뫏램좨틦뗄솢램돵훔짌뫏램좨틦뗄뻈볃ꆣ틲듋,뇊헟붨틩,좡쿻춶쯟뗄잰뻍쓑틔놣횤ꆣ쇭췢,헾뢮닉릺볠뚽맜샭늿쏅ퟷ캪튻탐훃돌탲맦뚨,춨맽볲뮯돌탲,쳡룟뻈볃킧싊ꆣ헾믺맘,늢컞쏅믺릹뫍쏅죋풱짳틩릩펦짌뗄춶쯟,뻈볃쒣쪽횮죽:훙닃쓑틔놣횤닉릺볠뚽뗄뛀솢탔ꆢ좨췾탔ꆣ틲듋,뻍닃에폫잰솽훖쒣쪽늢쇐뗄,쫇춨맽훙닃돌탲뻈볃살뻈컊쳢,뇊헟뗄붨틩쫇,튻ꆢ죃닉릺듺샭믺릹뺡뿬쫐뎡볃헾뢮닉릺뫏춬릩펦짌뗄뫏램좨틦ꆣꆶ훙닃램ꆷ뗚뛾쳵뮯ꆢ훐뷩ퟩ횯뮯ꆣ뛾ꆢ헾뢮닉릺볠뚽맜샭늿쏅뺡뿬맦뚨,ꆰ욽뗈훷쳥뗄릫쏱ꆢ램죋뫍웤쯻ퟩ횯횮볤랢짺뗄쏅뮯ꆢ뛀솢뮯ꆣ퓚쿖폐뗄쟩뿶쿂,듋뒦쯹횸뗄쏅폫뫏춬뻀럗믲웤쯻닆닺뻀럗,뿉틔훙닃ꆱ,룹뻝잰쫶쓚뛀솢늢럇튪쟳쇭짨탐헾믺맘,뛸쫇퓚풭닆헾늿쏅쓚ퟩ죝,헾뢮닉릺뫏춬놾훊짏죔쫴쏱쫂뫏춬,닉좡훙닃랽횯튵죋풱ꆢ짨솢쏅믺릹ꋙꆣ쪽살뻈볃좨샻쫇뿉쓜뗄,펦컞틉틥ꆣ떫쫇,1994쓪웤듎,춶쯟뫍춶쯟죋랶캧컊쳢ꆣ컒맺ꆶ헾뢮닉릺ꆶ훙닃램ꆷ냤늼뫳,컒맺틑뺭짨솢쇋160뛠볒훙닃캯풱램ꆷ컥쪮뛾쳵뫍ꆶ헾뢮닉릺릩펦짌춶쯟뒦샭냬램ꆷ뗚믡,떫쒿잰쫜샭뗄헾뢮닉릺낸볾쫽솿늻뛠ꆣ틔놱뺩훙웟쳵뚼맦뚨,릩펦짌퓚ꆰ죏캪닉릺컄볾ꆢ닉릺맽돌뫍닃캯풱믡캪샽,쒿잰짐캴쫜샭튻웰헾뢮닉릺뻀럗낸훐뇪ꆢ돉붻뷡맻쪹ퟔ벺뗄좨틦쫜떽쯰몦뗄ꆱ쳵볾쿂,볾\[10\]ꆣ헢훖쟩탎뗄돶쿖,쫇횵뗃짮쮼뗄ꆣ뇊헟죏캪,닅쓜쿲헾뢮닉릺볠뚽맜샭늿쏅뷸탐춶쯟,튲듦퓚ퟅ컊춨맽훙닃랽쪽살뻈볃릩펦짌뗄뫏램좨틦,늻뷶쫇뿉탐쳢ꆣ웤튻,헾뢮닉릺맽돌뢴퓓,뮷뷚훚뛠,늻뷶폐램뗄,뮹쫇뇘튪뗄ꆣ쳵쇐뻙뗄헢벸룶뮷뷚,퓚웤쯻뮷뷚틔웤쯻랽쪽튲폐쯰춬쏱쫂쯟쯏뫍춶쯟쿠뇈,훙닃랽쪽룼뻟폐폅쫆ꆣ몦릩펦짌뗄뫏램좨틦뗄뿉쓜,죧ꆶ헾뢮닉릺램ꆷ웟쪮쫗쿈,훙닃쓜돤럖쳥쿖욽뗈ꆢퟔ평ꆢ뛀솢뗈폅쫆ꆣ튻쳵ꆢ웟쪮뛾쳵뫍웟쪮죽쳵맦뚨뗄훮뛠캥램쟩탎ꆣ헢듓훙닃뗄샺쪷랢햹ꆢ릦쓜ꆢ볛횵맛ꆢ훆뛈쳥쾵ꆢ닙ퟷ킩쟩탎늻뷶펦룃쓉죫헾뢮닉릺늿쏅훷뚯볠뚽볬닩뗄랶뗈살뾴,훙닃뗄놾훊쫴탔쫇쏱볤ퟔ훎탔,뇭쿖캪떱쫂캧,튲펦쓉죫릩펦짌춶쯟뗄랶캧,쪹헾뢮닉릺탐캪뒦죋뗄욽뗈ꆢퟔ평뫍훙닃풱뗄뛀솢,헢킩,뛔뒦폚ꆰ죵폚릩펦짌퇏룱뗄볠쫓횮쿂ꆣ춨맽릩펦짌뗄ꆰ볠뚽ꆱ폫쫆ꆱ튻랽뗄릩펦짌쫇폐샻뗄ꆣ웤튻,틢쮼ퟔ훎풭퓲쫇ꆰ횴램ꆱ,늻뷶뿉틔붵뗍탐헾믺맘뗄횴램돉놾,튲뿉틔훙닃램ퟮ믹놾뗄풭퓲,놻릫죏캪쫇훙닃뗄믹쪯ꆣ틀헕폐킧뻈볃웤뫏램좨틦ꆣ웤뛾,헾뢮닉릺탐캪늻뷶쫇닉ꆶ훙닃램ꆷ맦뚨,쫇럱닉좡훙닃랽쪽,평쪲쎴훙닃캯풱릺죋떥캻뗄쫂쟩,뮹쫇튻쿮릫릲탔뗄믮뚯,뇘탫뛔짧믡훙닃,훙닃풱쫇쮭,뚼평떱쫂죋쮫랽욽뗈ퟔ평뗘살믡뫍맺볒뢺퓰ꆣ틲듋,춶쯟뗄훷쳥늻펦뷶쿞폚릩펦짌,뻶뚨ꆣ횻튪떱쫂죋뗄뻶뚨늻캥랴잿탐램ꆢ릫탲솼쯗ꆢ뮹펦냼삨짧믡릫훚ꆣ춨맽짧믡릫훚뗄ꆰ볠뚽ꆱ폫ꆰ횴돏탅풭퓲,훙닃춥ꆢ훙닃풱뻍펦룃ퟰ훘떱쫂죋뗄틢쮼,램ꆱ,퓚횱뷓놣뮤짧믡릫릲샻틦뗄춬쪱,튲ꆰ볤뷓ꆱ뻈릩펦짌뗄틢쮼ퟔ평뿕볤쫇벫듳뗄ꆣ웤뛾,훙닃뛀솢ꆣ볃쇋릩펦짌뗄뫏램좨틦ꆣ쯹틔,듓릩펦짌뫏램좨틦뻈훙닃뛀솢냼삨훙닃캯풱믡뗄뛀솢ꆢ훙닃춥믲훙닃풱뗄볃뗄뷇뛈돶랢,펦떱삩듳춶쯟뗄랶캧뫍춶쯟죋뗄랶캧ꆣ뛀솢틔벰훙닃킭믡훷떼뗄탐튵ퟔ싉맜샭쳥훆,웤뫋탄퓙웤듎,훊틉ꆢ춶쯟돌탲뗄킧싊컊쳢ꆣ컒맺ꆶ헾쫇훙닃믮뚯틀램뛀솢뷸탐,돽램풺폐좨틀램볠뚽췢,뢮닉릺램ꆷ컥쪮컥쳵뫍ꆶ헾뢮닉릺릩펦짌춶쯟뒦샭냬늻쫜죎뫎믺맘ꆢ췅쳥뫍룶죋뗄룉짦ꆣ쇭췢,훙닃믺릹램ꆷ뗚웟쳵뚼맦뚨,횻폐퓚ꆰ훊틉듰뢴늻싺틢ꆱ믲뛀솢폚탐헾믺맘췢,뾿ퟔ짭뗄퓋ퟷ캬돖짺듦,컞램틀ꆪ70ꆪ
삵헾뢮닆헾,릫헽냬낸쫇훙닃펮뗃짧믡탅죎ꆢ헹좡낸쓇쎴퇏쯠듴냥뗄뮷뺳훐ퟮ훕뷢뻶컊쳢,럻뫏쇋릩펦짌풴뗄잰쳡,쫇훙닃삵틔짺듦뫍랢햹뗄놣횤ꆣ캥랴훆뛈ꆰ뫍웸짺닆ꆱ뫍닉릺죋ꆰ돜쯏ꆱ뗄탄샭,붵뗍쇋헾뢮닉뗄훙닃풱붫놻좡쿻냬낸룱,짵훁놻ힷ뺿램싉퓰죎ꆣ릺뫏춬릩펦짌뻈볃뫏램좨틦뗄ꆰ룐쟩돉놾ꆱꆣ퓚쒳킩램싉늻췪짆횮뒦,훙닃풱뮹뿉룹뻝릫욽뫏샭풭틲캪훙닃뗄짏쫶폅쫆,펦룃맄샸릩펦짌퓚헾뢮닉퓲뫍ퟔ벺뗄솼횪벰뗀뗂뇪ힼ뚨낸,ퟮ듳쿞뛈뗘놣뮤떱릺뫏춬훐풼뚨틔훙닃랽쪽뷢뻶뻀럗,늢풼뚨훙닃믺릹ꆣ쫂죋좨틦ꆣ틲듋,퓚쮾램뛀솢짐늻쓜뎹뗗맡뎹뗄쪵볊본폚쒿잰훙닃믺릹쫜샭낸볾뷏짙,쪵컱뺭퇩좱랦뗄쪵쟩뿶쿂,훙닃램쏱볤ퟔ훎램쫴탔쯹퓌몭뗄틢쮼ퟔ훎뫍볊쟩뿶,뇊헟붨틩,뿉틔헾뢮닉릺탐튵킭믡캪틀췐붨뛀솢,뛔릩펦짌믘뇜닉릺죋뻟폐탐헾좨솦헢퇹뗄ꆰ잿솢훙닃캯풱믡럖횧믺릹,믲헟짨솢뻟폐램죋룱뗄헾쫆ꆱ뛸퇔,쫇폐ퟅ쿖쪵틢틥뗄ꆣ뢮닉릺뫏춬뻀럗훙닃캯풱믡,캪헾뢮닉릺뫏춬릩펦짌웤듎,훙닃쓜릻쳥쿖릫헽ꆢ킧틦ꆢ쮫펮뗈폅쫆ꆣ쳡릩튻쳵쟐쪵뿉탐뗄좨틦뻈볃쟾뗀ꆣ훙닃뗄릫헽ꆢ킧틦뫍떱쫂죋쮫펮,볈쫇훙닃뗄쳘뗣뫍[힢ꆡ쫍]폅쫆,튲쫇훙닃ힷ쟳뗄볛횵쒿뇪ꆣ튻냣죏캪,훙닃쿠ꋙ맘폚뒦샭훊틉뫍짪쯟뗄믺릹짨훃.헾뢮닉릺킭틩.튪뛔폚쯟쯏,폐죧쿂폅쫆:웤튻,샻폚놣쏜,헢풴폚훙쟳짨솢튻룶뛀솢뗄믺릹;폐뗄맺볒붫헢샠믺릹짨퓚닆헾늿닃뗄늻릫뾪짳샭ꆣ뛔낸볾늻릫뾪짳샭ꆢ닃뻶쫇훙닃뗄쏅,죧탂볓웂ꆢ몫맺뗈;폐뗄맺볒죧펢맺뗈평램풺뢺퓰;폐풭퓲뗄맺볒믲뗘쟸쇭짨뛀솢믺릹,죧냄듳샻퇇뗄솪냮헾뢮뗷닩캯,튲쫇맺볊쾰맟ퟶ램ꆣ뛸쯟쯏퓲틔릫뾪짳샭캪풭퓲,벴쪹낸볾짦벰맺볒믺쏜ꆢ룶죋틾쮽ꆢ짌튵쏘쏜늻풱믡,죕놾뗄헾뢮닉릺짳닩캯풱믡,쿣룛뗄짪쯟맜샭캯풱릫뾪짳샭,떫에뻶튲쫇릫뾪뗄ꆣ훙닃뗄헢튻쳘탔폐샻믡;폐뗄맺볒평뢺퓰맜샭쎳틗짪쯟뗄탐헾램춥살뢺퓰,죧볓폚떱쫂죋놣뮤ퟔ벺뗄짌튵쏘쏜뫍뺭펪쏘쏜,튲폐샻폚쓃듳뗄맺볊쎳틗훙닃램춥;쏀맺뗄믡볆ퟜ뎤냬릫쫒뫍럾컱맜떱쫂죋퓚킡랶캧쓚욽뫍뗘뷢뻶헹틩,늢캪죕뫳볌탸뫏샭ퟜ뻖뫏춬짏쯟캯풱믡,쏀맺뗄램풺튲뿉틔쫜샭ꆣ탂볓웂룹ퟷ쇴쿂뿉쓜탔ꆣ웤뛾뻝웤1997쓪ꆶ헾뢮닉릺램낸ꆷ쏅짨솢쇋튻룶헾뢮닉릺닃,믺훆쿠뛔쇩믮ꆣ훙닃뗄쇩믮탔냼삨돌탲쇩믮뫍램싉쫊폃쇩믮,훙닃늻쿱쯟쯏쓇퇹튪뻶램춥,뢺퓰캥랴램낸맦뚨뗄춶뇪헹틩ꆣ훙닃램춥펵폐쿠떱폚룟뗈램춥뗄좨솦,뿉틔뒫헙볒믲웤쯻횤죋릩횤ꆣ뛔춶뇪퇏룱ퟱ쫘돌탲램,죧맻떱쫂죋춬틢,훙닃뿉틔뇜쏢탭늻싺뗄릩펦짌뿉쿲룃훙닃램춥춶쯟ꆣ닎볻췵좫탋ꆢ맜뇳헾뢮뛠랱쯶뗄돌탲,헢퓚쇙쪱훙닃훐룼쫇죧듋ꆣ쇭췢,퓚닉릺훆뛈퇐뺿.쯹캽뗄폑뫃훙닃훐,룹뻝떱쫂죋뗄킭틩쫚좨,훙닃춥[닎뾼컄쿗]뿉틔닎헕맺볊짌쫂맟샽믲뷶릫욽돏탅풭퓲뛔쪵쳥컊쳢\[1\]췵킡쓜.헾뢮닉릺램싉훆뛈돵첽\[J\].램톧퇐뺿,ퟷ돶닃뻶,뛸늻뇘ퟱ톭뫍쫊폃퇏룱뗄램싉맦퓲,틔뇜2001,(1).쏢뫍뷃헽룶낸훐뗄늻릫폫욫닮ꆣ웤죽,튵좨췾ꆣ헾\[2\]쯕ꆡ뫬.뛔컒맺헾뢮닉릺뫏춬뗄벸뗣쮼뾼\[J\].탐뢮닉릺뫏춬뎣뎣짦벰뢴퓓뗄램싉ꆢ뺭쎳뫍벼쫵뗈컊쳢,헾폫램,2003,(7).탨튪뢴뫏탍횪쪶뗄닃뻶헟ꆣ쿠뇈뷏뛸퇔,램맙쫇튻룶\[3\]쇵믝죙,룟뫠뎬,쯎ꆡ.뛔컒맺헾뢮닉릺뫏춬탐뷶짃뎤폚램싉,늻쫬쾤뺭쎳벼쫵뗈컊쳢뗄좺쳥,뛸헾헾탔뗄램톧쮼뾼\[J\].룊쯠탐헾톧풺톧놨,2005,(2).뢮닉릺볠뚽맜샭늿쏅뢺퓰뒦샭춶쯟뗄맙풱,늻뷶늻쫬\[4\]풬ꆡ,쇵퇇쎷.헾뢮닉릺뫏춬뗄탐헾램퇐뺿\[J\].쾤램싉퓆쓏듳톧톧놨,2004,(5).,튲늻쫬쾤쿠맘횪쪶ꆣ틲듋,퓚훙닃훐,떱쫂죋뿉틔톡퓱ꆢ횸뚨살ퟔ룷탐룷튵뗄볒ퟷ캪짳샭낸볾\[5\]췵좫탋,맜ꆡ뇳.헾뢮닉릺훆뛈퇐뺿\[EB/OL\].뗄훙닃풱,헢퓚죏뚨낸볾뗄쫂쪵짏폐쏷쿔뗄폅쫆ꆪ03ꆪ14.,쓜ퟷ돶뇈뷏좨췾ꆢ릫탅솦뷏룟뗄닃뻶\[6\]훐맺죋듳췸.
