ֻ28जֻ1௹ ֹ ॓ ࿐ 2008୍ 02ᄅ SCIENTIAGEOGRAPHICASINICA Feb.,2008Ӭ൧߄ݖӱᇏֹ০Ⴈэ߄ؓთᇌޠ९ಸਈ֥႕ཙ࣮ ၛଲࣘ൧ފ༆ֹູ২吴运金,张甘霖,赵玉国,杨金玲(ᇏݓ॓࿐ჽଲࣘಛ࣮෮ಛა୪ြॖӻ࿃ؿᅚݓࡅᇗׄൌဒ൩,ଲࣘ,210008)ᅋေ:๙ݖؓਆ௹LandsatTMဪۋ႕ཞࣉྛࡓٳো,ิ౼࣍20୍ଲࣘ൧ފ༆ֹֹ০Ⴈэ߄ሑঃ,Ⴈሇ၍इᆔaథ၍ۀੱބథ၍ਈбᇗଆটඪૼފ༆ֹֹ֥০Ⴈэ߄,ѩ۴ऌֹіሑঃބಛ֥ൌӱ؇ิԛਔ҂ֹ০Ⴈো֥თᇌޠ९ಸਈ࠹ෘଆ,Ֆطܙ࠹ֹ০Ⴈэ߄ؓඣٳטࢫۿି֥႕ཙb࣮ؿགྷ: ފ༆ֹֹ০Ⴈэ߄֥ᇶေหᆘູၛఃֹ০ႨোཟࡹᇽႨֹ֥ሇ၍ູᇶ,ݬֹଽ֥҆ሇ၍ބඣโཟݬֹ(ᇶေ൞Ғֹ)֥ሇ၍္ᅝႵ၂ק֥бᇗ; ႮႿֹіٿоބᇕᆱࢲܒ֥ڿэ֝ᇁთᇌޠ९ಸਈնਈാ,1986୍֞2003୍ሹᇌޠ९ಸਈࡨഒਔຣm3ఃᇏၹࡹᇽႨֹ૫ࠒ֥ᄹࡆֹіٿоطࡨഒ֥ᇌޠ९ಸਈۚղຣm3,ཌྷ֒Ⴟᆜ۱࣮თ86mmඣധ; अ҆ٓຶ֥ಛൌᆺؓअ֥҆ᇌޠ९ಸਈӁള႕ཙطؓთ֥ሹ֥ᇌޠ९ಸਈ֥႕ཙ҂ն,1986୍֞2003୍ၹಛൌطࡨഒ֥ᇌޠ९ಸਈᆺႵຣm3,ᆺᅝሹᇌޠ९ಸࡨഒਈ֥%b࣮іૼࡨഒֹіٿо൞ٝᆸӬ൧ටൈޠিᄙݝ֥ᇗေٚ૫bܱ Ս:Ӭ൧߄;ֹ০Ⴈэ߄;ᇌޠ९ಸਈ;Ӭ൧ޠি;ളӬ൧ᇏٳোݼ:F291 ໓ངѓ്:A ໓ᅣщݼ:1000-0690(2008)01-0030-05 ಛ൞ߌᇏᇉ࿖ߌބט॥֥ᇏྏߌࢫ,ޠিӁള֥ᆰࢤჰၹ္ྸ൞ஆඣି৯֥҂ቀ,طൌఃؓඣٳႵᇗေ֥טࢫቔႨ,҂ࣇູᆱ֥ളӉิ࠽ഈӬ൧߄ݖӱᇏಛ֥ܵാ༂ᄵ൞۴Ч֥ჰၹ܂ඣٳaטࢫగ,ީطؓٝޠࡨᄙႵᇗေቔႨbᆭ၂bᄝӬ൧თթᄝֹܼ֥ٗіٿоაಛൌൎ࿐ᆞ֩ಪູಛඣ९֥ԉٳטႨ൞ٝޠࡨᄙ֥གྷའ,ಛඣٳೆറބ؋௹ߏԊۿିࡨࠇཨാ,ֹᇗေծീᆭ၂[1]bӬ൧߄ᄝಆ౯aთֹࠣٚԄ؇іࣥੀ༢ඔնږ؇ᄹࡆ,Ֆطᄹࡆࣥੀ֥Ӂള,֤ഈؓߌᄯӮऍն႕ཙ[2,3],Ӭ൧߄҆ٳಛӬ൧ޠি൙ࡱᄹ؟,ᆃུ֤षᅚֹ০Ⴈэ߄֥ؓ০Ⴈٚཟބ০Ⴈٚൔؿളڿэ,ࣉط႕ཙಛඣٳטࢫۿି֥႕ཙ֥࣮ཁ֤Ⴍູᇗေb߄ྟᇉ֥э߄[4],ଢభֹؓ০Ⴈэ߄֥࣮ࢠ؟[5~9],Їওֹ০Ⴈэ߄ؓߌ႕ཙ֥1 ֹ࣮ࠣඔऌটჷ࣮[10~17]bႵ࣮൫ฐษӬ൧თֹ০Ⴈაඣ ֹ࣮ᇉਈ֥ܱ༢,ؿགྷඣ֥ᇉਈაٿоֹі૫ࠒб২ބֹ࣮ׄފ༆ֹֹԩଲࣘ൧༆ଲшѝਢӉದ१ૡ؇Ⴕૡ్֥ܱ༢,္Ⴕ࣮ႋႨဪۋაGISࡾ,໊ႿКໂ31 57 ~32 4 ,תࣜࡎӬ൧ֹ০Ⴈэ߄ֹؓі໑؇֥႕ཙ,ؓӬ118 39 ~118 45 bଲ୍֥ࣘनగ൧߄თၹֹ০Ⴈэ߄ؓඣٳטࢫۿି႕ཙ֥໑~ ,୍ࢆਈ~1113mm,ࢆקਈ࣮ࢠഒbӬ൧ࣜӈᄥ൳ޠিຯ,ཽ2004୍7ਈ֥࠱ࢫٳ҂ᄋ,Խ࠱ඣࢠ؟,ᅝಆ୍֥ᄅКࣘВӁളᇗޠি,ᆰࢤ֝ᇁࢌ๙คߓ,ؓ25%~30%,༱࠱ඣቋ؟,ᅝಆ୍֥46%~ᆞӈ֥Ӭ൧ളࠃᄯӮਔᇗ֥ຯཽbᆃ၂ٚ૫൞58%,౬࠱ඣࢠഒ,ᅝಆ୍֥20%,࠱ඣቋؓ܄܋νಆ֥ຯཽ,ਸ਼၂ٚ૫ॖၛඪ൞ള൙ܣbഒ,ᅝಆ୍֥9%~12%bಛଛᇉ၂ϮູԊࠒ൬۠ರ௹:2006-03-07;ྩרರ௹:2006-06-23ࠎࣁཛଢ:ݓࡅሱಖ॓࿐ࠎࣁᇗׄཛଢ(40235054)ބᇏݓ॓࿐ჽᆩ്Էྍ۽ӱٚཟྟཛଢ(KZCX3-SW-427,ISSASIP0106)ሧᇹቔᆀࡥࢺ:ᄎࣁ(1976-),ଳ,νߪν౩ದ,ණൖ࣮ള,ᇶေՖ൙ܴࣟളაֹྐ༏༢ႋႨ࣮bE mai:lyjwu@๙ቔᆀ:ᅦۅඟ,glzhang@
3 0 ֹ ॓ ࿐ 28जbھֹֹԩӬ൧ঔᅦջ,ଲࣘ൧ᆟکิԛࡆ(mm);Wzູଖ௩૫֥ሹᇌޠ९ಸ(mm);hູଖҪॹؓފ༆֥षؿ,ѩေࡼఃյᄯֻູؽ ௵ת ,෮ಛ֥ި؇(cm);іൕࡼߐູݸbၛӬ൧߄ࣉӱ٤ӈॹb۴ऌಛ௩૫іҪ(0~10cm)֥ಸᇗࠣఃᇌ ඔऌটჷޠ९ಸࣉྛ؟ᇗбࢠ֤֞0~50cmധ҂ൌӱ০Ⴈਆ௹LandsatTMဪۋཞิ౼ྐ༏,ൈ؇ಛ֥ᇌޠ९ಸೂ༯і:ࡗٳљ൞1986୍12ᄅބ2003୍1ᄅbҕᅶಆݓֹ০Ⴈٳো,ࡼފ༆ֹ০ႨٳູਟֹaࡹᇽႨі1 ҂ൌӱ؇ಛ(0~50cm)ֹaݬֹaඣ૫ބඣโbᄝERDASೈࡱ༯ؓਆ௹֥ᇌޠ९ಸ(mm)Table1 Floodingcontrolcapacityofsoilsinཞࣉྛࠫޅᆞaࡓٳোѩࣉྛࡓٳোުԩdifferentcompactiondegreesbؓٳোࢲݔࣉྛࣚ؇ࡎު֤֞1986୍ބ2003୍ֹ֥০Ⴈࢲܒbಸᇗ(g/cm3)ൌӱ؇(սሹ।༣ᇌޠ९)؇(%)ಸ(mm)ູਔٳ༅۲ᇕֹ০Ⴈো֥э߄~ࠞൿಛ(1)>,ٳ༅ఃটჷაಀཟ~ᆞӈಛ(2)50~,ࡼ֤֥֞1986୍ބ2003୍ֹ֥~؇ൌ(3)46~০Ⴈࢲܒࣉྛןࡆ,֤֞1986~2003୍ֹ০~ᇏ؇ൌ(4)43~Ⴈэ߄,ᄝՎࠎԤഈԛ۲௹ֹ֥০Ⴈሇ~ᇗ؇ൌ(5)40~၍इᆔ[5,16]bູਔٳ༅ֹ০Ⴈ֥э߄֥ᇶ~ᇗൌ(6)<40 ֝ݖӱ,ᄝሇ၍इᆔ֥ࠎԤഈࡹ৫ਔֹ০Ⴈథ၍ۀੱଆބథ၍ਈбᇗଆ,ః܄ൔೂ༯ ૌࡼ2003୍Ґ֥ࠢފ༆ֹಛіҪಸ:nᇗඔऌࣉྛएࡆಃҬᆴ,ᄜ۴ऌі1֥҂Dij=Sij/ Sij(1)ൌሑঃ֥ಸᇗٓຶᇗྍ݂ো,൏ਈ߄ު֤֞2003j=1n୍ފ༆ֹಛൌሑঃ(1Ⴗ)bطؓႿEij=Sij/ Sij(2)1986୍֥ಛ,۴ऌ ଲࣘಛᆽ ඔऌ,ھֹ֥j=1ൔᇏіҪಛၛᇗಛᇀᅔູᇶ,ಛಸᇗᄝ,Sijֹູ০Ⴈোiሇэֹູ০Ⴈোj֥૫ࠒ~ ,උႿࠞൿಛބᆞӈ,Dijູథ၍ۀੱ,Eijູథ၍ਈбᇗbӬ൧߄ࣉӱႄఏֹ০Ⴈࢲܒ֥э߄,ࣉط႕ಛ,ఃॢࡗٳ҃ೂ(1ቐ)bࡼ֤֥֞ൌཙ֞თඣٳ֥טࢫۿିbૌ๙ݖܙෘ1986୍ሑঃٳљა1986୍ބ2003୍ֹ֥০Ⴈࢲܒބ2003୍ᇌޠ९ಸਈ֥э߄টඪૼֹ০Ⴈэ߄ןࡆ,ࣼॖၛ࠹ෘ҂ֹ০Ⴈো,҂ൌؓളߌིႋ֥႕ཙbთ֥ᇌޠ९ಸਈ൞ᆷሑঃ֥ᇌޠ९ಸਈbູਔ࠹ෘᇌޠ९ಸਈ,ؓ҂ھთಛᇌޠ९ಸਈაಛЎބު҂ֹ০ֹ০ႨোҐႨ҂֥࠹ෘٚم:Ⴈোؓޠඣ֥טྐྵਈᆭބ,ೂඣ֟โ֥ᇌޠ९ಸWa= Ai hj/1000(7)ਈ൞ᆷඣโಛᇌޠ९ಸਈაఃіҪ֥ࠒඣਈᆭWb=ބbಛ֥ᇌޠ९ಸؓႋႿಛЎބݣඣਈა Bi hj/1000(8)ಛ֥โࡗӻඣਈᆭࡗ֥ྐྵඣਈ,აಛ֥ಸᇗބ๙Wc= Ci (hj+100)/1000(9)గ।༣ܱ༢ૡ్,ಛᇌޠ९ಸ֥࠹ෘ܄ൔೂ༯:Wd= Di 500/1000(10)Wt= s h(3)We=0(11)Wf= f h(4)hj= ( s- f) h(12)Wh=Wt-Wf(5)ൔᇏWaaWbaWcaWdaWeٳљູݬֹaਟֹaඣโaWz= Wh(6)ඣ૫aࡹᇽႨֹ֥ᇌޠ९ಸਈ(m3);AiaBiaCiaDiൔᇏWtູଖҪಛ֥ሹ९ಸ(mm); sູЎބݣٳљֻູiॶݬֹaਟֹaඣโaඣ૫aࡹᇽႨֹ֥ඣਈ(%); fູโࡗӻඣਈ(%);WfູଖҪಛ૫ࠒ(m2);hjູؓႋֻ֥jᇕൌӱ؇ಛ֥ᇌโࡗӻඣਈؓႋ֥९ಸ;WhູଖҪಛᇌޠ९ಸޠ९ಸ(mm)b sa fahٳљֻູjᇕൌӱ؇ ଲࣘ൧ಛ௴ҰϷ܄൩щᇷ.ଲࣘಛᆽ[M].,359.
1௹ ᄎࣁ֩:Ӭ൧߄ݖӱᇏֹ০Ⴈэ߄ؓთᇌޠ९ಸਈ֥႕ཙ࣮ 3 11 1986ބ2003୍ಛൌሑঃ Thesoilcompactiondegreesin1986andin2003ಛ֥ଖҪ֥Ўބඣਈ(%)aโࡗӻඣਈ(%)ބധ؇(cm),100ູඣ֟โ֥नטྐྵޠඣധ(mm),500ູඣ૫֥नטྐྵޠඣധ؇(mm),1000іൕࡼmmߐෘູmb2 ࢲݔაษં 1986୍ބ2003୍ଲࣘ൧ފ༆ֹֹ֥০Ⴈࢲܒࠣఃэ߄ފ༆ֹֹԩӬ൧ঔᅦջ,ః০Ⴈࢲܒ൳֞Ӭ൧߄֥႕ཙཁᇷbೂ2෮ൕ2 1986୍ބ2003୍ֹ০Ⴈࢲܒ,1986୍ֹ০Ⴈ Thelandusestructurein1986and2003োၛݬֹބඣโູᇶ,ݬֹᅝ%aඣโᅝ%aࡹᇽႨֹᅝ%aඣ૫%aਟֹі2 1986~2003୍ଲࣘފ༆ֹᅝ3০Ⴈሇ၍इᆔ(ֆ໊:km2).56%,ط֞2003୍ֹ০ႨࢲܒၛࡹᇽႨֹູᇶᅝ%aݬֹ(ᇶေ൞Ғֹ)ᅝ%aඣTable2 LanduseconversionmatrixofHexi૫ᅝofNanjingin1986-2003(Unit:km2)%aਟֹᅝ%,ીႵඣ֥֟ᇕᆱb๙ݖֹ০Ⴈোݬֹඣ૫ඣโࡹᇽႨֹਟֹ1986୍ބ2003୍ֹ০Ⴈэ߄(і2)֥ٳݬֹ༅ॖ֤֞ࡹᇽႨֹ૫ࠒᄹࡆ,ݬֹࡨഒ థ၍ۀੱ థ၍ਈбᇗ,ඣโࡨഒ,ඣ૫ࡨഒඣ૫ థ၍ۀੱ,ਟֹႵᄹࡆ,ᄹࡆ֥૫ࠒູ,ՖႨ థ၍ਈбᇗֹሇ၍ٚཟഈট,ुֹ০Ⴈሇ၍ၛ۲ᇕোཟࡹඣโᇽႨֹ֥ሇ၍ູᇶ,ሇ၍֥бᇗཌྷ࣍ థ၍ۀੱ,ሇ၍֥૫ థ၍ਈбᇗࠒՖն֞ཬඨஆਙࡹᇽႨֹ:ູݬֹཟࡹᇽႨֹඣโཟࡹᇽႨֹࡹᇽႨֹଽ֥҆ థ၍ۀੱ థ၍ਈбᇗሇ၍9ਟֹඣ૫֞ࡹᇽႨֹਟֹ֞ࡹᇽႨֹ థ၍ۀੱ,ఃథ၍ۀੱٳљູ65%a థ၍ਈбᇗ%a86%a65%a65%b ᇿ:1)ྛaਙٳљіൕ2003୍ބ1986୍۲ᇕֹ০Ⴈো;2)ޑุ҆ٳіൕ1986୍ཌྷႋ֥ଖ၂োሇ၍֞2003୍۲ᇕֹ ݬֹଽ֥҆ሇ၍ބඣโཟݬֹ֥ሇ၍္ᅝႵ၂ק֥૫ࠒٳљູ০Ⴈো֥૫ࠒބ,థ၍ۀ
3 2 ֹ ॓ ࿐ 28जੱٳљູ31%ބ29%b۲ᇕֹ০ႨোཟඣโࠒࢠཬᆺႵ,طն૫ࠒ֥ಛФࡹᇽ֥థ၍ູ0km2,ඪૼ֞2003୍ીႵඣ֥֟ᇕᆱ,ބ֡ਫ਼ٿо,ᆃ۷ᆣൌਔֹіٿо൞Ӭ൧߄თᇌః۲ᇕোᆭࡗ֥థ၍ࢠཬ,ၹՎފ༆ֹ֥ޠ९ಸਈࡨഒ֥ᇶေჰၹ,अ֥҆ಛൌᆺؓअֹ০Ⴈэၳᇶ֝ݖӱ൞ࡹᇽႨֹ֥ঔᅦ,ఃՑ֥҆ᇌޠ९ಸਈӁളࢠն֥႕ཙb൞ᇕᆱࢲܒטᆜႄఏ֥ݬֹଽ֥҆ሇ၍ބඣโཟݬֹ֥ሇ၍ ֹ০Ⴈࢲܒэ߄ؓᇌޠ९ಸਈ֥႕ཙ3ॖᆩ1986୍֥ሹᇌޠ९ಸਈູຣm3(ఃᇏඣโᅝ%,ඣ૫ᅝ%,ݬֹᅝ%,ਟֹᅝ%,ࡹᇽႨֹᅝ0%),ط֞2003୍ሹᇌޠ९ಸਈࢆ֞ਔຣm3(ఃᇏݬֹᅝ%,ඣ૫ᅝ%,ਟֹᅝ%,ඣโູ0%,ࡹᇽႨֹᅝ0%),ሹᇌޠ९ಸਈࡨഒຣm3,ఃᇏࡨഒቋնູ֥ඣโࡨഒ֥ᇌޠ3 ଲࣘ൧ފ༆ֹ҂ֹ९ಸਈູຣm3,ఃՑູඣ૫ࡨഒ֥ᇌޠ९০Ⴈোᇌޠ९ಸਈಸਈຣm3,ᄜުູݬֹࡨഒ֥ᇌޠ९ಸਈ Floodingcontrolcapacityunderdifferentູ41landusesinHex,ຣm3,ఃᇶေჰၹ൞ႮႿֹі֥ٿоބᇕᆱࢲܒ֥э߄,ၹࡹᇽႨֹ૫ࠒ֥ᄹࡆطࡨഒ֥ᇌޠ९ಸਈູຣm3,ཌྷ֒Ⴟᆜ۱࣮თ і3ٳљਙԛਔ1986୍ބ2003୍҂ֹ֥০Ⴈো૫ࠒaᇌޠ९ಸਈ֥Ϥٳбބֆ໊૫ࠒ֥86mm֥ඣധ,ᅝሹᇌޠ९ಸࡨഒਈ֥%,ၹඣโཟݬֹ֥ሇ߄طࡨഒ֥ᇌޠ९ಸਈູᇌޠ९ಸਈ,ఃᇏඣ૫ֆ໊૫ࠒᇌޠ९ಸਈቋնູຣ50ຣm3/km2,ఃՑູඣโຣm3/km2,ᄜՑm3,ᅝሹᇌޠ९ಸࡨഒਈ֥%b۴ऌ܄ൔ൞ਟֹބݬ,ֹቋު൞ࡹᇽႨ,ֹఃֆ໊૫ࠒ֥ᇌ(7)a(8)a(9)a(10)a(11)a(12)ૌ࠹ෘ֤֞ᄝ҂թᄝಛൌ౦ঃ༯֥ሹᇌޠ९ಸਈູޠ९ಸਈູਬb෮ၛඪඣ૫ؓთᇌޠ९ಸਈ֥ຣ܊ངቋն,ఃՑູඣโ,ቋު൞ਟֹބݬ,ֹᆃູུm3,طᄝႵൌ౦ঃ༯2003୍֥ሹᇌޠ९ಸਈູૌ॓࿐ֹܵӬ൧ಛิ܂ਔ۴ऌ,Ќӻ၂ק૫ຣm3,ࡼؽᆀཌྷࡨࣼ൞ၹಛ֥ൌᄯӮ֥ᇌޠ९ಸਈ֥ാູࠒ֥ඣთ,ࡨഒֹі֥ٿоބಛ֥ൌ൞ิۚຣm3,ᆺᅝሹാਈ֥თᇌޠ९ಸਈ֥сေծീ%,ᆃ൞ၹູ2003୍թᄝൌ֥ಛ૫і3 1986୍ა2003୍҂ֹ০Ⴈোֆ໊૫ࠒ९ಸਈ֥бࢠTable3 Comparisonoffloodingcontrolcapacityunderdifferentlandusesin1986and2003ো1986୍2003୍૫ࠒ(%)९ಸ(%)९ಸ/૫ࠒ૫ࠒ(%)९ಸ(%)९ಸ/૫ࠒࡹᇽႨֹݬֹඣ֟ਟֹඣ૫ٿо൞֝ᇁಛ֥ᇌޠ९ಸਈնਈാ֥ᇶေჰ3 ࢲ ંၹ,ᇕᆱࢲܒ֥ڿэ္ؓთᇌޠ९ಸਈ֥ࡨഒႵ๙ݖؓଲࣘ൧ފ༆ֹֹ০Ⴈэ߄ࠣఃؓ၂ק֥܊ངbअ҆ٓຶ֥ಛൌᆺؓअ֥҆ᇌᇌޠ९ಸਈ႕ཙ֥ٳ༅ॖၛ֤ԛၛ༯֥ࢲ:ંޠ९ಸਈӁളࢠն֥႕ཙطؓთ֥ሹ֥ᇌޠ९ھთֹ০Ⴈэ߄֥ᇶေหᆘູၛఃಸਈ֥႕ཙ҂նbਅݺ֥Ӭ൧ಛܵ൞ࡹഡႪֹ০ႨোཟࡹᇽႨֹ֥ሇ၍ູᇶ,ݬֹଽ֥҆ሇਅӬ൧ളߌ֥ᇗေٚ૫b၍ބඣโཟݬֹ֥ሇ၍္ᅝႵ၂ק֥бᇗbֹі
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