目 录
一．引言 .............................................................................................................................................1
二．全球化批判与制造业复兴 ........................................................................................................2
三．贸易与关税政策 ........................................................................................................................5
四．技术、能源与创新政策 ............................................................................................................7
五．国际关系与安全观念 ................................................................................................................9
六．潜在影响与风险.......................................................................................................................11
七．结语：万斯的政策逻辑 ..........................................................................................................12
参考文献 ..........................................................................................................................................14
附录 《大国竞争与世界秩序重构》各章小结.............................................................................15
一．引言
123¶45¶637James David Vance'g>ß®638X5-./0)'¶©z-.
‰™´Ñ¨È9"iÆØsÛ'±™DOTUVhUi?¶©R¥s®-.́ ?µpXy}k
9z[\à5.@¡fi8C-./0)ªº'‡Óæ&¶,"øä c¿ OTUV[
639:;<=>?9@AB7Hillbilly Elegy8ç”z2016 Ù'¡¬,-.“™´Ñ¨”º
?´?µï9ƒa'op,ƃôß9",Q‘@àâY˜[ {"R甫U»,‘@’
9… fiã'IÀÃï+]ÕŒœ–—õ9–Y"![\ÕŒœ (v'63OTUV9W
Xä“J {KvŸ"”[63fiãº?´?µp9ƒaQX!'DOTUVÿı,‰‘’
U÷XÿÈ®±^,2Ÿ⁄x9fiãQ‰"#¤}U÷È®nÅ‹°r›9fiflaDWXOT
‡·‚„‰-.ö‰Èkl'Â\è_–ÊàâÁ'Ë.tÍo\'n Î!.́ ?ÏÌ'Ig Ô¡#
ì<9Ò!Ú+.Nfi([ÛÙıOTˆg< '̃X™±^
ës]±d ¯U»–¥˘˙[
!"jz63:;<=>?9@ABsˇ˚EFGH'()*+,DWXOT+fl[!"
J±^,¸˝QÍo\Ë' ëQfi˛OT'"##¢ˇQnÅOT'.Nfi(Q]±}fl'
!\zQ"#'OTä_$iSŸ®©™*+%&'Io
']^DKä sOT´ì[
二．全球化批判与制造业复兴
7"8®_(±^,%)9*+
63®_(,ÛÙ9±^,%)—lh9¸˝! Ù ¸˝â¶,DRSOTUV9 j/[‡0ï'Ù
%)\hiWXpŸÄ\ë!r12'IW345,.¢ÏÌ'Õ 'Ï®DBfiã9´?µïo¶,2Ÿz[
1. î6QÍo7flÀ?ï899:Å
63\-.;ô<@9GHK'¯“vg¯ÍoQî6oF”9+fl®ï“±^,9="i
:27first conceit of globalization8”3[‡>ç'Ù %)9îàÏwfN.¢7úã
z?@áAB9î6# ø7fl7dú[C,Dã“-.î6”8'E¯›®FB9Ío7flG
H»I°ô¶!JF9.¢7ú‰K.ÍoÈ8[K‹Ù +Ë'L(Ío\M`9-.´?v
gè_ñ'î6ÄO`_"¢'GN A?@9´O3[
PE'630ïÙ îàÀX<Q&Ï Å9[‡ÔS'Íosî6sºÄ\TU9“ª
V⁄x7” network effects8[<NWXÏ©™Ío9ÑYZZ“@\î6¢ô,܈©}©æ[
î6[C9E[\YQÍoE[TUıO'?]óò[^#W_< '̀abfic8´[±™'
Í̄o7flde'<N,“•©,[\àf.î6¢ô9Lg[Ù ± ,̂hîr¢iŸ»Í o¢ôNnÅG,9¢ô!ô'W3jk,-
.:l9mı Àô[639àËÏ'I°ô¶
!JF9.¢\FB܈©æ9n('“F \AB q'W3rò
»tu3[
2. v?I°ô_ #wxÍnÅ 63¯“v?I°ô”Ãï_(± ,̂%)9“=yi:2”'I¯DzO"
“{|7crutch8”
Ä-.}\,~9“öC7drug8”3[‡0ï'ÄËϯ´ÅGH»Çdv?I°ôRS+'É
Ïè_H‘+(~©.tv?I°ô'sJë!,jk,-.:l9nÅ°ô[
‡9ä Ïwp}\¢£§ëè_ñR «Ñ9I°ô›ÖF¶!('©™Üá9"#n Ås:°,gï9°ôà@âk[}\@äã
uë9ÇÉååjâI°ô¶!'EçÏéè zLA°[⁄ê9Å"#ÄÅ´ë 3[‡ab}k»'\íı¥ì~©v?I°ô9îS.¢
7UYZïñó¥sé.8'œòçX,°[êôö9X 'I0ïhõsºÄ\úàfiù 3[
63~RfizWF´èLAûñ}\7úüpIñR :̌Cíì†8:°,9ÀË'›
%&"i°N9}Zw1¢v?I°ô°E¢“£§”}\©™nÅ'EÙ!lÏ•¶) 3[‡
Ô›9 Àôçx»*\uFI´Dq,EÏx è_"#nÅ›LA°[ê3[
mı›ß'630ï_(,ÛÙ9± ,̂%)jz Å9hî7î6QÍoo®##©v
?I°ô8'rò,™árß w
718 -.Ío\´X,w¥ì´Åfi¨'´OM`ùL2,6[
728 ´?µpU4w´?ç&ŸÆRS,9ç]±Ø' L(,–Y9i?s‘Yl*
0nCÎDØ2,3[
738 nÅ¢ôUxw®v?I°ô9#wñˆ}\nÅ°ôç}'°[걩ãº3[
748 .¢ Àô>Öw\?@áhBU»tu'É+RS<ô›®jk3[
±™'63ˆçàË'¥µpj*+Ù ±̂ ,%)[‡ÔS'ç¢̄ Ù L÷9±^, äoRznÅ!laªª›°'ºÏÙ
®v?I°ô9†æ'è®nÅo¶,45 3[Ù "ø¿ïDß¡Lç9–¬Ío\#<˜nÎrfį #£ƒ.tnÅscdáÍH‘_"(9
OTUV«+,jm[
7y8Ío\»…9ëˇQß
"ific9ËZÏ'Ô¥9! Ío\Ï.¢]±9j/[\63ß›'-.Ío\9©
ª»ÀIç&&Ï"izà\sÑSRS9ƒa' %,g»,.¢]±9WXY˜[‡0 ï'p-
.ÙÃ"i¥.ôÕ\.t“ÍolŒ9Å)œ”('Dß–—RS“”[‡©"æ
>ç'"i.¢9.‘¢ô'e’°[‰©÷UÿîsnŸ£(œè⁄x9¢ô'sA#w
zD´\jm9<ôs¤r[±™'Ío\9´X,úàjk,.‘!ô'ñˆ“sû è_<ô”9+flágl⁄–‹[
ï,ì ,Ù »…9c–rCD£§›fi'63®z,\9¥‡QXy[‡\ GHK·¬'-
.‚\y£ªºzXç„?9 \́°[¢ô'¢£g‰A⁄ê¥ì°[Qåfl ÂaEúÊ'-.\± ̂
fl»oËÈ9*Í%Îç}Ú'›zs>K._ À®ÏlÌg, UrÑ` 3[ÙidÓÂ\Ô¬'fic£§[\¢ô9 L'v¢rò-
.\r›!\˘ÒÄ
ÚÛKÚzÀ°Ñ '̀_ #w‡.7e’!\®Ï89⁄xᓨ›,çvàU9Ùkr[
±™'Ío\»…9ß Ï()r9wıç&rò,RSƒas<=>?9@ABKBˆ˜9
í‘Y¯˘#´?L(l*0nØ2,3,6' úà˙˚».¢]±s©– Àô[
7|8‰-.´\ËÈ9¸ö
jz®Ío\»Àc–ß 9h0ò63Lç,"i˝X˛˛9RSÎDˇ<X“-
.Ío\9!¥Ë”3,6[Ùç&&Ï"iRSË"6#' Ï"iÂ\–Ê-..¢0ns
±^Ñ 9̀£§̧ ö[DWX\zpj$G‰(́ \,È9%&'ñ-.–Ŷï"igÔ¥
<+RSï–‹9“Ío¥.”s“nÅ¥.”''ˇ()Kíi“*ô´O+,0¢-»¶´
O”9./(v3,6[
‹°Ù"¸ö9°ôÏ̌ SŸ9[0‰'RSpŸ9ÎD EëŸwÍo\Ë ¯no¥
ìA2ì#A349à\Û@'L¬K[µï'5 ˇœè-.?¢£è_I°í6°;'< XRS,9]±Ø
6[D˚'Ùôß789h:9",Q0n;æ[630ï'“Ío”s“»î”
Ï-.<=9–Y¯¶>o'Ë Ío\lCz'Ë´?9?\@c#–»‘Y9Açô'I LgÉi.¢9:BØ
3,6[Wß'“Ïbfi–Y9"Z'Ô¥9´\jmÀÃï.¢]±QU
^9ë!nŸ'Ï-.\±^Cü,n—:Ursz ô9$L3,6,9[
63®™¸ö9<XzXç›p9¤}'‡›fi\ܺm9#Ôlô9OT~r>
——ˇ‡B r9nÎrfį #F 9 f̨QGHí #gC¢ :̌UT§——-.ºÚ\< X´\Ë9fic(7“on the
cusp of”83,6[‡J‰Ñ¯Ù"¸ö“»îõ”bù(x
›'KLOTx±ô–—íıäã\-.! éè#nÅs°[9}\¢'̄ ‡b9¶MQ.
¢9ËTUÑÿı\"x 3[63ß¡Blì+RSs ëOTUVNg™E¥¸öï0Î
DsçøZ[
三．贸易与关税政策
（一）fi˛OïWX´ì
630ïfi˛ÏnÎ-.! à\s[\9OP‰ ŸÈ3,6[Ÿ®‡B0ï9›:± 7̂R
DÏçEû ÀsF¶!̆ '̇fį ¶ïLg-.́ ?\± ,̂ôö>I°?@#m
}\°Ä º́9“¥Y ì́”[SÙ"+ ÌrôÖ\À°‘T'63 ©"æ¯fi˛Ã
ï•ñÍo\Uù#noAA"à\9J‰~V[‡›fi'è_LA©Y C9¶!'fi˛¢ l⁄£ƒ}\̄ °[æWU-
.! 'RDpÙ d>uôQ-..t9"#©æ# F9¢
ˇ¶!gCD‡lÏ9X 7a±Y›àı(' ¢Z°çìl Àô9Å [\sA3´O M`3[
™d'fį \‡ÏKÉÏ" Ôlô9dú“[ \̋]”[63UVÏRfį Oï̇ ^s ̃ u9Ï_'ûñë̀ a\’ fi˜, ç®-
.lÏ95æ'Ùıfĩ ç&cz ëdeÄ ËÈqf'abgz»,ha]±Hási̇ öC7újkl8maù°_nRSUV 8,9[®
zfi˛v¢~øè 9œòàp'63l—›®¤}9! '‡q¬'è_rê9›xSÉÄ sı.t±ñ⁄t9OT
˜'fi˛®œ?92ŸzvgÀáÍÄvw3[
（二）fi˛àı
639T§In&&#wfį Ù"xÍ ì́[‡hó'Yyºz~sÖ{Ío\éè'¥
µ¯fį OTQ"(9Â\ö,.tX 7a9F OT›àı'iç"øtd|Ø9“¯ı
}”[WXÔÇÏ\ÏRfi˛&¶d>“†ô”9n('èí noÔ¥9t>“~ô”[Ù ø¯ı}>oUYe’|iSŸw
"Ï¥~jâ}\̨ 2'Õ'Ïè_<˜úè!éè 100%TˆÄÅ# øÇR±ÍvÉ
_ìlz~ô9 f̨öÑOT'I¬Ö¯ÙıöÑÜáb´Å»î_UV'g™ÖF\-.!
éèsnÅ9àìâä3a
yϱŸã•HÍ'òôz©ã‡ Kçé}\;ô#±ñQX¶!9’¸™OTè'ï
}\no"i :ê# A⁄9RX´º3,6a
|Ï¥ô†°¢ :̌U'è_±ñ.t¢ˇ7RDÏ,/¢ˇ89⁄x›uF¢ˇ?d'
JEÖFÍo\9fic°[¶!3,6[
Ù"(ënøô'Â\no"i®è!‰ìz~ô9éèíÑ'mn x“\
-.! »îQÍo”ìî9}\¢£Öˆ<<\\9UÜs Àö&3,6[
（三）e',fi˛QÑwOPïñ
63UV9fį OTIn"Ãnó'EÏìlA9£§rsäãr'IúàQÑwOP
¬ìïñ[Ù›ò9fį ę̂sxR“‚̄ #gçn.¢(#D ë™ïgC\]
±_UV9*È©™e',®ô[®zÀÃïUY À®ÏÄÄ\çEûë™ï9.¢7ú
‡Rö¸Á'-.¯õçúùјñûürAfi˛ 6[E®z†.ú°î sñó¥' fi˛lv¢ÀRO" Ô¥9̊ û́ ì'ûñıb\
úñÔhaHá#§ÕnTH‘sıO i˙jkl ë_-.‰ï–Ã9]±fi˜,•àx¥35'æn—"ò 8,9[
63OTÔàK"i PÕ¶Ï̄ ëOT ì́,'ñDíìz … 9.¢]±sH‘áÍ
_ÑwOPÎD'+Xç‡1ßi®;)RSQ]±UV c#g.¢ÏÌö‰s<ôQRï
úZ%)[
四．技术、能源与创新政策
（一） ™IôæUr$´"#
63zXç¨&9“"#¤}U÷” i'Ofi-.çxÆØ'ExJ‰ ™IôæUr?
´ ¢7AI8#‰©±r+_4+r›9$´"# 3,5[‡˚¥,íı_ àp"#7Õ'Ï AI8
@¥è%Üvà\#̈ ›‘@°µ9}Z'›°'‡0ïyº9"#nÅ¢£±Ô.¢É+<
ô'LgI°õ9°[⁄ês´O@c'EnßxÑïv3,5[‡gATM ÛIrâZ™ö8
°ELgD´O?@ïd'ËQ"#©æèö@noÅ9# lŒ# A39M`[±™'\
‡ß›'ÆÆs_ cÍ AI _"#9øzÏ Å9'-.¥µª{Ûº'“XæUæıb”5' I0ïÙç&ÏRS,9\Y'
Ï£§,9¥P[‡ÔS'-.¥µmn\±^ AI øs
‰©±r+UVn—U‰Ñ '̀Ī WÔ¥9 AI ()sfic¿¡9°[¬â\:ƒÏK'g 5Î.¢]±s"#U^5[
（二）nÅ‹°QF 7a
®"#UrÑ`9 æYælÏznÅ9°!()[63UV'<XÙ"ÎD9WX\z
âZOf9çpei'no"i“lÏznÅ9RS”7pro-innovation economy83[‡c«¸Á
_ GHÏ»…nÅ9> 'RDÏ\ÛU?#°óAñ#¢ˇ_‡BÀ9“kÓÔ7<+
RS8K'ÃÕ9HÍñ̂ “»îõ”bŒæ5Ü[±™'‡ r±Ÿã•HÍ'IïnÅõL
⁄˛f£ƒ'Õ'Ï–— øéf7úœ– ø–ç±ÍvÉ8'g£ø}\si?9nÅ—
W[
\ AI UV'‡RD°®DÜ_ i‘r9#_“9GH '̃0ïÙv¢@»…"i! ô”¥9Å [\
5[‡ÉÔ‘Ñ>ç'"ıYæñÔGH9K’v¢›:÷ñÿPËÈÑ`
9¥&A"E['EnçzE?ÏÌ9¬ì'OTxn—Eû À7a 5[™d'63ÉÔS' AI
"#9øz¥µŸ⁄›ò&!9¤Ÿsçé'ç¢ÀRO†™Õ+‘@fì Ä©™˛ËÆ
‹9´ì'g5ÎÔà9:ê4,5[
（三）¢ˇ:U9ficr
–‹,›Bl"#˝Xs \́Ë6#9jmÏ¢ˇOT[63¯Dfiz‰D–Y9£§
Ñ`[‡&m>ç'fl}‡v?9¢ ⁄̌xÏ-.Ío\ËgCøzAI _A·¢Å [\
9‚®$L3,5[5„fiz´\Uos"#U‰9‰Ë'ú1¢v©#RS9¢ˇ's¯Âï
´KÊ[±™'‡ôU†™“¢ˇUr”7Energy Dominance8£§'WXÏ¥ôøz-.!
¢ˇèˇ'Õ'χ0ïv©‡¶!Fv9,/ËÈ 6[ï™'‡£Í¸ÁÎÏOf96
¢ˇOT7®sï“6 ÅÌ ”8gC›fi97aTè'0ïÙıOT?ïcÍ,¢ ⁄̌x'
ÓA,¢ˇ?d'úà45, Àôsr›øz!ô 6[‡ÉgÔ§ïd'0ïD
\¢ˇOT,9 ÅäãÏrò Àô>Ö9k±s"'I°ËÔS'Yà\ AI UVU‰'
-.¥µ0‰\¢ˇ°[UVU‰3,5[
五．国际关系与安全观念
7"8®Ô§ÒÚ9YæQ¸Á
63\Ú+QÔ§;)ÒÚ9fi(,DÜ,ì<‡ ļ̈ r̋9! [ÛP‡YÙ,•0
ıS l“?n?@}”4'S‡ 9–¸ÁÔ§©ªg›\.‘F–,9ç}'ú>D\
⁄]±nŸ>9“ˆ«Ê”™ï'I&mYæÔ§¥µ\r›•àˇ:l‘ì35'<XE û9“2àoà”4,9[
hp˚9¸Á>NÔ§t>[63®BÀÔ§“?@}…˜”·¯,hc
pÖ'ì+9Œ,˛ËÆ‹˘Ìcd#˙ÌÄn˚¸˝ŸUuÍ#®äŒà 9ei7g˛ˇ
l!ïd8gCW"‡fiã9¥è%H‘Lá_X [\‡ß›'ÙıY˜ç&v·,Ô§t
>P+9L÷' ˙˚9D‘UÍ 9ëjs‘@;ô 4[Rïfic9Ï'63¯Ùıt>Y
˜Q-Ô]±fi(úàïñ'‡ÔÍq¬úԧ確ÃI]4,›t>#£'‡ÄT$}
-.\‘ì_SŸ9ªñ'í%⁄9]±•&“v¢ç'Ä(•nŸ'Dv©r̄ U»
°)4[Ù *È+X,63Aúër#⁄¨(•9nÒ}[
7y8ì<9˘Ò]4ÇÉ7g*+,ïd8
®zú„Ú+.N˘Ò'639*È+X,ÔÍ9“-.ö‰”ì<U÷i[g*+,£
Àïd‡fiã9WXIn›ò&!9®-EÏú„gW.ı-.ÏÌ9S)/0àç˘Ò[
‡0ï'Ä1Õ92)3C®-.#Ô§4b*+,:lsÏçv—¡92à 9[±™'‡U
V¯3CQ•ñ*+,©™s[úàïñ'Ã3Cï˜u[˝956'EnÄcéf 9[ç& ú™‡ÉÔS-
.\YJD”¥9àOéfKÖˆ<NUÜ7dúè_!\97[èˇëfi8' Imn-
.\3C(8Kˆ»“Eû®ô”'çx9zÔ§ÒÚ 9[639dú4T9ÎDIn Äcª–—
:"̆ ÒS'EÏgàïrN'Xæ" ¢£W¥c âà#nŸ-.
ÏÌ9]4S;[
7|8ha]±Oï.¢]±WX
\639.¢]±ö‰œ9K'H‘shaáÍY˜+,Ìg,z– ;̌)ÑwOPfĩ WX# Tû9`fi
7,8,10[‡®Ù"fi˜—‰ïÔ¡9! '̄ DÃï5Î^
<=9ë![63UVDÜ"c¥Y‡Ôlô9Ï_›§ÕnTH‘'e’Sçczw<˜¥
è%#0>9?@™°8aǶIÔ,haA_œ+ Ÿ9»î8a… QRGá"#ñÔha
H+8aO4°®IÜwBÀ“BÎCË”OT'YæÑSOfsıùDET7aab¬Ö¯°î
FöåG>+ïHI¯J'I°R2)ôì©™i˙8[
63sBgú™–ÃhaY '̃ϱDQ"(9c–9-..tY˜úà›fiù[
‡0ï'Lá9haÏrò.tK?A}#"œè?ág2à 7'ÑSL˘sñ¨_E?èˇ çM–
2'gCjkl_òóöC N 8 9fick±s"[±™'\‡ß›'cáhaç&Ï ETY˜'
Ï]4ˇ.t‘@RSOP#nŸ.¢]±9P!sT[
六．潜在影响与风险
63B r9"(9Â\–ÊÁ9OT'ÛPÎD&m——Ë-.́
\#Lg´?<=#mn.¢]±——SD£©9Ï_s®Œœ9QRr'“789
hE… 9!\zQ"#[Ùı"#@\.NpŸs®-..t[°ËÕab2Ÿ9ß w
(1) .N ë+(–ÊQ!\̆ Òw¥è%QRfį s†™nÎU÷v¢rò±^ëè l–S'ñT ëUVab“
룔'®±^⁄xáo¶˘˙[
(2) ÒÚfi(TVQ–âw®ÒÚ\‘ìF–# ë5æs?@},9Ô¡Yæv¢W–
;)`a'•ñ±^ùÒ+(ø°t,[
(3) ÑwOPçm+r±ñw-.]±•&9SÉ#\ÑY˘ÒK ÔS:lÏÌ9*È'
v¢ítÑYôìûX'±ñ˘Ò"#[
(4) .tRSzwÛPÂ\–¬Ío\ś ?ff'Sfį #H‘OT9SÉ“v¢~ øè
uô7631ßè_D‡OTñg®˘8#I°ôËÈàârt,gCÕ+™\[
ˆÿËÈv¢±OT9çm+rs!\9“r꣔EñTZ°[
七．结语：万斯的政策逻辑
+fl©[‚„9"iWXä——“-.ÏÌö‰”[Ù"kl\]z
‡®t®dY˜9ø¿#OTÎD9î+gCì+ ì́9äã[‡0ï'$ŸÆ9 ˇ
ƒa'Dë̌ \z_(ÒÛÙB^™9Õ+± ,̂%)gCê™~øÅ[ÙıL Å
Ã,Ío\9jmORs´?µï9clÏÌ——Ù"Zê‡9i?¶©R¥s®“™ ́Ѩ”X<9}kB`Q2[
jzÙ"ø¿'63Fç,"ø()r9“aS”'Â\è_Ôôei›$G Ÿ[Ùø“a
S”9WX¯¶>oÏw\.t'<™gÔôënÎU÷7‡0ïfi˛ÏWWX#Wb;9
ì́8ïd>Ÿ' gt\9J‰[\OT7e’¥~ą̂#ã•HÍ#†°¢̌ :U'Õ 'Ï,/¢̌ 8s‰Dcd9H‘áÍ'|õıôgª–¬-
.RSjm'Õ'Ï<XÍo\ 9±ŸË3,6,7,8,10[
Q™n('\.NpŸ'63 r" ìúër#‡JZU;)›ò&!çé7ãnd
C‡B+÷‡̀ ›fi9“WX?@}”'ú‡®Ô§t>Y˜9¸ÁB¬89dús]
±OT[Ù›ò9\nÒfi(K'-.̄ ç'eGÄf9Urõ'EÏ@&mYæÒÚ•à
ˇRSs‘ì35'Ī ]±•&QÒÚ\D‡UV9sı ïñ[®zÀÃï À®ÏÄ˙
˚9.¢'l¯DÜñÔ¡úà9®-Ò!5,9[
63\Ë›KÕ'01gı“‘’U÷õ”s“"#U÷õ”Ùhhß+ij9ôì[‡"S Ÿh
x,‘’U÷õ®±^,B¨›9L\#l*LÀs‘@Y˜9ç$ak"SŸlJ
‰ ™"#nÅ7RDÏ AI89!ô[‡*ôËQyõInçvSs'EÏvg)"\“-.
´\Ë”9mns>wˇ"#nÅxíì[\gïs´?<=9Lg'EnñTçû
_ÄÜvI°õ3[
639OT+(zXçA9t\"òrwÄË ë#"##¢̌#H‘OT'ÉÏdú s]±T§'s>Níì“-
.ö‰”Ío\Ë Ù"ë!ÎD[PE'ú™Aço‡ QRr9OT‡·“pq9”¥9"#——
ıv¢ ës]±Œœ'~ø… 9
.N˘Ò‘@°µ[±E'ÙıUV"rs < '̀DW3⁄ \t¥` ,Ü4 zOTE™9<q
#.N‘@ËÕ°xgC®_`K’ "#sçviŸ˘˙9Há¢ô[
ÙÏ"(fl$˝XS“¿$uv9–ÊsÇ[
参考文献
1. «»…'<¥. ÀQà Œœ–âB'—“¥ñ甑'2024[
2. , “Hillbilly Elegy: A Memoir of a Family and Culture in Crisis”, Harper Collins
Publishers'2016
3. . Vance. “Remarks by the Vice President at the American Dynamism Summit.” The American
Presidency Project, 2025
4. . Vance. “Remarks by the Vice President in Bay City, Michigan.” The American Presidency
Project, 2025
5. . Vance. “Remarks by the Vice President at the National League of Cities Conference.” The
American Presidency Project, 2025
6. . Vance. “Remarks by the Vice President Prior to a Discussion in Eagle Pass, Texas.” The
American Presidency Project, 2025
7. . Vance. “The Vice President's News Conference with Secretary of Defense Pete Hegseth and
Director of National Intelligence Tulsi Gabbard in Eagle Pass, Texas.” The American Presidency
Project, 2025
8. . Vance. “Remarks by the Vice President in an Exchange with Reporters.” The American
Presidency Project, 2025
9. D. Vance. “Remarks by the Vice President at the Artificial Intelligence Action Summit in Paris,
France.” The American Presidency Project, 2025
10. . Vance. “Remarks by the Vice President at the Munich Security Conference.” The American
Presidency Project, 2025
附录 《大国竞争与世界秩序重构》各章小结
="÷ .NÀBïw%@ø°x
!÷0‰yz,±{9U˜w+r#?Ä'R+r9STop¥.9 À?ÄsÚ[+r
opYÒ®pvRSñ9{ç(•>Wö,9op‡·E¥.?Äl\—|Ò}Ù›~^
‰9à Œœ;)Ô5[
.N ëÀB[°9!2k±Ï'.¢sºÄ\É+#©ªQ >#Ī9ÏÌ˘Ò[Ù
÷»* ëÀB|¥k+'L⁄,.¢sºÉ+#©ªÏÌ˘Ò9op‡·[
="ik+ÏzJö&k+'Ù“Ï ë+ËWj!9k+'Å›,’i.¢ú
„K‹Û@¶!›m+.No´'º9èˇsfi⁄ê[
=yik+Ïm.Ç¿ÏÉk+ ë;°K'"i.¢ÄD}\ÏRD\ÃËÈ
9Ç¿Ñ '̀ÖÜm.Ç¿ÏÉ'®m.Ç¿ÏÉ9ÀÑ@~ø.¢sºÉ+ÏÌ9˘Ò[p
v"i.¢\ÃËÈ9Ç¿Ñ`'è_"#Ç¿#ˆÿÇ¿#èlÇ¿s2)Ç¿ÙÖiS Ÿ›<X[
=|ik+Ïo´P,9±©2Ük+wˇñ\+à9:ê ëy!>'ú"#Ïd°
t+9':ê ë@i®“è!Ü4áâk+”'ñˆà.è!Ü4âz"òañˆà
.P,\I°Uå&°[o´K'L([Cgï#Jä\,N \́,#Jñ´»nÅ9
àâGt9°ôaãfF±©92Ü'&¶à.åà#f.å [à.Y
i®o´P,9±©2Ü'@~øQf.\©ªÏÌ,9˘Ò[
="ik+]çú„è´̄ ± [̂çsé ¥'E=yQ=|ik+]ç\#o
±^[çsé,9.¢ÏÌ˘Ò[
=y÷ RS0ìú„±©x
RS0ì(GDP)9©ª±©èv·,"i.¢9<ô'“v·,ı9©ª#0+9ÏÌ[
pvRSñfiz±©9+ËUYld°±©Qt°±©+Ë[d°±©+ËøX"#©æ
ÏRS±©9‹°ô'Et°±©+Ël©"桬,"#©æ9›̌ [d°Qt°RS±©
+ËsÏ\E}pŸ †RS±©9X 'SÏŸêë'çŸíì'1¢®RS±©Î}Q
E}ÛÍ9op[
!÷LçRS±©9Î}QK}ÛÍ[\Î}ÛÍ,'abLç“ıî‹°%&”'ÔS"
#nÅsËÈè%9ïr7a\K}ÛÍ,'abL瓱©++”'̌ "iRS+n—©ª
±©9flo¥Y(•ÏD[\àâ9—¡gï[
K‹RS;°9Öiæñ'nÅ#°[#úó7 ë8#wÇ7ËÈ8'!÷¯±^,oï
±^øX(v71500 Ù-1819 Ù8#±^ë(v71820 Ù-1978 Ù8#±^°[(v71979 Ù
-2018 Ù8s±^nÅ(v72019 Ù-8[abøX'±^,\’iµ_9†©'a„9±^Ç
¿&!9Gtw\±^øX(v'[CËÈ9±^Ç¿ˆg]ã'G,ï\ ë_9Ç¿a\
±^ë(v' ë9±^Ç¿̂ g]ã'G,ï°[9Ç¿a\± °̂[(v'°[9±^
Ç¿9ˆg]ã'G,ïnÅ9Ç¿aE\pÊ9±^nÅ(v'nÅ9±^Ç¿l@N„
&!Gtx
=|÷ ¥.ú„ À
è_op¥. À9œòè sÕ+¥‡(•>9 ÀÕZ'!÷»*,¥. À96 U V-3 YY-5
µ_9op‡·wˇ¥. À\Ío\#RS0ì#A"#ˆÿ#2)s±^P+
_ 6 iWXUVzF'(ê›®<ô#OPs",0n#=|S⁄x_ 3 iYY4
+'gCg™Lç(9®-71949-19788#s.-¥.71979-20168#¥. À I
72017-20358#¥. ÀII72035-20608s À?Ä72060-8_5 iµ_[
pôÍo\0ìq,˚¶.#RS0쯻˚¶.9 60%'h.©f¥. Àµ
_[ 2016 Ù©f¥. Àµ_'p$Úz¥. Àµ_ I[\¥. Àµ_ I'K
.9UYøzÎDÏ\ 2035 Ù$ß\RS0ì,\¥. Àµ_II, ø
zÎDÏ\2060 Ù$ß\A"#ˆÿ#2)s±^P+_4 iUVq,-.[
=Ö÷ ]pfi˛ÀB
!÷0‰yz|¥++'0‰Ï.¢sº>ÏÌ˘Ò93$öõ--úùöê++wˇ" i.¢9
ëFã±ñÙi.¢eNYY9fÌ'SÖFÙi.¢û1YY9fÌ'\Ī± ñçY>â9fÌ'SÖF©Y>â9fÌ[
PßÏĪÏÌ˘Ò9Wöfį ++Q"# À9÷+3++wˇpfį OTÄ"#OT
›®±ñÙi.¢çY[C?d'SÖF©Y[C?d('ÙÃ9fį OTÄ"#OTlv¢
í6Ùi.¢9‘@<Ï[b™'Q="÷9|¥k+"Ú'ab»*, ëÀB9©ª#É
+# >#ĪÏÌ̆ Ò9op‡·'IQRÙiop‡·›]pK- ëÀB[
2018 Ù 3 ä 23 ˘-. ëv·üE†ø¿“301 S‹Üá”'LçËÈqf' ëçûX'
óò[̂ nÎQBÀ9ÔÍ"#G5'[\}\_Öi·Ÿk±[hfopK-fi
˛ÀB®h. ëûX#‘@<ÏQ ëàâ9z'abøXK-ÀB ñ!29k±\z h.\©ª#É+#
>#ĪÏÌ,9˘Ò[
=µ÷ °¢T§wú„{ ®-
!÷‰Ë¥. À9£#[£…\ú„{ .?˘Ò#"òGà®dSŸLç_ 16 Ú
kl'̌ “?ç•a'aç•?a?Û•a'a¥•?”a\ú„¶̂ £À ÏSŸ'£…“ 0à,8 Úkl'ˇ“®i®9'aia9”[
ab¯“?ç•a'aç•?a?Û•a'a¥•?”®sï“°¢T§”'±ïaS9T§
ßx›à¢®ST§9°¢[è_"ißx9©™%&'abQ&,“°¢T§”Ï{ ®-#
<XıO9´w¨X[
gKÔ//sÆØÌfį ÀBïd'abop,°¢T§ú„¶MÑ{ ,®-[à>› abop-
.®[9©±H‚'±ïdC»©ª#É+ÏÌ9˘Ò'K-ÀBç&\Y
\£#pŸäÜWöT§' –Y9Ï£§SN9Í+Q<ô9 À[
=$÷ |}~*w±^?@á9àât,
± ĵ!ij'̌ ±^RSjmQ,p»πsº9ij'4+¥. À9£§[!÷‰Ë
±^RSjm'ˇ±^?@á9àât,[
è_op±^ë#°[swǪVàâ'abøXı\ 2000 Ù¥Xçê
-.ïWX9!k?@ásgµ.ïWX9Ô§?@á9h‰d 'E\ 2019 ÙıGtïg
-.ïWX9—-?@á#gK.ïWX9!§?@ásgµ.ïWX9Ô§?@á9|}~
*9d [Ù"GtD 9±^RSjm9ë!rt,[
©"æopWX.¢\’:YV9Ñ`'vgøX—-?@á#!§?@á&¶¥./s
.9“îfl-·(”%)'EÔ§l¥X瓡.ıO”9%)[
= ÷ .N◊ª+(j!ij
± ,̂p»π9="ituÏ.N◊ª+('.N◊ª+(R¥,Jˆ!`Í»bÊ9ß
¿º˘êë+(9Gt[
/H±^RSjm%Rêï-#!#Ô|}~*9d '.N◊ª+(æP g->ïUr[-
.vgÏR->Ñ`fÜ “.Nøª˛”'̌ è_ø™◊ªÖˆ fÌ'n(̄ è◊¿ 9¶!G¡tD‡.¢a“vg -̄
>÷U,'Oïͬ#i̇ D‡.
¢9 ì́[±™'|}~*9RSd Qxï◊ª+(sº9ç?sâ¶,.N◊ª+(j!
ij[
Ùiijñˆ.NRSˆÿ+(Úzçƒ+9y![]4j!ijv¢l“ânË”'“(
K.,”'gC“ˇ‰.N◊ª+(”| ÔÇ[»*"i->#?‘ª#Ô>|}~*◊
ª+('Ï"iQ±^RSjmd ›?◊ª+(9í SN[
=7÷à Œœj!ij
± ,̂p»π9=yituϱ^P++([y£sß»*9±^P++('R¥,"ù
]+sß'Gtï[±^?@á9|}~*àâ'±^P++(sº9
ç?sÏà Œœj!ij[
±^P++(ŸÆ9#£'̌ z’..¢U^à Œœ9˘Ò#’..tÏÌ
åG9˘Ò#gC±^?@á9àât,[
p± ,̂©f»±^nŵ_9pv'~ ̂ ‰9Å9à Œœ“)%Ràç'E À? ÄÏÅÃ
Œœ9SN[̄ ÃLœo±ïK-®ÃUr̂ 9ÀÑÏc–9År'ÃLœ ϱ^RSjmQ,p»πij9·X[
±^P++(vgl±^QYVıp[ˇh9oˇh'YV9oYV'»*|}~*9ı
p±^P++(ϱ^P++(9øzSN[
=$÷ w%4+¥. À9r›
¥. À9¶õÖˆA9RS0챩êEåõ9RS0ìl2fôö#ab2±©[
g™'ab»*,¥. À9“±©-ÚÛ”op‡·[
\¥. À97a>'̊ ¶.Qô±©ìľ –¨X[ú".9RS0ì̄ »!
\±©ê#<XWö±©'ab̄ DWö±©ÇÉ+÷ïºö±©¨Xaab̄ ç¢<XDW
ö±©ÇÉ9D‡ÇÉ+÷ïÚÛ±©¨X[p".ø°ÚÛ('DRS2f:a<X9«r
7[
JX\»2060 Ù'K- Àl4 v¢9r›7¨X8[="'A ¨X'K-N<XD!
\±©ê'ab®sïı¶9¨X[=y'B ¨X'-.<XD!\±©ê'EK.ø°ÚÛ'
RS±©êFzD!\±©ê9"±a=|'C ¨X'K.<XD!\±©ê'E-.ø°Ú
Û'RS±©êFzD!\±©ê9"±aD ̈ X'ø°ÚÛ'RS±©êsFz D!\±©ê9"±[
“d±Ït,9(•'t±Ït,9ëg'd±è_t±ExOR”[¥. ÀÏd±'E
À9à lÜ4z i.¢¢£{ÚÛ'<XD!\±©ê[
Oïô¢ŸÆ !̆)ÚÛ#"ù)ÚÛ#E?OTÚÛ#ˆÿÚÛ#‘@Ú ÛsYV]±ÚÛ_ 6
ÚÛ[K.è_RSàâ9SÉQ+Íí 'vg{ÚÛ9ø°[ Oï̊ ¶.9-
.v¢ŸÆE?OTÚÛ#̂ ÿÚÛ#‘@ÚÛ#",ÚÛ#…OÚÛsYV
]±ÚÛ_ 6 ÚÛ[
oppv¥. À9ÚÛGtÇÉ'abøXw="'—[\àâgï#<XRS
±©a=y'?‘ª¶ï.N◊ª#Q->oà£À"#a=|'K-&¶YV®®92
)<ô'ÏK-<Œœj!sûGó9|i¥Y(•[
=Û÷ "# À
"#nÅèöo¶h ¸&'" ÏÃt&"#nÅ'k" ÏÒt&"#nÅ[BÀÃ
t&"#nÅ'Ï>è_®ÅA"9 ʼnvÓÃJ <X9"#©æaEÒt&"#nÅÏ "
QRr#®Œr9"#t 'Å9"#QÅ9"#œl;•fi('DRÅ9"#›ò9ã
–Å9"#[$õú¿¡"#J28 ´—#14 ́ —'10 ́ —"ææøz‰v»7 ´—#5 ́ —#
3 ́ —aßõú“ô"#®zÛ”"##Ò]‹›"#®z‘’"##Å¢ˇ÷Ê9“°Û® z÷òÊ9ø°Û9ïv[
Ãt&"# ÀÏ"#9J 'Dè vg0àï“ øéf ø”'\ ÀK qõöö Úz>"'uëÀf“
qõ2Ü”[Òt&"# ÀÏÅÅ"#9äã'U‰õ\Å"#,| ÏU‰'äãÅ"#9Û@¶!|Aa
qõ±ï\Å"#9Àß'°E\Å"#9ñR,ì lzJö&'ZZß›õÿ,'EU‰õluëÀf“U‰õƒa”[
pv"# Àh¥UV'? ́ ¢Qn,/¢ '̌$õìlÃt&"#nÅ9Õ¶'Eß õìlÒt&"#nÅ9Õ¶[-.\? ́
¢UVŸ(U‰'S\n,/¢ˇUVv¢Àf “U‰õƒa”aK.\n,/¢ˇUVŸ(U‰'S\?´
¢UVv¢Àf“ qõ2Ü”[
i®“ qõ2Ü”9fic'Ï\!.Ÿ(Àß9"#,&¶“nÅ-ËÈ”9ïr7'Ù
7ÄTè_ËÈ À:ø&¶'¥µè_.¢OT9ei[¶M9OTl|iklw="'
nQ!.Ÿ(Àß9"#ìl"+*Í9ËÈ\æa=y'\"#9⁄t⁄&¶l⁄9ËÈ Àa=|'"#ËÈÏFã9'¢£
,É©"#9æ‹[
Ãt&"#QÒt&"#9 Àè 9Y'nÛR»¥.\.Nˆÿ#±^P+#Q2
)_D‡UV9 À[
=Û"÷ .Nˆÿ À
-.\ˆÿUVÚzU‰Ñ`'±™'ˆÿUV9Òt&"#nÅÏK
.¶ˆ.Nˆÿ À9fic[
ÏR->9ö&Ñ '̀="'è_¥ìø™->'¶f->.Nøª̨ 'éè-
.9jmî˜#AA" ø#fic[\'JEfiÔ-.<+RS#–â±^?@áa=y'Ï R-
>©™ˆÿͬ'ÍoK.̂ ÿÚÛQˆÿfl‡ı"#[±™'‘“ˆÿÚÛQˆÿfl‡ ı"#¶ïK.\.Nˆÿ À9UY5ì[
!÷Lç◊ªOTQ◊ª"#hiSN9Òt&nÅ[="'âo“maè!ù° ©˛”'
“àÏè!ù°‘·A'&¶=ÖˆÿOT ì́[maè!ù° ©˛ènQ,ºöW
&>è!9ma:êù°'l®z̋ öW&>9maè!ù°è_¶f ©˛9ST©™l⁄
xÍ'\ÚÛW&>®.ˆÿËÈl⁄‚®'JE‘“.NˆÿÚÛ9ø°[
=y'âoÒÚ◊ªma–sûü[p$ma–s+(9öZUYlhi'="ÏR„Ÿ
…'ìlÔ¥9ªVd>r'=yÏ]±#"#FaDYZ“UYlhiw"ÏúëJøx»
à‰9ª©'yÏúë¶!_A[Å9ÒÚ◊ªma–sûü\Y+íhiáZw="'m
+›p9rê'ñˆûüt>ç¢7øÏ#ûüQd>ËÈsº“ç¢øÏa=y'Dúë
¶!zXlma–s+(YF["r+íÙhiáZ'ÊÅ◊ª+(à¯çX[
=Ûy÷ ±^P++( À
=y˚Ã ¥£sß»* ëP++(ìlÖ¥klnÁÃkl#Eû Àkl#
ë:ê,klQË&kl'pÊÙÖ¥kl\± “̂‚tŸÆ#£'à RSŒœ2fÈÍ
y![
\K-9±^P++( ÀK'Ü,“éè#àÒ# À”9SÎ'̌ éè:ƒ#ù
ıÒÚ#QK. À'DUYÎ9lhiw="'\±^?@á,“(K.,”'ít-.\±
^?@á9fic[\“_ #w”'“ñ,”[=y'ÏÍ"#nÅQ
[\gï'nQ-.\AA"[\9±^~^Ñ`[
Ÿ®“(K.,”T§'ö9©™T§Ï“lc°˙”w»*“!§?n+È'\
“!§”YV–»WTO èl[
“!§?n+È9ÎDĪg"#ËÈsÒgËÈ:ê,ïÎD'i®-.®
"#Ç¿ùÒ[KªòôzÔ,!§RS?n+'Óæ<X"##è!#I°_YY\?n+
t9:êù°[©ª»*¸+zÔÒ#ìl!§Õ9!§P++('ñD¶ï±^RS“|
}~*”P++(K9–Y"‰[
“!§?n+È9»îklÏ“gËÈóèl”'gK.ËÈ9xhFãóÜ?n+¶8?
ne˚WTO èl[D»îÇÉÏxhFã'ıh[˝'‰ëßá'lœ©f[
-.\pv±^P++(KÚzU‰Ñ '̀±™'K.\±^P++(UV9Òt&nÅ
nÃ϶ ̂À9fic'E“!§?n+”9âoàÏÙ Òt&nÅ'ı+X\|iSŸw= "'—|;)9
zÑ+“‚9Œœ»î'ç6J"C"Ñ9ˆL'Kãz›Ó#wRS+9
?nËÈŒœ9â»a=y—|;)92)Ï_è_®?n+¶8©fQ…ç9°!H+'
â»’¶8£ƒ›u9“!§”Œœa=|'—|;)9À~Ô5'|oÔ>ÂUrD"'â»
|}~*# À?Ä9Åà Œœ[
=Û|÷ nÅÃ
nÅ%R¶ï†°‘@$©9WX°ô'!÷1ß\Xl"Øjm,®nÅÃtçè“# ()9J戛[
nÅˇz“àT(idea)”, nÅ9_`vg0àï “àT→nÅ→"#©æ→ËÈ<X”[› x9'?¸9nÅ;°Jy
bì+#êú໺àoïÖiµ_w[°àT#G,óò#L A°[ê#<X?@[
nÅ_`e’hi7'="iÏnÅõQàTÒ97'=yiÏnÅõQ øÛâ#
ËÈ97[\="i7K'nÅõJàTÒK„ÛyÜàT'EnÅõ¥Ú[°9ÅàT “°
tàTÒ'¶ïàTÒ9">o[\=yi7K'pnÅõÖˆ"+2ì9ÅàTs
ß'àıI°#è!sD‡KºéfJ) ø;°#©™nÅ'°[çÅ9"#[ÅàT92
ì|A'noç›9Å"#à|¶[Å9"#\ËÈ,<XÏÉ'G¶ øéf' ¡>"µ
_9nÅ[
?̧ ı°g›'Bl?9BlàT9ñ0åı'â¶,àTÒ9">o[!÷ à̄TÒ9
Õ¶0ඵihîwàT92ìíĴ $o¿#àT92ìo¿ÏYV,9#àT92ì
o¿ìl¥‡›fir#àTìlE?C˜r#àT9G,ìl¯}rsU}r[
nÅÃl|ij!ijw="'ÏåKnÅ'ÉÏo˘nÅx=y'nŶ ÏElÉ
Ïflx=|'Ï:UnÅ'ÉÏ%˙nÅx"i¶9nÅ+Í'ÏÙ|®ij9ûX'Eç n(ª@lB⁄–[
àT9Ç¿ÏnÅà 9WXY [̃®àT9Ç¿lh &)'="ÏËÈÇ¿'=yÏ
OfÇ¿[cÍ®àT9ËÈÇ¿'\YOf9ôì›ûXËÈÇ¿aEcÍOf®àT9Ç
¿'\Y.¢sº9 À'gCËÈ À›ûXOf9Ç¿[
nQ“àTÒ”Ÿ$??û_ÏÅà 9WX#£'|}~*9ıpà P++(ïx®Ù
iWX#£L⁄,"ijm[
=ÛÖ÷ ÛÙ£§72024-20348
!÷0à±{'ILçK.\>"iÛÙ9¥. À£§[
K.\>"iÛÙ9¥. À£§ÎDàÏCDP Ù±©ê¯»5%'JEñï÷GDP 0
ì\2035 Ù˚Xq,-.[
K.<X£§ÎD9£§SÎvg0àï$iÚw箸'ƒËÈ'˝?][
箸w="Ï>ç1ßÜÃ~ '̂±ïçv™#œ¶Ú#çx =̨yÏ> çQ-.?Pà [BÀK-
?P9<2àÏçíà Œœ'K.ÂÏOï-.
<ô9fifl'ˇ+à [“K-?P”9}Z+ÏEn'DWXY˜Ïßç»K-fi(
9µ_rt,QK-ÏÌ˘Ò9àâGt[\¥. Àµ_'“K-?P”9ààÏK.\A
A"UV9øzÀÏÍ'Àf qõ2Ü'ÄT<XD£§ÎD[
ƒËÈw\ 20 !» 25 !?Y9“!§”»*Œœ'ab®sË
ÈÈ[ƒËÈe’»*‰!§ÈŒœ#ƒ"#ËÈ#ƒè!ËÈ[»î“!§”Œœe’|SŸt
uw="'UrÍ+!§?n+9èlQP++([=y'n—“!§”ËÈ9ƒ+QÃ.[=
|'5ζ8RS+9°!©fs…ç[ƒ"#ËÈUYÏhSŸ'="'»*!§"#ËÈ
9“ ø→nÅ→ËÈ→ÏÉ”ïr7a=y'nÎ!§"#ËÈ9 À[ÙhSŸYæ9W
XsÏ°Ç¿'RDÏ°.N"#Ç¿[®"#Ç¿'ÄËDÜw%OT '̃!2,'
s\Y"#! "#9 Àô[E! "#9 Àô'\Y"+9ËÈ*Í›"$#øz[\
ËÕ ť#ÚÛÖ/ˆÿËÈ'ƒè!ËÈàÏè_U°Í+Å9è!ËÈèl›è{ "##ƒ+ËÈ[
˝?]wfic\zàT#óòQAñ"#9noQ?][?¸9nÅ!2,Ïå+™ï[
Åà 9nÅlÖi!2Yæw="'ê±?¸?n¡Qa=y'¶ï±?¸B?]a=|'
†°Ã?nøza=Ö'?r\nÅ;°Kˆ»gT[ab%÷ñzK.ïÅà ›̈"i
?n#?]#?nøz#?ngT9nÅ+([
